上海牛津英语高一读写作业练习2
课堂练习语法
25.Generally speaking, ______ the experiment according to the directions, you won’t get hurt by this poisonous gas.
A. when doing B. when done C. when to do D. when to be done
26.People from all walks of life are taking pains to raise the standard of living above ______ is necessary for comfort and happiness.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
27.I have found myself a new job in a school. As I’ve worked with students, I know what _____ there.
A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects
28.According to a report by the World Health Organization, smokers have _____ of the mouth, tongue and throat as nonsmokers.
A. six times much as cancer B. six times as much cancer
C. as much as six times cancer D. as much six times cancer
29..Most of us will make friends with ______ shares with our interest, but in the case of John, he just feels good finding a person who always has a different view.
A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever
30.When you are interviewed, it is not your appearance but your good manners that ______ the interviewer most deeply.
A. impress B. has impressed C. impressed D. impressing
31．It claims that radiation from the handset ______cause insomnia and headaches as well as cutting the time _______ in deep sleep
A. must, spent B. can, spent C. can, spending D. must, spent
32．_______ to get enough sleep can lead to depression, lack of concentration and personality changes.
A. Fall B. Falling C. Failing D. Failed
33．Deep sleep is essential ______ it is the time when the body rejuvenates cells and repairs damage suffered during the day
A. as B. on condition that C. as long as D. so
34．Meals at the family dinner table could be the key to ______ a generation of teenage girls from developing eating disorders.
A. prevent B. prevented C. preventing D. being prevented
35．A study ________ more than 2500 American high school students found that girls who ate five or more family meals a week had a much healthier relationship with food in later life
A. surveyed B. surveys C. being survey D. surveying
36．"Each student will receive a formal invitation _________he will have to respond in a written formal manner and not by email, text message or phone," the spokesman said.
A. which B. for which C. to which D. at which
37．People are inherently contradictory and nowhere_______ than on such a sensitive and important issue as their weight,"
A. it is more obvious B. is it more obvious
C. is it obvious D. is it more obviously
38．In terms of how to shed weight there are also different strategies. Globally most people say ______ food intake is the best answer,_______ by 43 percent who do more exercise
A. cut down; followed B. cutting down ; following
C. cutting down; followed D. cut down; following
39．People who drink moderately, exercise, quit smoking and eat five servings of fruit and vegetables each day live on average 14 years longer than people who adopt ______of these behaviors, researchers said on Tuesday.
A. all B. both C. none D. neither
40. In front of ______ remained of my old house, I took some pictures and told my son some funny stories in my childhood.
A. which B. the place C. where D. what
Part II Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.
Women often complain that dating is like a cattle market, and a paper just published in Biology Letters by Thomas Pollet and Daniel Nettle of Newcastle University, in England, suggests they are right. They have little cause for complaint, however, because the paper also suggests that in this particular market, it is women who are the buyers.
Mr. Pollet and Dr. Nettle were looking for evidence to support the contention that women choose men of high status and resources, as well as good looks. That may sound common sense, but it was often denied by social scientists until a group of researchers who called themselves evolutionary psychologists started investigating the matter two decades ago. Since then, a series of experiments in laboratories have supported the contention. But as all zoologists know, experiments can only tell you so much. Eventually, you have to look at natural populations.
And that is what Mr. Pollet and Dr. Nettle have done. They have examined data from the 1910 census of the United States of America and discovered that marriage is, indeed, a market. Moreover, as in any market, a scarcity of buyers means the sellers have to have particularly attractive goods on offer if they are to make the exchange.
The advantage of picking 1910 was that America had not yet settled down, demographically (人口统计学方面) speaking. Though the long-colonized eastern states had a sex ratio of one man to one woman, or thereabouts, in the rest of the country the old adage(格言，谚语)"go west, young man" had resulted in a surplus of males. Mr. Pollet and Dr. Nettle were thus able to see just how picky women are, given the chance.
Rather than looking at the whole census, the two researchers relied on a sample of one person in 250.They then assigned the men in the sample a socioeconomic status score between zero and 96, on a scale drawn up in 1950.They showed that in states where the sexes were equal in number, 56% of low status men were married by the age of 30, while 60% of high status men were. As the men went west, then, so did their marriage opportunities.
47. A paper published in Biology Letters agreed with women that _____ .
48. What is the contention which is often denied by social scientists?
49. Although the experiments support the contention, all zoologists suggest that .
50. In the market of marriage, a scarcity of buyers means sellers have to to make the exchange.
51. What had given two researchers the chance to see how picky women were?
Section B
Passage one
Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.
