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宾语从句基础 |
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帮助学生巩固初中阶段所学的宾语从句知识，了解宾语从句连词用法。
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教学重点 |
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宾语从句连词用法。 |
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教学安排 |
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1 |
词汇复习 |
30分钟 |
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2 |
专题复习 |
55分钟 |
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3 |
其他题型训练 |
30分钟 |
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4 |
师生总结 |
5分钟 |
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5 |
课后作业 |
30分钟 |
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deliver vt. 投递（信件，邮包等）；传送；发表; |
一显身手：写出下列句中deliver的中文意思和词性。
The department store deliver free of charge. __________________
We were told the pizza would be delivered in 20 minutes. __________________
The president will deliver a speech about schools. __________________
delivery n. 投递之物；递送之物
I got a delivery of fresh eggs this morning. 今天早上我收到了送来的新鲜鸡蛋。
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2. drive v. 驾驶，驱赶 n. [U] 驱车旅行，驾车路程 |
一显身手：写出下列句中drive的中文意思。
He put the bags in the car and drove off. 他把袋子放进车里，然后____________。
Every summer the shepherds drive the sheep up to the pasture.
每年夏天牧羊人都将羊群____________牧场去。
His daughter drove him to the train station. 他女儿____________将她送到火车站。
I thought we might go for a drive on Sunday. 我想星期天我们可以_________。
drive-in 免洗车餐馆，免下车电影院
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3. empty a. 空的 v. 倒空 |
一显身手：写出下列句中empty的中文意思。
The house was bare and empty. 房间____________的。
The roads were empty of traffic. 马路上几乎____________。
Empty the noodles and liquid into a serving bowl.把汤面____________上菜用的碗中。
• empty-handed 两手空空的，一无所获的
• empty-headed 没头脑的，愚蠢的
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4. fine a. 晴朗的；美好的；（身体）健康的；精美的； v. 罚款 |
一显身手：写出下列句中fine的中文意思。
There is a fine view of the countryside. 这里可以看到乡村的____________。
Everything was going to be just fine. 一切都会____________的。
She was fined 100 dollars. 他____________100美元。
He has a fine collection of stamps. 他收集了一些____________邮票。
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5. head n. [ C] 头；头脑；首脑；队伍的最前面；顶部 v. 居……之首；主管；负责；行进 |
一显身手：写出下列句中head的中文意思。
She turned her head away from him. 她把 _________别过去，不再看他。
I can’t get that song out of my head. 那首歌在我 _______ 里挥之不去。
Heads of government from more than 100 countries gather in Geneva tomorrow.
来自100多个国家的政府_________明日将齐聚日内瓦。
The person, heading the procession, just turned right.
走在行进队伍最前面的那个人刚向右转弯。
Every day a different name was placed at the head/top of the chart.
每天都有一个不同的名字被列在这张表的顶端。
Michael heads the department’s Office of Civil Rights.
迈克尔____________该部民权处。
• head for 朝着……行进
He headed for the bus stop. 他____________公共汽车站走去。
It’s not clear how many of them will be heading back to China tomorrow.
还不清楚他们中间有多少人明天要____________中国。
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6. mean v. 意思是；意味着; 要紧； |
一显身手：写出下列句中mean的中文意思。
What does “evidence” mean? evidence 是什么_______？
What do you think he means by that? 你觉得你那么说是什么_______？
It would mean a lot to them to win. 获胜对他们来说非常_______。
• mean to do 计划；打算
I mean to look after my body. 我得注意身体。
• means n. 方法，手段
by means of 通过； by all means 完全可以； by no means 绝不
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7. minute n. [C]分钟；一会儿；一瞬间；会议记录 a. 非常细小的 |
一显身手：写出下列句中minute的中文意思。
Within minutes we realized our mistake.没过多久，我们就意识到了自己的错误。
I need to speak with her right this minute. 我现在就需要跟她谈谈。
He’d been reading the minutes of the last meeting. 他刚才一直在阅读上次会议的记录。
Only a minute amount is needed. 只需要很少的一点点。
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8. mirror n. [C]镜子 v. 反应；再现 |
一显身手：写出下列句中mirror的中文意思。
He absent-mindedly look at himself in the mirror.他心不在焉地看着镜中的自己。
The book inevitably mirrors my own interests and experiences.
