2017-2018 学年上海市闵行区七宝中学高二（上）开学英语试卷

II. Grammar and Vocabulary（30）Section ADirections： After reading the passages below， fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.

1．（10 分）The Greek myths are almost a myth themselves．

 

The great dramatists Sophocles，Aeschylus and Euripides drew on the myths，（1）       did the Romans after them．Since then，poets，painters，sculptors，novelists﹣and later on， filmmakers and even comic strip authors﹣（2）     （find） inspiration in them．Remember film Troy （2004）starring Brad Pitt？That movie remade The Iliad，Homer's e t of the Trojan Wars．

Greek myths came from oral stories．In the beginning，people told these tales to（3） ． They didn't read them in books or watch them in the theater．It seems that （4）  we write ， paint or make films ﹣ or simply just enjoy these products ﹣ the Greek myths have a special resonance．

The names and the stories （5）     be old，but the myths continue to be relevant．We can still be moved by beauty，like the story of Paris when he stole the gorgeous Helen away from her husband in Troy．

We feel pain in our hearts （6）  we remember our family and friends back home．We can therefore readily understand Odysseus﹣"（7）  （separate） from his wife and son for a decade﹣and his desperation to get home．

The everyday life of western culture （8）  （mark） by the Greek myths in all sorts of ways．Just look up into the night sky﹣names of the stars and constellations you see come from Greek characters．

In English， we say someone who makes money easily has"the Midas touch"． But often， character from Greek mythology，who turns  （9）  he touches into gold．Even the products we buy in supermarkets have names （10）  （inspire） by the Greeks．

2．（3 分）Vast deserts，magic carpets，and the legend of Aladdin's lamp．For most Chinese people， Saudi Arabia is a faraway land （1）  （exist） only in bedtime stories．

However，connections between the two countries （2） （date） back to ancient times． The economic and cultural ties between the Tang Dynasty and the Arabian empire reached their height in the 9th century．Paper﹣making workshops thrived in  （3）  is now Saudi Arabia while Arabian knowledge of math ， astronomy and medicine spread to the Middle Kingdom．

These exchanges，（4）  （record） by Arabian merchants sailing along the ancient

 

Maritime Silk Road，became material for folk tales （5）  the One Thousand and One Nights stories．

Fast forward a millennium，the relationship between a modern Saudi Arabia and a progressive China （6）  （enter） a new era，thanks to the Belt and Road Initiative proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013 ． Saudi Arabia is one of the first countries （ 7 ）

（respond） positively to the Belt and Road initiative．In terms of strategic location，Saudi Arabia serves as the central hub （8） （connect） three continents﹣Asia，Africa and Europe﹣and has been an important part of the initiative．

In fact，（9）   they built diplomatic ties in 1990，the two countries have seen a sound development of partnerships．In 2015，China became Saudi Arabia's largest trade partner，while Saudi Arabia has been China's biggest crude oil supplier and largest trade partner in West Asia and Africa for years．（10）        the economic gains，citizens in both countries also benefit from cultural and academic exchanges．

Section B Directions ： Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox ．

 

Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce．Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed．

 

3．（10 分）

 

A．subject	B．equal	C．monitoring	D．fitness	AB．proposes
		AC．motivate
AD．debate	BC．spread	BD．experimenting	CD．pushes	ABC．results

A new analysis of the running habits of over a million people showed that exercise is contagious﹣though this depends on who's spreading it．

For the study ， two scientists  from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology used   （ 1 ）

 

tracker data to study the running habits of around 1.1 million people ， who have around

3.4million social network connections．Over five years，the  （2）  ran a collective 350million kilometers，and their runs were posted online for their friends to see．

The researchers found an additional kilometer run by friends influences an individual to run an additional 0.3kilometers．An additional kilometer per minute run by friends  （3）  a person to run an additional 0.3kilometers per minute faster than usual．And if those friends run an extra 10minutes， that person is likely to run about three minutes longer than they would

have．The influencing effect is strongest on the same day （4）       are posted and appears

 

to diminish with time，the authors wrote．

 

The findings suggested that a runner's peers did influence him or her to run more，but not all users exerted  （5）  influence on their buddies．Individuals were more likely to be encouraged by less active peers than by more active ones．

"Social comparisons may provide an explanation for these results，"the study's authors wrote． This theory，they added，"（6）  that we self﹣evaluate by comparing ourselves to others．"

