2018-2019年上海中考仿真模拟卷试卷10
Par
t 2 Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary
(第二部分 语音、语法和词汇)
Ⅱ. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（共20分）
26、Which of the following words is pronounces as /set/?
A、sit
B、set
C、seat
D、sat
【答案】B
27、Our English teacher asked us to write ______ 80-word passage yesterday afternoon.
A、a
B、an
C、the
D、 /
【答案】B
28、My brother wants to work______an astronaut when he grows up.
A、in
B、for
C、as
D、like
【答案】C
29、We all respect policemen and firemen because they think more of others than______.
A、them
B、themselves
C、their
D、theirs
【答案】B
30、______college students will be sent to the west after they graduate.
A、 A number of
B、 Much
C、 The number of
D、 A huge amount of
【答案】A
31、There are many beautiful trees on______side of the road.
A、both
B、either
C、neither
D、all
【答案】B
32、The children always spend up to 1-2 hours every day______TV.
A、to watch
B、to watching
C、watching
D、watch
【答案】C
33、The fruit salad tasted so______that the children asked for more.
A、delicious
B、well
C、bad
D、badly
【答案】A
34、The red car is as______as that one, but it uses less gas, so I'll take it.
A、expensive
B、less expensive
C、more expensive
D、the most expensive
【答案】A
35、The physics problem is so difficult that______students can work it out without help.
A、little
B、a little
C、few
D、a few
【答案】C
36、Has the plane from Beijing______? I'm looking forward to meeting my old friends.
A、got to
B、reached
C、arrived
D、arrived in
【答案】C
37、My uncle______with my family for two years. We love him very much.
A、is staying
B、was staying
C、stays
D、has stayed
【答案】D
38、You have already tried your best, so you______worry about the matter.
A、can't
B、needn't
C、mustn't
D、couldn't
【答案】B
39、Shirley______a book about China last year, but I don't know whether she has finished it.
A、has written
B、was writing
C、wrote
D、had written
【答案】C
40、Work hard now, ______you will make great progress in the future.
A、or
B、but
C、so
D、and
【答案】D
41、These photographs will show you ______.
A、what does Baoshan New Area look like
B、what Baoshan New Area looks like
C、how does Baoshan New Area look like
D、how Baoshan New Area looks like
【答案】B
42、Obey the traffic rules and learn to protect yourself. ______ is more important than life.
A、Nothing
B、Something
C、Everything
D、Anything
【答案】A
43、You shouldn't______two hundred dollars for this coat.
A、pay
B、cost
C、spend
D、take
【答案】A
44、It is raining heavily. So the school sports meeting must be______.
A、put off
B、put up
C、put out
D、put down
【答案】A
45、--- Do you mind if I sit here?
--- ______. It's for Mr. Smith.
A、Not at all
B、Never mind
C、Better not
D、Yes, of course
【答案】C
【押题理由】本篇语法填空涉及到语音、词汇、句法，其中对于词类的考查比较全面，而且难度适中，适合中考前模拟练习。
Ⅲ. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格，每个单词或词组只能天一次）：（共8分）
|
A.team B. important C. usually D. learn about E. something |
American students can join many kinds of clubs in their school, about forty to fifty kinds. There are academic clubs, art clubs, sports and so on.
In academic club, the students can (46) _________ Science, Maths, computer, writing and so on. In the art club, the students can learn to draw. If you like sports, you can join the sports club. It has a basketball (47) _________, a football club, a tennis club and so on.
When the new term begin every year, students can join the clubs, and they need only to pay 4 to 5 dollars every year. If the clubs need money, they often sell (48) _________. American students all think the students’ clubs are very(49) _________ for their development.
|
A. full of B. playing C. confident D. happily E. skills |
Different people have different hobbies. Some people prefer to collect stamps or posters of movie stars, others like sports very much. As for me, playing tennis is my favorite sport.
I can’t remember the exact time when I started playing it for the first time, but I have played it for many years. When I was a green hand，I asked my father to teach me. Now I have learned a lot of (50) _________ and play much better than my father and most of my classmates.
Playing tennis can make me feel (51) _________ energy. Playing tennis is a good way for me to refresh myself and become (52) _________ and courageous. Tennis lights up my life. I will continue (53) _________ it in my free time. I hope more people can enjoy the happiness by having some kind of sport.