With the possible exception of equal rights, perhaps the most controversial issue across the United States today is the death penalty. Many argue that it is an effective deterrent (威慑) to murder, while others maintain there is no convincing evidence that the death penalty reduces the number of murders.
The principal argument advanced by those opposed to the death penalty, basically, is that it is cruel and inhuman punishment, which is the mark of a brutal society, and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to crime anyway.
In our opinion, the death penalty is a necessary evil. Throughout recorded history there have always been those extreme individuals in every society who were capable of terribly violent crimes such as murder. But some are more extreme than others.
For example, it is one thing to take the life of another in a fit of blind rage, but quite another to coldly plot and carry out the murder of one or more people in the style of a butcher. Thus, murder, like all other crimes, is a matter of relative degree. While it could be argued with some conviction that the criminal in the first instance should be merely isolated from society, such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer.
The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to debate. But the overwhelming majority of citizens believe that the death penalty protects them. Their belief is reinforced by evidence which shows that the death penalty deters murder. For example, from 1954 to 1963, when the death penalty was consistently imposed in California, the murder rate remained between three and four murders for each 100,000 population. Since 1964 the death penalty has been imposed only once, and the murder rate has risen to 10.4 murders for each 100,000 population. The sharp climb in the state's murder rate, which began when executions stopped, is no coincidence. It is convincing evidence that the death penalty does deter many murderers. If the bill reestablishing the death penalty is vetoed, innocent people will be murdered-some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect. This is literally a life or death matter. The lives of thousands of innocent people must be protected.
52. The principal purpose of this passage is to .
A) speak for the majority B) initiate a veto
C) criticize the government D) argue for the value of the death penalty
53. The author's response to those who urge the death penalty for all is likely to be .
A) negative B) friendly C) supportive D) hostile
54. According to the Paragraph 4, it can be inferred that .
A) the death penalty is the most controversial issue in the United States today
B) the second type of murderers should be sentenced to death
C) the veto of the bill reestablishing the death penalty is of little importance
D) the value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime is not to be debated
55. The passage attempts to establish a relationship between .
A) the murder rate and the imposition of the death penalty
B) the effects of execution and the effects of isolation
C) the importance of equal rights and that of the death penalty
D) executions and murders
56. The author's attitude towards "death penalty" is .
A) opposing B) supporting C) neutral D) sarcastic
Passage Two
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
One positive consequence of our current national crisis may be at least a temporary shadow in Hollywood's culture of violence. Fearful of offending audiences in the wake of the terrorist attack, some moviemakers have postponed the release of film with terrorist themes. Television writers are delaying scripts with warlike and terrorist scenarios (剧本提纲).It is probably good thinking. My local video store tells me nobody is checking out "disaster" movies. Says the manager, "Currently, people want comedy. They want an escape from stories about violence and terrorism." Similarly, in the music business, there's a run on patriotic and inspirational tapes and CDs.
According to The New York Times, the self scrutiny among these czars (特权人物) of mass-entertainment taste is unprecedented in scale, sweeping aside hundreds of millions of dollars in projects that no longer seem appropriate. A reasonable concern is that this might be a short term phenomenon. Once life returns to something more normal, will Hollywood return to its bad old ways? The Times offers a glimmer of hope. The industry's titans (巨头),it suggests, are struggling with much more difficulties, long range questions of what the public will want once the initial shock from the terrorist attacks wears off. Many in the industry admit they do not know where the boundaries of taste and consumer tolerance now lie.
This is an opportunity for some of us to suggest to Hollywood where that boundary of consumer tolerance is, especially those of us who have not yet convinced Hollywood to cease its descent into ever lower of the dumbness of our young.
The nonprofit Parents Television Council, which monitors the quality of TV programming, says in its latest report that today's TV shows are more laced than ever with vulgarities, sexual immorality, crudities, violence, and foul language. The traditional family hour between 8p.m.and 9p.m., when the networks used to offer programs for the entire family, has disappeared. The problem looks like it will get worse.
That certainly looked to be the case before the Sept.11th assault. One pre attack New York Times story reported that TV producers were crusading (讨伐) for scripts that include every crude word imaginable. The struggles between net-work censors and producers, according to the report, were "growing more intense". Producers like Aaron Sorkin of "The West Wing" planned to keep pushing hard. He was quoted as saying," There's absolutely no reason why we can't use the language of adulthood in programs that are about adults".
My guess is that a lot of adults don't use the language Mr. Sorkin wants to use, and don't enjoy having their children hear it. At this moment of crisis in our nation's history, thought has become more thoughtful, prayerful, and spiritual. It may be the time to tell the entertainment industry that we want not a temporary pause in the flow of tastelessness, but a long term clean-up.