But do we make comparisons to peers performing better than us ， or to those performing worse？That's been a subject of （7） ，the researchers said．

Comparisons to those ahead of us  may  （8） our own self﹣improvement，while comparisons to those behind us may create competitive behavior to protect one's superiority． The findings show how effective  （9）  these real﹣time networks may be to help scientists design different methods to minimize the impact of social ills and maximize the

（10）  of social benefits．

 

III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （30）Directions： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

4．（15 分）The modern Olympic Games，founded in 1896，began as contests between individuals， rather than among nations，with the hope of promoting world peace through sportsmanship．In the beginning，the games were open only to  （1）  ．An amateur is a person whose involvement in an activity﹣from sports to science or the arts﹣is purely for  （2）  ． Amateurs，whatever their contributions to a field，expect to receive no form of compensation；

professionals，（3）  ，perform their work in order to earn a living．

From the perspective of many athletes，（4）  ，the Olympic playing field has been far from fair． Restricting the Olympics to amateurs has excluded the participation of many who could not afford to be （5） ．Countries have always desired to send their best athletes， not their （6）  ones，to the Olympic Games．

A slender and imprecise line separates what we call"financial support"from"earning money． "Do athletes"earn money"if they are reimbursed for travel expenses？What if they are paid for time lost at work or if they accept free clothing from a manufacturer or if they teach sports for  a living ？ The runner Eric Liddell was the son of poor missionaries ； in 1924the British Olympic Committee （7）       his trip to the Olympics，where he won a gold and a bronze

medal．College scholarships and support from the United States Olympic Committee made it

possible for American track stars Jesse Owens and Wilma Rudolph and speed skater Dan Jansen to train and compete．When the Soviet Union and its allies joined the games in 1952， the  （8）  of amateur became still less clear．Their athletes did not have to （9） work and training because as citizens in communist regimes ， their government financial support was not considered payment for jobs．

In 1971the International Olympic Committee （IOC） （10）  the word amateur from

 

the rules，making it easier for athletes to find th（e  11） necessary to train and compete．

 

In 1986，the IOC allowed professional athletes into the games．

 

There  are those  who  （ 12 ）  the disappearance of amateurism from the Olympic Games．For them the games （13）     something special when they became just another way for athletes to earn money．Others say that the designation（命名） of amateurism was always （14）  ； they argue that all competitors receive so much financial support as to make them paid professionals．Most agree，however，that the  （15）  over what constitutes（组成） an amateur will continue for a long time．

1．A．amateurs	B．professionals	C．men	D．women
2．A．survival	B．fame	C．profit	D．pleasure
3．A．at all costs	B．by contrast	C．as a result	D．at first
4．A．however	B．therefore	C．furthermore	D．instead
5．A．punished	B．trained	C．unpaid	D．educated

 

6．A．youngest	B．smartest	C．strongest	D．wealthiest
7．A．booked	B．extended	C．financed	D．cancelled
8．A．value	B．definition	C．origin	D．use
9．A．balance	B．begin	C．change	D．restrict
10．A．restored	B．created	C．removed	D．studied
11．A．field	B．support	C．organization	D．team
12．A．regret	B．investigate	C．explain	D．welcome
13．A．displayed	B．carried	C．retain	D．lost
14．A．reasonable	B．questionable	C．unbelievable	D．valuable
15．A．debate	B．complaint	C．concern	D．inquiry

 

5．（15 分）In 1965，17﹣year﹣old high school student Randy Gardner stayed awake for 264hours to see how he'd cope without sleep．On the second day，his eyes stopped focusing．Next，he lost the ability to  （1）  objects by touch．By day three，Gardner was moody and uncoordinated．At the end of the experiment，he was （2） to concentrate，had trouble with short﹣term memory and started hallucinating（出现幻觉）．Although Gardner recovered without long﹣term psychological or physical（3）      ，for others，sleeplessness can result in hormone（激素） imbalance，illness，and even death．

Sleep is （4）  ．Adults need 7to 8hours of sleep at night，and adolescents need about 10．In the United States，it's estimated that 30% of adults and 66% of adolescents are （5） sleep deprived．When we lose sleep，learning，memory，mood，and reaction time are affected． Sleeplessness may also cause inflammation，hallucinations，high blood pressure，and it's even been （6） to diabetes and obesity．