【答案】46-49 DAEB 50-53 EACB
【分析】
46.考察动词词组，根据句意“在文学俱乐部，学生可以_______科学，数学，电脑等等”所以用学习符合句意，故选D。
47. 考察名词，根据句意“如果你喜欢运动，可以加入运动俱乐部，俱乐部有一个篮球_______，一个足球队等等”，可知team最符合句意，故选A。
48.考察不定代词，根据句意“如果俱乐部需要钱，他们经常会卖_______”，可知something 最符合句意，故选E。
49.考察形容词，根据句意“所有的美国学生都认为学生的俱乐部对他们的发展很_______”，可知important最符合句意，故选B。
50.考察名词，根据句意“现在我学习了很多_______，并且我的网球大的比我的爸爸和大部分同学都要好”，可知sills符合题意，故选E。
51. 考察固定搭配，根据句意“打网球让我_______精力”，be full of …充满了…故选A。
52. 考察形容词，根据句意“打网球是一个让我充满活力的很好的方法，让我变得_______，勇敢”，可知confident最符合题意，故选C。
53. 考察动词，根据句意“在空闲的时候，我将会继续_______网球”，continue doing sth. 意为继续做某事，故选B。
【押题理由】
难度适中，新词量较少，文章易理解，贴合学生的生活，综合考察学生的动词，名词，形容词以及固定搭配的运用。
IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their suitable forms. （用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子）（共8分）
54. In fact, trying to force a change in people’s behavior will often make them behave__________than before. (bad)
55.I don’t feel ready to take on those new__________. (responsible)
56.I’m__________ sorry that things had to end like this. (true)
57.The poor had to leave their home early every morning to catch fish.(fish)
58.It will be my mother’s birthday next Saturday.(fifty)
59.As a servant, you should try to serve your guests . (faith)
60.His daughter is and she takes care of herself very well.(depend)
61.Father’s roar made the little kid . (frighten)
54.【答案】worse
【分析】考查形容词的比较级，bad的比较级为worse。
55.【答案】responsibilities
【分析】考查名词复数，responsibility的复数为responsibilities。
56.【答案】truly
【分析】副词修饰动词，因此要填写true的副词truly，注意要去e。
57.【答案】fishermen
【分析】根据句意、形修名原则及their可知，应当填表示人的名词复数fishermen。
58.【答案】fiftieth
【分析】sb’s + 序数词 + birthday表示“某人....的生日”，故填fiftieth。
59.【答案】faithfully
【分析】副修动，故填faithfully修饰serve，表示“忠诚的”。
60.【答案】independent
【分析】根据is可知，此句缺表语，由句意，应填形容词independent，表示“独立的”。
61.【答案】frightened
【分析】make sb. + adj.表示“使某人....”，故此空填修饰人的形容词”。
【押题理由】
本题难度适中，考察了形容词，副词，序数词等相关考点，要求学生辨析清楚词性和词型，认真审题，不粗心。
V. Complete the following sentence as required. (根据所给要求，改写下列句子) （共14分）
62.The students in our school have seven classes every day. (改为否定句)
The students in our school _______ _________seven classes every day.
63.Did they grow trees on both sides of the bank last week? (改为被动语态)
trees on both sides of the bank last week?
64.I must say sorry for my mistakes.(保持句意基本不变)
I must_____ ______my mistakes.
65.Peter has lived in New York for nearly four years.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______has Peter lived in New York?
66.When will they grow vegetables? Dick wanted to know.(改为宾语从句)
Dick wanted to know______ they________grow vegetables.
67.Damin's wife smiles happily in the photo. (改为感叹句)
Damin's wife smiles in the photo!
68. the, raise, held, disaster, a charity show, to, money, for, in, the, CCTV, people(连词成句)
_____________________________________________________________
63.【答案】don't have
【分析】肯定句改为否定句，主语the students是复数，时间状语every day可以推出句子是一般现在时，谓语动词前加助动词don't进行否定。
64.【答案】Were; grown
【分析】根据题目要求改为被动语态，被动语态结构为be done。故答案为Were grown。
65.【答案】apologize for
【分析】say sorry for= apologize for 意为“因……而道歉”。
66.【答案】How long
【分析】对for+一段时间进行提问，表示动作持续的时间长度，用how long。
67.【答案】when would
【分析】特殊疑问句改为宾语从句时，连接词不变，主句是过去时态，则从句因应用相应的过去时态。
68.【答案】CCTV held a charity show to raise money for the people in the disaster.
【分析】根据句型结构及句意表达判断出句子。
【押题理由】
本题考查学生综合运用能力，包括否定句转换，主动语态变被动语态，同意句型转换，宾语从句，特殊疑问句考点。
Part 3 Reading and writing(第三部分 读写)
VI. Reading comprehension (阅读理解)（共50分）
A. Choose the best answer.（选择最恰当的答案）（12分）
For 99% of human history, people took their food from the world around them. They ate all that they could find, and then moved on. Then about 10,000 years ago, or for 1 % of human history, people learned to farm the land.