这本书不可避免地____________我个人的喜好与经历。
Ⅱ. Exercises
Translation.
英译中
More than once, depression drove him to attempt suicide.
I feel so empty; my life just doesn’t seem worth living any more.
Lina is fine and sends you her love and best wishes.
Despite the fact that I have tried to be objective, the book inevitably mirrors my likes and hates.
Wait a minute, folks, something is wrong here.
Running a business heads the list of ambitions among the 1,000 people interviewed by the magazine..
The red signal means you can shoot.
8. Summer is the perfect time to catch up on the new books you meant to read.
中译英
在44年间仅有一名女性做过讲座，这真令人震惊。(deliver)
她被罚款500英镑，而且一个月内禁止开车。(fine)
她的眼神反映了她的思想。(mirror)
晚会策划极为详细。（minute）
她带着孩子登上了一家回家的飞机。（head）
让我用一个古老的故事来说明我的意思吧。（mean）
8. 本课程为期两年，授课形式为讲座与研讨。（by means of）
宾语从句
什么是宾语
1.宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。
2.英语的及物动词后必须有宾语。宾语一般放及物动词之后，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
4.宾语有直接宾语和间接宾语之分，即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语，这两个宾语称为“双宾语”。
什么是宾语从句
——宾语部分是从句的句子叫做宾语从句。
——经常会使用宾语从句的句型：
I don’t know…, I want to know…, Do you know…, Who knows…
Please tell me…, Could you tell me…, No one tells us…, Let me tell you…
I think…, I don’t think…, He always thinks…,
He said…, She asked…
宾语从句的三大考点
☆ 连接词的选择（从属连词，关联代词，关联副词）
1.陈述句选择that(that可省略)
2.一般疑问句选择if 或者whether(建议选whether)
(1)当whether与or not连成一个词组时，不可换用if
(2)在介词后面只能用whether，不能用if
(3)在动词不定式之前，只能用whether，不能用if
3.特殊疑问句的特殊疑问词不变
——He told me (that）he would go to college the next year.
——Nobody knows whether he could pass the exam.
——The book will show you what the best CEO should know.
——None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
☆ 语序。
无论任何时候都要用陈述语序。
☆ 时态。
1.当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.
2.如果主句是一般过去时，从句的时态要受到影响：根据自己原先的时态向过去推移。
具体地说：
一般现在时→一般过去时do/does-did，am/is/are-was/were
现在进行时→过去进行时 am/is/are doing-was/were doing
现在完成时→过去完成时 have/has done-had done have/has been-had been
一般将来时→过去将来时 am/is/are going to do-was/were going to do will do-would do
一般过去时→过去完成时 did-had done
3.如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：
He said that light travels much faster than sound
4．主句是could you tell me /would you please tell me的时候，只表示语气的委婉，不表示过去式，不对从句的时态产生影响。
自测：
1. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.
He said ________ these flowers _______from Guangdong.
2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.
My teacher told me_______ light _______ faster than sound.
3. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t know.
Jack didn’t know _______ there _______ _______a meeting in five days.
4. Can they speak French? I want to know.
I want to know _______ _______ _______ _______French.
5. Are the children playing games? Tell me.
Tell me _______ the children _______ _______ games.
6. Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.
Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ homework yet.
7. How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?
Who knows _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______in the picture?
8. Where did she park her car? Do you know?
Do you know _______ _______ _______ her car?
9. What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.
The girl wondered_______ _______ often_______ about.
10. Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know.
I don’ t know _______ _______at the door so loudly.
11. Does he still live in that street? I don't know.
I don't know_______ he still _______ in that street.