How can sleep （7） cause such enormous suffering？Scientists think the answer lies with the （8） of waste products in the brain．During our waking hours，our cells are busy using up our day's energy sources with get broken down into various by ﹣ products ， including adenosine（腺苷酸）．As adenosine builds up，it increases the（9） to sleep， also known as sleep pressure．In fact，caffeine works by （10） adenosine's receptor pathways．Other waste products also build up in the brain，and if they're not cleared away，they

collectively（11） the brain and are thought to lead to the many negative symptoms of sleep deprivation．

So，what's happening in our brain when we sleep，to prevent this？Scientists found something called the Lymphatic System，a clean﹣up mechanism（机能） that removes this build up and is much more  （12）  when we're asleep．It works by using cerebrospinal fluid（脑脊髓液） to flush away toxic by﹣products that accumulate between cells．Lymphatic vessels， which （13）  pathways for immune cells have recently been discovered in the brain， and they may also play a role in  （ 14）  the brain's daily waste products． While scientists continue exploring the restorative mechanisms behind sleep ， we can be sure that sleeping is a（n） （15）  if we want to maintain our health and our sanity．

1．A．produce	B．identify	C．move	D．discover
2．A．balancing	B．reminded	C．struggling	D．intended
3．A．ability	B．outcome	C．response	D．damage
4．A．essential	B．healthy	C．investigated	D．neglected
5．A．scarcely	B．temporarily	C．regularly	D．hopefully
6．A．occurred	B．linked	C．increased	D．developed
7．A．deprivation	B．sufficiency	C．absence	D．pressure
8．A．accumulation	B．discovery	C．resource	D．prevention
9．A．symptom	B．power	C．difficulty	D．urge
10．A．clearing	B．blocking	C．holding	D．assisting
11．A．overload	B．pollute	C．protect	D．explore
12．A．harmful	B．active	C．tense	D．necessary
13．A．serve as	B．block up	C．tear down	D．point to
14．A．analyzing	B．removing	C．following	D．dividing
15．A．system	B．priority	C．opportunity	D．necessity

Section B（28）Directions： Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you

have just read.

 

6．（9 分）Sunday，October 5 Clear，69°F

My wife，Eleanor，and I took the train from Paris to Strasbourg，where we were met by our driver and guide，and the minibus which goes along with the boat．We stopped off in Barn for an hour on the way．Then we were taken to Nancy where the boat was kept．

After the other passengers arrived，we had our first dinner on the boat．After dinner we walked into downtown Nancy，a village with a large square and wooden houses．

Monday，October 6

 

Rained last night，cloudy in the morning，69°F

 

We spent about two hours in Nancy，then sailed on the Canal de la Marne au Rhine．Kind of a lazy day，eating breakfast，lunch，and dinner．After dinner we watched a tape on Baccarat， which we will visit tomorrow．

It was pleasant to sit out on deck and watch the scenery go by at about 3mph． Tuesday，October 7

Light rain，64°F

 

This mourning we drove over to Baccarat and toured its museum and the church，which has this unbelievable lamp that is going on a world tour the next day．We did lots of shopping，then walked across the bridge to see a very， very modern Catholic church with special Baccarat windows．

We drove to the top of the Voges Mountains and started down the eastern side．Later we drove to Sorrenbourg to see the 13th century church at the Cordeliers．It contains the largest window by Marc Chagall﹣24feet wide by 40feet high．

Wednesday，October 8 Cloud，65°F

Today we sailed from Schneckenbush to Saverne．We went through two caves，an extremely unusual part of the journey．This river scenery is very different．We were in a mountain valley with grassland on one side and a forest beginning to show some color on the other． Thursday，October 9

Cloudy，66°F

Our dependable minibus was waiting to load the luggage and take us to the hotel where everyone went their separate ways．Our boating days are over until next time．

 

1. Where did the author get off the train？ 

 

A. Paris． B．Strasbourg． C．Nancy． D．Barn．

2. On which days did the tourists spend most of their time on the boat？ 

 

A. Monday and Tuesday．

 

B. Tuesday and Wednesday． C．Wednesday and Thursday． D．Monday and Wednesday．

3. From the text，we learn that Baccarat and Sorrenbourg are the names of  ． A．towns

B. churches C．museums D．mountains．

7．（12 分）Nowadays，people have a heated discussion on whether the pressure on international sports players kills the essence of sport﹣﹣﹣the pursuit of personal excellence．Children kick a football around for fun．When they get older and play for local school teams，they become competitive but they still enjoy playing．The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself； he has to think only about winning．He is responsible for the entire nation's hopes，dreams and reputation．