The kind of food we eat depends on which part of the world we live in, or which part of our country we live in. For example, in the south of China they eat rice, but in the north they eat noodles. In European countries near the sea, people eat a lot of fishes. In central (中部) Europe, away from the sea, people don't eat so much fish, they eat more meat. In Germany and Poland there are hundreds of different kinds of sausages.
In North America, Australia, and Europe, people eat with knives and forks. In China, people eat with chopsticks. In parts of India and the Middle East people use their fingers and bread to pick up food.
Nowadays it is possible to transport (运输) food easily from one part of the world to the other. We can eat what we like, when we like, at any time of the year. In Britain, bananas come from Africa; rice comes from India or the USA; strawberries come from Chile or Spain. Food is very big business. But people in poor countries are still hungry, and people in rich countries eat too much.
10,000 years ago, people______.
learned to farm the land
cooked different kinds of food
couldn't find food around them
transported food from one country to another
In central Europe, away from the sea, people eat______.
more noodles
much fish
more meat
much rice
In North America, Australia, and Europe, people______.
eat with chopsticks
eat with knives and forks
use their fingers to pick up food
use bread to pick up food
______have many kinds of sausages.
Chile and Spain
America and Australia
China and Japan
Germany and Poland
Which of the following sentences is NOT true?
A. What we eat depends on where we live.
B. Poor countries are still having food problems.
C. Rich countries don't need food from other countries.
D. Nowadays we can eat what we like at any time of the year.
74. Which is the best title of this passage?
A. Ways to Find Food
B. Food Around the World
C. Food Choices
D. World Food Problems
【答案】69-74 ACBDCB
【解析】
69.本题答案为A。大约在10,000年前，人类学会了自己耕种土地来获取食物，而不再像过去那样只靠寻找周围的食物生存(Then about 10,000 years ago,…people learned to farm the land.)。所以，本题答案为A.learned to farm the land。
70.本题答案为C。在欧洲中部，因为那里远离大海，人们鱼吃得很少，而吃更多的肉(In central Europe, away from the sea，people don't eat so much fish，they eat more meat.)。所以，本题答案为C.more meat。
71.本题答案为B。不同国家和地区的人的餐具是不同的。例如：中国人习惯用筷子吃饭(In China, people eat with chopsticks.)。但是在北美、澳大利亚和欧洲，人们喜欢用刀和叉吃东西(In North America, Australia, and Europe, people eat with knives and forks. )。所以，本题答案为B.eat with knives and forks。
72.本题答案为D。人们的食物种类取决于你居住在世界的哪个位置，或取决于你居住在这个国家的什么地区(The kind of food we eat depends on which part of the world we live in, or which part of our country we live in.)。在德国和波兰，有着许多种香肠(In Germany and Poland there are hundreds of different kinds of sausages.）。所以，本题答案为D. Germany and Poland。
73.本题答案为C。本题要求在四个选项中选出“不正确(NOT true)”的一个。选项A和短文内容一致，我们所吃的取决于我们居住在哪里(The kind of food we eat depends on which part of the world we live in, or which part of our country we live in.)；选项B也和内容一致，贫穷国家仍然存在食品问题(But people in poor countries are still hungry)；选项D，也和内容一致，因为如今交通运输很方便；我们可以在一年的任何时候吃到我们想吃的东西。选项C是不正确的，根据例子，英国的许多食品就来自不同的国家，而不是C项所表示的富裕国家不需要从别的国家获得食品。所以，本题答案为C．Rich countries don't need food from other countries。
74.本题答案为B。本题要求为短文选一个标题( title)。通过对文章的整体理解得知，选项A.Ways to Find Food(食物的寻找方式）；选项C. Food Choices（食物选择）；选项D. World Food Problem（世界的食物问题）都不是本文的主要内容。只有选项B. Food Around the World（世界上的食物）符合文章内容。所以，本题答案为B. Food Around the World。
【押题理由】
本篇阅读考查学生的理解能力，要求学生能从文中提取有效的信息，而且本篇阅读涉及到文化层面对考生有一定的难度。
B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)（12分）
It was a busy morning, about 8:30, when an elderly gentleman in his 80s,came to the hospital. I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry as he had an appointment at 9:00 am.
The nurse had him take a seat in the waiting area, telling him it would be at least 40 minutes (75)________ someone would be able to see him. I saw him looking at his watch and, since I was not busy –my patient didn’t (76)________ at point hours, I would exam his wound. While taking care of his wound, I asked him if he had another doctor's appointment.