12. What's his name? I asked him.
I asked him what _______ _______ _______.
13. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.
Please tell me_______ _______ _______ _______.
14. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys.
He asked the boys_______ they _______ fried chicken.
15. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know.
I don't know_______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai.
宾语从句的小考点
1. if 和when的不同含义不同句型
——If表示如果的话，是条件状语从句的连接词
——If表示“是否”,或者没有特别意思的话, if后面的动词随句子时态变化（宾语从句）
If it rains tomorrow，I won’t come.
I don’t know if it will rain tomorrow.
——When表示当…时候的话，是条件状语从句的连接词
——When表示什么时候的话，when后的动词随句子时态变化（宾语从句）
Do you know when he will come back?
When he comes back, I’ll tell you .
2. to简单句
——当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：
She agreed that she could help me with my maths.
→She agreed to help me with my maths.
——在特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句中，且从句主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如：
Can you tell me how I can get to the station？
→Can you tell me how to get to the station？
——当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋不带to的不定式或V-ing”。如：
She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.
→She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.
3.人称的变化
——人称需要根据实际情况改变。如：
“May I use your knife？”He asked me.
→He asked me if he might use my knife.
“Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me.
→He asked me if I knew her telephone number.
4.标点的决定
——宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。
Who will give us a talk？I don’t know.
→I don’t know who will give us a talk.
Do you know？Where does he live？
→Do you know where he lives？
5.宾语从句里的否定前移
当think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接的宾语从句为含有not的否定句时，该否定应移至主句，即否定主句的谓语动词。
I don't think it will rain tomorrow.
We don't expect our football team will win the World Cup.
自测：
A computer can only do ___________ you have instructed it to do.
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A. how |
B. after |
C. what |
D. when |
The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ___________ I thought was a dangerous speed.
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A. as |
B. which |
C. what |
D. that |
I think father would like to know ___________ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.
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A. which |
B. why |
C. what |
D. how |
Could you tell me ________________?
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A. where can I put my bicycle |
B. where my bicycle be put |
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C. where can my bicycle be put |
D. where my bike can be put |
I wonder __________ they will come here with tomorrow.
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A. whether |
B. when |
C. who |
D. how |
—Can I help you?
—Yes. I’d like a ticker to Mount Emei.Can you tell me ___________ take to get there?
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A. how soon will it |
B. how soon it will |
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C. how long it will |
D. how long will it |
The host wanted to know __________.
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A. when will the guests come |
B. when the guests will come |
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C. when would the guests come |
D. when the guests would come |
Jack’s father wondered _____________.
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A. how much had cost the new DVDs |
B. the new DVDs had cost how much |
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C. how much the new DVDs had cost |
D. how much had the new DVDs cost |
Mr White didn’t know ___________ last night.
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A. when does his son come home |
B. when his son comes home |
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C. when did his son come home |
D. when his son came home |
10) Could you tell me __________?
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A. which computer I can use |
B. how can I used the DVDs player |
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C. if he had given us a lesson |
D. why would he deal with the case |
11) Lily has some ideas about _________ she’s going to be when she grows up.
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A. what |
B. that |
C. as |
D.which |
Would you please tell me _________ ?
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A. when your father has come back |
B. where your father would play tennis |
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C. why your father didn’t watch the match |
D. if your father had seen the film |
The teacher asked Eddie _________ .
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A. what’s wrong with him |
B. what wrong with him is |
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C. what was wrong with him |
D. what wrong was with him |
He didn’t tell us _________ .
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A. if he will give us a lecture |
B. whether he would go with you |
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C.when he will arrive |
D. when he will arrive |
I’d like to see you off at the airport. Could you tell me _________ ?
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A. when your plane took off |
B. when did your plane take off |
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C. when your plane takes off |
D. when does your plane take off |
The teacher understands that _________ Maths has always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students.
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A. since |
B. unless |
C. although |
D.when |
17) Could you tell me _________ ?