A good example is the football World Cup ． Football is the world's most important sport． Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success ． Mention Argentina to someone and the chances are that he'll think of football．In a sense，winning the World Cup put Argentina on the map．

Sports fans and supporters get quite irrational about the World Cup．People in England felt that

their country was somehow important after they won in 1966． Last year thousands of Scots

sold their cars，and even their houses，and spent all their money travelling to Argentina，where the finals were played．

So，am I arguing that international competition kills the idea of sport？ Certainly not!Do the Argentinians really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillful at football，their nation is in every way better than all others？Not really，but it's nice to know that you won and that in one way at least your country is the best．

 

1. According to the passage，if a sportsman only thinks about winning，he will  ． A．fail to succeed

B. lose enjoyment

 

C. achieve success

 

D. go unreasonable

 

2. The main idea of the first paragraph is that  ．

 

A．children take part in all kinds of sports because sports activities give them pleasure． B．competitions between different school teams make sports no longer a personal act for fun． C．some people believe that international competition makes sports a task，a responsibility， for the individuals．

D．some people think international competition is in a way opposite to the pursuit of personal excellence．

3. What does the speaker mean when he says"In a sense，winning the World Cup put Argentina on the map"？ 

A．Winning the World Cup makes Argentina a football power in the world． B．Argentina is not important before it wins the Would Cup．

C．Winning the World Cup gives weight to Argentina's position in the world． D．Argentina is world﹣famous for its football because of its obvious position on the map． 4．The word"irrational"in the third paragraph means  ．

A．passionate B．unreasonable C．angry

D．happy．

8．（8 分）In the 1990s，when an area of Brazilian rainforest the size of Belgium was cut down every year，Brazil was the world's environmental villain （反派角色） and the Amazonian jungles the image of everything that was going wrong in green places．Now，the Amazon ought to be the image of what is going right．Government figures show that deforestation fell by 70% in the Brazilian Amazon region during the past decade．If clearances had continued at their rate in 2005 ， an extra 3.2 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide would have been put into the atmosphere ． That is an amount equal to a year's emissions from the European Union ． Arguably，then，Brazil is now the world leader in addressing climate change．

But how did it break the vicious cycle （恶性循环）？The answer，according to a paper is that there was no silver bullet but instead a three﹣stage process in which bans，better governance in frontier areas and consumer pressure on companies worked．

The first stage ran from the mid﹣1990s to 2004．This was when the government put its efforts into bans and restrictions．The Brazilian Forest Code said that，on every farm in the Amazon， 80% of the land had to be set aside as a forest reserve．As the study observes，this share was so high that the code could not be followed﹣﹣﹣or enforced．This was the period of the worst deforestation．Soybean prices were high and there were a vast expansion of soybean farming  on the south﹣eastern border of the rainforest．

During the second stage，which ran from 2005to 2009，the government tried to boost its ability to police the Amazon．Brazil's president made stopping deforestation a priority，which resulted in better co﹣operation between different bits of the government．The area in which farming was banned was increased from a sixth to nearly half of the forest．

The third stage， which began in 2009， was a test of whether a system of restrictions could survive as soybean expansion continued ． The government shifted its focus from farms to counties （ each state has scores of these ）． Farmers in the 36counties with the worst deforestation rates were ban ned from getting cheap credit until those rates fell．

By any standards， Brazil's Amazon policy has been a success， made the more remarkable because it relied on restrictions rather than rewards，which might have been expected to have worked better ． Over the period of the study ， Brazil also turned itself into a farming superpower ， so  the country  has shown  it is possible to  get  a huge increase in  food output

without destroying the forest ． Moreover ， the policies so far have been successful among

commercial farms who care about the law and respond to market pressures． Most remaining deforestation is by small holders who care rather less about these things， so the government faces the problem of persuading them to change their ways ， too ． Deforestation has been slowed，but not yet stopped．

 

1. Brazil is considered to play a leading role in dealing with climate change because  ． A．it has rainforest as large as Belgium

B. it has cut down too much rainforest

 

C. it has taken action to reduce deforestation

 

D. it sent 3.2 billion tons of carbon dioxide into the air

 

2. The underlined phrase"silver bullet"in Paragraph 2most probably refers to  ．

 

A．a powerful weapon B．an effective solution

C．an intelligent device

 

D．a golden opportunity

 

3. What can we infer from the last paragraph？ 

 

A. Brazil has successfully eliminated deforestation．

 

B. All the farmers care much about forest protection．

 

C. Small farm holders are a headache for the Brazilian government．

 

D. Both the food output and the forest in Brazil have greatly increased． 4．What can be the best title of the passage？ 

A．Cutting Down on Cutting Down B．Brazil，the World Leader in Farming C．Restrictions Outperforming Rewards D．Former Awareness Working Wonders．

 

 

 

五. Translation （30’）Directions： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.