The gentleman told me no and told me that he needed to go to the nursing home to eat breakfast with his wife. He told me that she had been there for a while and that she has special disease. I asked if she would be (77)________ if he was a bit late. He replied that she no longer knew who he was, that she had not been able to (78)________ him in five years now. I was surprised, and asked him, "And you still go every morning, even though she doesn't know who you are?"
He smiled as he patted my hand and said, "She doesn't know me, but I know who she is." I had to hold back tears as he left, Now I realize that in marriages, true love is acceptance an acceptance of all that is, the happiest people don't (79)________ have the best of everything; they just (80)________ the best of everything they have. Life isn’t about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the rain.
75. A. if B. before C. since D. after
76. A. turn up B. show off C. come on D. go away
77. A. lonely B. worried C. doubtful D. hungry
78. A. believe B. answer C. recognize D. expect
79. A. completely B. naturally C. necessarily D. frequently
80. A. learn B. make C. favor D. try
【答案】75-80 BABCCB
【分析】
考察连词，A.如果，B.在…之前，C.自从，既然，D在…之后，通过句意理解“老人被告知需要等40分钟，在有医生接待他之前”，所以答案是B。
考查动词词组，A.出现，B.炫耀，C.来，D.走开，需要熟悉这些短语意思，然后根据句意的理解“既然我的病人还没有来，那我可以去接待这位老人家”，可知答案是A。
考察形容词，A.可爱的，B.担心的，C.怀疑的，D.饥饿的，根据意思理解，“作问老人着急回家，是不是怕老伴担心他”，所以答案是B。
考查动词，A.相信，B.回答，C.辨别，D.期待，根据上文的提示，老人的老伴不认识他，那这句话的意思是“她在五年后估计也不会认识他”，所以答案是C。
考查动词，A.完全地，B.自然地，C.有必要地，D.流畅地，此处有点难度，“最乐观的人不必要有一切最好的东西”，答案是C。
考察副词，A.学习，B.利用，C.支持，D.尝试，根据句意“他们只是_______他们所拥有的一切”，答案是B。
【押题理由】
本文难度适中，主要考察动词，形容词副词，动词词组的运用，学生仔细审题，综合考察上下文，选出最佳答案。
C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)（共14分）
Should we use nuclear energy?
Right now, the biggest source of energy in the world is fossil fuel (化石燃料). Fossil fuels are oil, gas, and coal. More than 80 percent of the world's energy comes from fossil fuel.
There are many problems with fossil fuel. One problem is that when fossil fuel is burned, it pollutes the air. Also, when we take fossil fuel from the Earth, we often(81）c_________ a lot of damage. Another problem is that were running out of it. That's why we need new sources of energy.
A big (82)s________of energy for many countries is nuclear power. Thirty-one countries use nuclear power. A lot of ships also use it.
Nuclear power has some(83)a_________. First of all, we can't run out of nuclear power. Nuclear power does not make the air dirty. Also, if a country has nuclear power, it doesn't need to buy as(84)m_________oil from other countries.
However, there are also a lot of problems that come with nuclear power. For example, nuclear accidents are very serious. In 1986, there was a nuclear accident in Russia. In the next 20 years, about 4,000 people got sick and died. In 2011 there was (85) a_________very serious nuclear accident in Japan. That was more than three years ago, but Japan is still trying to clean up the nuclear (86) w_________ from the accident.
Many people don't want nuclear power in their countries. They say that it's not safe. A lot of people want their countries to use safer and cleaner ways to get electricity. There have been protests (反对) against nuclear energy in the United States, Russia, France, Japan, India, and many other countries.
(87) A_________ many people hate nuclear energy, more and more countries are using it. One for this is that the world is using more and more energy. We just don’t have enough fossil. However, if we use nuclear power, then we may have more serious problems in the future.