A. when the palaces change into the Palace Museum
B. when were the palaces changed into the Palace Museum
C. when did the palaces change into the Palace Museum
D. when the palaces were changed into the Palace Museum
Would you like to see _________ when you are 25?
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A. what you will be like |
B. how you will be |
C. what you will be |
D.how you will be like |
19) The student asked the politics teacher _________ .
A. when did the Russian President pay his first visit to Shaolin Temple
B. where the Russian President paid his first visit to Shaolin Temple
C. if the Russian President had paid his first visit to Shaolin Temple
D. had the Russian President paid his first visit to Shaolin Temple
He asked me _________ during the winter holidays.
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A. where I had gone |
B. where I had been |
C. where had I gone |
D.where had I been |
将下列句子连接成宾语从句
It’s not easy to learn a foreign language well. Jack knows…
English is useful as well as important. I know…
The earth goes round the sun. The teacher told us…
Tom hopes to be back soon. He said…
The wallet was stolen by Jack. I don’t think…
Will it rain this afternoon? I wonder…
Does Mr.Brown live in that house? Could you tell us…
Have you watched the flowers? He asked…
Are they preparing for the Autumn Sports Meet? He wanted to know…
Does Tom’s father work in the hospital? I asked…
Which exercise was the most difficult? She asked…
What did he say? I didn’t hear…
Where did you leave your bag? Do you remember…
Which bank is she going to? Do you know…
Whose handwriting is the best? He asked…
Why was the train late? Could you tell me…
How can I get to the History Museum? Could you tell me…
Why didn’t they obey the rules? He asked me…
When will you start? Tom asked us…
How do you do it? He asked me to show him…
选择
He was not sure _________ for his mother’s birthday.
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A. what was he going to buy |
B. what he was going to buy |
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C. to buy what |
D. what he is going to buy |
Could you tell me why _________ school without asking for leave?
A. did you leave B. you left C. do you leave D. you leave
The clerk at the post office asked Jack _________ .
A. how he wants to post the parcel
B. how does he want to post the parcel
C. how he wanted to post the parcel
D. how did he want to post the parcel
I’d like to know _________ .
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A. when will he give back the MP3 |
B. whether has he received higher education |
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C. that he has been busy since last March |
D. why she will join in the 800-meter race |
Mike asked the shop assistant _________ .
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A. how much did the jacket cost |
B. how much the jacket cost |
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C. how much does the jacket cost |
D. how much the jacket costs |
Our class teacher asked the monitor _________ .
A. why didn’t Bill come to school B. why doesn’t Bill come to school
C. why Bill didn’t come to school D. why Bill doesn’t come to school
Mum didn’t believe _________ .
what Tom has told her B. what has Tom told her
C. what Tom had told her D. what had Tom told her
The scientists on the ground told the two astronauts _________ .
A. what to do and how to do it B. to do what and to do how
C. what to do and to do how D. do to what and how to do it
Mrs Smith was not sure _________ .
A. that her son would take her advice
B. if her son would take her advice or not
C. whether her son will take her advice
D. whether her son would take her advice or not
10) Tom very soon decided _________ .
A. what he would do next B. when would he leave
C. how would he spend the holiday D. where would he live
语法选择
I. 语法填空
(A)
Libraries are my world. I've been a patron all my life, and for the past nine years I (25) ______ (work) at multiple libraries and archives in and around Detroit. The library (26) ______ an institution has many roles, but as our country struggles through an economic crisis, I have watched the library where I work evolve into a career and business center, a community gathering place and a bastion for hope.
In the spring of 2007 I got a library internship at the Southfield Public Library, just north of Detroit. Summers at SPL (27) ______ (be) usually slow, but that year, we experienced a library that hustled and bustled like science-fair project week, midterms or tax season. Yet patrons weren't looking for Mosby's Nursing Drug Reference or 1040 forms. They were coming for information on entrepreneurship and growing their small business.
I interpreted people's interest in our business collection as the first step to (28) ______ (pursue) their dreams, but these patrons were not motivated by dreams. They were responding to reality, and they were looking for Plan B.