57. Some filmmakers hesitate to release new films with violent content because .
A) they want to show themselves to be patriots
B) they are afraid such films may anger audiences
C) films with violence in them are no longer popu1ar
D) films with terrorist themes are reflections on violence.
58. The "self-scrutiny" in the second paragraph refers to filmmakers attempt to .
A) produce appropriate films with no violent content for the audiences
B) prevent themselves from slipping into their old bad ways
C) understand to what extent their films have contributed to the national crisis
D) find out where the boundaries of taste and consumer tolerance lie
59. The author thinks that it is time for the general audience to .
A) tell filmmakers where the boundaries of their taste lie
B) point out to Hollywood how bad their films are
C) accuse the filmmakers of desensitizing their children
D) ask filmmakers to make films that reflect traditional family life
60. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Aaron Sorkin?
A) He is strongly against using crude language in films.
B) He starts the struggles between network censors and producer.
C) He insists no restraint be set to the language used in films.
D) He believes that it is time to clean up the entertainment industry.
61. The author's purpose in writing this passage is .
A) to acknowledge the current practice of the entertainment industry
B) to show his admiration for the current practice of the entertainment industry
C) to accuse the entertainment industry of their current practice
D) to show tolerance of the current practice of the entertainment industry
Part III cloze (15 minutes)
Public image refers to how a company is viewed by its customers, suppliers, and stockholders, by the financial community, by the communities 62 it operates, and by federal and local governments. Public image is controllable 63 considerable extent, just as the product, price, place, and promotional efforts are.
A firm's public image plays a vital role in the 64 of the firm and its products to employees, customers, and to such outsiders 65 stockholders, suppliers, creditors, government officials, as well as 66 special groups. With some things it is impossible to 67 all the diverse publics: for example, a new highly automated plant may meet the approval of creditors and stockholders, 68 it will undoubtedly find 69 from employees who see their jobs 70 .On the other hand, high quality products and service standards should bring almost complete approval, 71 low quality products and 72 claims would be widely looked down upon.
A firm's public image, if it is good, should be treasured and protected. It is a valuable 73 that usually is built up over a long and satisfying relationship of a firm with publics. If a firm has learned a quality image, this is not easily 74 or imitated by competitors. Such an image may enable a firm to 75 higher prices, to win the best distributors and dealers, to attract the best employees, to expect the most 76 creditor relationships and lowest borrowing costs. It should also allow the firm's stock to command higher price-earnings 77 than other firms in the same industry with such a good reputation and public image.
A number of factors affect the public image of a corporation. 78 include physical 79, contacts of outsiders 80 company employees, product quality and dependability, prices 81 to competitors, customer service, the kind of advertising and the media and programs used, and the use of public relations and publicity.
62. A) which B) what C) where D) whom
63. A) in B) within C) on D) to
64. A) attraction B) attachment C) affection D) generalization
65. A) and B) with C) as D) for
66. A) converse B) diverse C) reverse D) universe
67. A) satisfy B) treat C) amuse D) entertain
68. A) so B) then C) thus D) but
69. A) support B) identification C) compliment D) resistance
70. A) ensured B) promoted C) threatened D) unemployed
71. A) because B) while C) though D) when
72. A) false B) fake C) artificial D) counterfeit
73. A) fortune B) asset C) possession D) property
74. A) countered B) defeated C) repelled D) compelled
75. A) pay B) get C) order D) charge
76. A) favorite B) prosperous C) favorable D) prospective
77. A) rate B) ratio C) ration D) interest
78. A) These B) They C) That D) It
79. A) appliances B) equipment C) devices D) facilities
80. A) on B) with C) in D) along
81. A) relative B) related C) reliable D) reconcilable
Translation:
缺乏蛋白质和铁会使你的头发失去光泽。 (lack of)
轻松的音乐和充足的休息是舒缓压力的良方。 (stress)
保持自然平衡是我们的职责。(balance)
饮食平衡是保持健康生活方式的关键。(balanced)
夺得英语演讲比赛第一名后，他感到高兴极了。 (on top of)
已经采取所有必要的措施来确保他们的安全。(ensure)
Test 2
25-29 AABBC 30-34 CBCAC 35-40 DCBCCD
Reading
47. dating is like a cattle market
48. Women choose men of high status，resources and good looks
49. you have to look at natural populations
50. be particularly attractive
51. A surplus of males.
52.-56 DABAB 57-61 BDACC
CLOZE 1-5 CDACB 6-10 ADDCB 11-15 ABADC 16-20 BBDBA
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