81.c_______ 82.s_______ 83.a_______ 84.m_______ 85.a_______ 86.w_______ 87.A_______
【答案】81-87. cause , source, advantages, much ,another , waste , Although
【解析】
81.根据句子成分，考查动词。根据句意，“当地球上的人用过多的化学燃料，势必会给地球造成危害”。因此填入cause。
82.根据句子成分，考查名词。根据句意，“来自许多国家的一个大的能量来源是核能源。”a source of energy 能量来源。因此填入source。
83.根据句子成分，考查名词。联系上下文，谈到的都是核能的好处，例如干净，无污染。因此填入advantages。
84.根据句子成分，考查名词。根据句意：“如果一个国家有核能源，它就不需要像其他国家购买很多油”固定搭配 as much .... as... 像……一样多。因此填入much。
85.根据句子成分，考查代词。联系上下文，都是在说核能的问题，所以在2011年，应该是在日本发生了另一个事故。因此填入another。
86根据句子成分，考查名词。根据句意“核事故是发生在三十年前，但是日本仍然在清理来自核事故的核垃圾。”clean up the nuclear waste 清理核垃圾。因此填入waste。
87.根据句子成分，考查连词。根据句意“尽管很多人讨厌核能，还是有很多国家不得不使用它”。因此填入Although。
【押题理由】
本文体裁是说明文。考察了名词，动词，连词，代词等考点，需要学生仔细判断词性，注意固定句型，并注意名词复数等词型的变化。
D.Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答下列问题)：（共12分）
You may think that inventions are far away from your everyday life. But in fact, almost everyone can invent. It's just that they do not recognize that their idea could be the start of an invention. Once inventors see their ideas have some practical value, they don't let them slip away.
For example, the inventors of the dishwasher, American Josephine Cochrane, loved to give dinner parties. But she found it took too long to wash her dishes by hand and too many of them broke. She decided that a machine could do the job faster and with fewer mistakes. So, in 1886, she set out to make one for herself.
Most inventions are created to solve a problem. So, the first and most important step is to find the problem. Start by looking at what is wrong with things you see now and ask people around if they remember ever saying, "I wish someone would invent something for ..." Then you might notice situations or things in need of improvement.
The next step is to think about possible solutions. An invention is a new way of solving a problem. You can often come up with a solution to a problem if you think about it in a new way.
When you try to invent things, you actually use a problem-solving technique. This problem-solving technique includes two parts: ____________and___________. It can work in your everyday lives. So, why not try it in your studies, in your relationship with others, or even in the way you look at the world?
Inventions are close to our daily life, aren’t they?
____________________________________________________________
What was the problem that Cochrane found in her life?
____________________________________________________________
According to the passage, why do people create things?
____________________________________________________________
How can we find a problem?
____________________________________________________________
Complete the sentence in the last paragraph.
____________________________________________________________
What do you want to invent for your everyday life? Why? (Give at least two reasons)
____________________________________________________________
【答案】
Yes, they are.
She found it took too long to wash her dishes by hand and too many of them broke.
To solve a problem
By looking at what is wrong with things and asking people around what they wish someone would invent.
This problem-solving technique includes finding the problem and coming up with a solution.
Any reasonable answer is acceptable.
【分析】
88.根据第一段，“But in fact, almost everyone can invent.”，应填写Yes, they are.
89.根据第二段，“But she found it took too long to wash her dishes by hand and too many of them broke.”，应填写She found it took too long to wash her dishes by hand and too many of them broke.
90.根据第三段，“Most inventions are created to solve a problem.”， 应填写To solve a problem.
91.根据第三段，“Start by looking at what is wrong with things you see now and ask people around if they remember ever saying,!”, 应填写By looking at what is wrong with things and asking people around what they wish someone would invent.
92. 根据第前面几段的内容，综合概括内容，应填写This problem-solving technique includes finding the problem and coming up with a solution.
93. Any reasonable answer is acceptable.
【押题理由】
本题是说明问体裁，考察了反意疑问句，特殊疑问句，以及对上文综合性概括填写句子，联系实际情况判断并写明理由的考点。需要学生注意看清楚问题的考点和句型，针对性作答，注意细节，避免粗心
VII. Writing(作文) (共20分)
94.Write a passage of at least 60 words on the topic“I Have a Dream”.（以“我有一个梦想”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。）
（注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。）
Sentence patterns for reference（以下句型仅供参考）
◆My dream is to be…／to do…／to go…
◆I enjoy／like／prefer…
◆To make my dream come true, I…
◆If my dream comes true,…
【参考范文】
I Have a Dream
Like many other people, I also have a dream. I hope to be a famous football star. Why? Because football is played all over the world and I love the flowers and cheers. I think it's wonderful to have a lot of fans who love you and support you. Besides, if I become a world-famous star like Yao Ming or Liu Xiang, I can let the world know more about China, such as Chinese traditions and culture. From now on. I must study hard and play football better. I am sure to make my dream come true. (97 words)
【押题理由】
题目是”I Have a Dream”。每个学生都会有梦想，都对自己的未来有着美好的憧憬，写作材料做到了人人有话可说，应该不成问题。试题中附的四个句型也足以启发学生的思路。但在仅仅60字的短文中，学生要做到内容充实、不写废话，用语规范、表达准确，并做到上下文连贯。
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