Things worsened in 2008, and in 2009 the economic crisis continues to suffocate Michigan. Last year, we put up a display with a variety of job resources that we restocked every hour. Each night the library closed, the display was bare. (29) ______ we normally keep displays up for a week, we kept the job resources display up for months.
Then there's the tightening credit market. People see the writing on the wall and they want to get educated. They can't afford a financial adviser, but checking books out is free. Some of (30) ______(popular) titles now are "Rich Dad, Poor Dad," "Think and Grow Rich," and "Suze Orman's 2009 Action Plan."
The economic downturn affects us all. I have had to work long hours and don't get to see (31) ______ of my boyfriend or experience any kind of social life lately, but I am thankful to be in a position where I can help people overcome this struggle. In Michigan, we haven't lost hope. (32) ______ ______ ______ there are libraries here, there will always be hope.
(B)
It’s estimated that 300 million people in China are studying, or (33) ______ (study), English. That’s an impressive number and I can’t think of any other country in the world where one quarter of the population is so dedicated to (34) ______ (learn) a second language. But some people are questioning whether this “craze” for studying English is worthwhile.
Professor Zhang Shuhua of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences says that too much emphasis is placed on learning English and that it is a waste of education resources as well as a threat to the study of Chinese. He says that having English as a compulsory course in university “has distracted much of students’ attention (35) ______ specialized subjects,” and that some students have been denied access to postgraduate education because they failed English. Others have admitted that studying so much English has made them (36) ______ (poor) Chinese speakers.
Both of these criticisms are legitimate, but they beg the question of why so many Chinese still want to learn English. English, (37) ______ recognize, is the lingua franca of the modern world. It is the language of business and has become the language of international relations and culture. When people from different countries get together, they frequently speak in English rather than try to translate their native languages. It seems that everyone everywhere can speak at least some English.
For China to be part of that international conversation, it is necessary that some level of English proficiency (38) ______ be achieved. But what, you may ask, about those who will never speak a word of English once they leave school? Well, for good or ill, they will still be surrounded by English. It is there in signs, in music, in movies and in the casual conversations they overhear of the increasing number of foreigners on the city streets. To know English is to be included in the rest of the world, (39) ______ ______ your world is limited to China.
I agree with Professor Zhang on one point, (40) ______. English should not be a compulsory subject in university. For most, passing the CET is just the endless drudgery of memorizing word lists. There is little emphasis placed on communication. And if you can’t communicate in English after years of study in primary school, middle school and high school, a few more years in university probably won’t help.
Ⅱ. 简答题
本次课复习了中考要求下的宾语从句的各个考点。
Homework
1. 复习讲义相关知识点讲解；
2. 背诵相关的词汇和句型，下次上课前十分钟默写；
3. 完成家庭作业。
一、选择
All of the citizens in Shanghai want to know ____________.
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A .what tomorrow’s Shanghai will be like |
B .what tomorrow’s Shanghai will like |
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C. how will tomorrow’s Shanghai will look like |
D. how tomorrow’s Shanghai will look like |
Could you tell me ___________?
|
A. when will the film begin |
B. when would the film begin |
|
C. when the film will begin |
D. when the film would begin |
My grandpa couldn’t remember ______________ .
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A. where he puts his glasses |
B. where had he put his glasses |
|
C. where he had put his glasses |
D. where did he put his glasses |
Could you tell me __________?
|
A. where he lives |
B. where does he live |
|
C. where did he live |
D. where lives he |
He asked me _______________.
|
A. if I can lend him my car |
B. if can I lend him my car |
|
C. if I could lend him my car |
D. if could I lend him my car |
--What are you searching the Internet for?
--I’m trying to find out ___________.
A. what is the difference between AH1N1 and bird flu
B .how many people have died in the accident
C. how our environment protect
D. why is our Chinese team able to beat Koream
Do you know ____________?
|
A. when the meeting will begin |
B. when begins the meeting |
|
C. when will the meeting begin |
D. when does the meeting begin |
The little boy was so excited that he didn’t know ____________ next.
|
A. what should he do |
B. how to do |
|
C. what he will do |
D. what to do |
Would you please tell me _____________?
|
A. when did he come home |
B. where he play football |
|
C. how he saw the film |
D. why he didn’t watch the game |
Could you tell me ____________ ?
|
A. where is the nearest supermarket |
B. where the nearest supermarket is |
|
C. where was the nearest supermarket |
D. where the nearest supermarket was |
Mr. King didn’t know ____________ yesterday evening.
|
A. when does his son come home |
B. when his son come home |
|
C. when did his son come from |
D. when his son came home |
The lady wanted to know how many gold medals ___________ in the Beijing Olympic Games.
|
A. the Chinese team have won |
B. the Chinese team had won |
|
C. have the Chinese team won |
D. had the Chinese team won |
Though it’s getting dark, he’s still not sure _____________ to go or stay.
|
A) where |
B) whether |
C) when |
D) what |
Simon wanted to know _______________ .
|
A. were there African ghost fish |
B. that there were African ghost fish |
|
C. if were there African ghost fish |
D. whether there were African ghost fish |
The class teacher asked the monitor ______________.
|
A. why was Jeff late for school |
B. why Jeff was late for school |
|
C. why is Jeff late for school |
D. why Jeff is late for school |
Jack and his elder sister know nothing about ____________ at the party.
|
A. when will we have a barbecue |
B. how we would have a barbecue |
|
C. where would we have a barbecue |
D. when we will have a barbecue |
Parents are taught to understand _____________ important education is to their children’s future.
|
A) that |
B) how |
C) such |
D) so |
—Could you tell me ___________?
—I’m not sure.
|
A. how many people have been out of hospital |
B. when is Thanksgiving |
|
C. which animal does he like best |
D. what time will the dolphin show start |
—Could you let me know _________ yesterday?
—Because the traffic was heavy.
|
A. why did he come late |
B. why you came late |
|
C. why do you come late |
D. why you come late |
20）The policeman asked the man ____________ near the house on such a dark night.
|
A. what was he doing |
B. what he was doing |
|
C. what did he do |
D. what he did |
II. 选词填空
For writers in Western cultures, autumn is a difficult season to describe. On the one hand, it is the end of the summer, and therefore a little sad. The nights draw in, and when you wake in the morning, there’s mist and it’s cooler: Winter is around the ___41___. American writer Ernest Hemingway wrote in his book A Moveable Feast: “You expected to be sad in the fall. Part of you died each year when the leaves fell from the trees and their branches were ___42___against the wind and the cold, wintry light.”
On the other hand, autumn has its good side. There are so many changes in nature at this time of year, such as the reds and browns that the leaves change to, and the ___43___ they fall from the trees. French writer Albert Camus even though autumn was a second spring: “Autumn is a second spring when every leaf is a flower.” It’s a view you can also find in the most famous autumn poem in English literature, To Autumn by John Keats. In that poem Keats says that the autumn has its own songs, just like spring.
Another autumn theme is wisdom. The arrival of the season is thought to be similar to a person becoming ___44___. Their summer peak may have been and gone, but old age has not yet come. At this time it’s thought that people have ___45___ a thing or two about life. The great Irish poet W.B. Yeats takes up this theme in his poem The Wild Swans at Coole. Yeats puts together a picture for the reader out of the ___46___ of the changing seasons in Coole Park in the west of Ireland, a place he knew well. Seeing and counting 59 swans, he remembers first making the count 19 years ago. He ___47___ whether he can still love like the lover swans do.
Of course, many other themes and subject matters can play a part in the literature of autumn. For example, it’s the beginning of a new term of the school year. As you would expect, autumn can___48___ in writing for children and young people. But autumn writing usually ___49___ on the changes in nature that we see, which writers often use as a ___50___ for changes in human life.
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