9．（3 分）  （反思自己在考试中的失误） is a good study habit． 10．（3 分）Not all works   （经得起时间考验的） are classic．  11．（3 分）You can simply call me，thus   （省去你再来一次的麻烦）．

12．（3 分）In my opinion，compared with westerners，the Chinese  （似乎更擅长理财）． 13．（3 分） （他英语掌握得不好的原因） is that he concentrates on grammar rather than

oral English．

 

14．（3 分）Whatever he does to please me，I will not make friends with him，as he  （经常言而无信）．

15．（3 分） （多在各种场合接触英语）proves to be one of the effective ways to improve one's English．

16．（3 分）When it comes to purchasing private cars， （许多人盲目跟风），only to find walking is even faster than driving．

17．（3 分）  （只有经历磨难的人） will understand the essence of happiness．

 

18 ．（ 3 分） 那个男生很快适应了新班级的学习氛围， 并在期中考试中获得全优． （adapt）  ．

19．（3 分）尽管成本高昂，这些机器人缓解了该工厂人手不足的压力．（despite）  ．

 

20 ．（ 3 分） 如果您能在会议上提一下这个问题， 引起大家的关注， 我将不胜感激．（appreciate）  ．

2017-2018 学年上海市闵行区七宝中学高二（上）开学英语试卷

参考答案与试题解析

 

II. Grammar and Vocabulary（30）Section ADirections： After reading the passages below， fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.

1．（10 分）The Greek myths are almost a myth themselves．

 

The great dramatists Sophocles，Aeschylus and Euripides drew on the myths，（1）    as   did the Romans after them．Since then，poets，painters，sculptors，novelists﹣and later on， filmmakers and even comic strip authors﹣（2） have found （find） inspiration in them． Remember film Troy （2004）starring Brad Pitt？That movie remade The Iliad，Homer's e t of the Trojan Wars．

Greek myths came from oral stories．In the beginning，people told these tales to （3） each

 

other ．They didn't read them in books or watch them in the theater．It seems that （4） whether we write，paint or make films﹣ or simply just enjoy these products﹣ the Greek myths have a special resonance．

The names and the stories （5） may      be old，but the myths continue to be relevant．We can still be moved by beauty，like the story of Paris when he stole the gorgeous Helen away from her husband in Troy．

We feel pain in our hearts（6） when      we remember our family and friends back home．We can therefore readily understand Odysseus﹣"（7） separated （separate） from his wife and son for a decade﹣and his desperation to get home．

The everyday life of western culture （8） is marked （mark） by the Greek myths in all sorts of ways．Just look up into the night sky﹣names of the stars and constellations you see come from Greek characters．

In English， we say someone who makes money easily has"the Midas touch"． But often， character from Greek mythology，who turns  （9）  whatever  he touches into gold．Even the products we buy in supermarkets have names（10） inspired （inspire）by the Greeks．

【分析】文章讲述了希腊神话故事的来源以及对今天的影响．

 

【解答】1．as．考查连词，as 引导的定语从句，翻译成：正如，正像，故填 as．

 

2. have found．考查时态，主语是名词复数，根据 since then，可知填现在完成时，故填have found．

3. each other．考查代词，彼此相传，故填 each other．

 

4. whether．考查连词，whether…or：是否，不管，故填 whether．

 

5. may．考查情态动词，可能有点老，故填 may．

 

6. when．考查连词，when 引导时间状语从句，当我们想家的时候，故填 when．

 

7. separated．考查非谓语，be separated from：与…分离，分词做后置定语，故填 separated．

 

8. is marked．考查被动，主语是单数名词，根据 by 可知填被动，故填 is marked．

 

9. whatever．考查连词，whatever 引导的宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，任何他碰到的东西，故填 whatever．

10. inspired．考查非谓语，be inspired by：从…中获得灵感，作后置定语，故填 inspired．

 

【点评】考生在对题目进行作答之前，要先对题干进行详细阅读，检查题目中是否有提示词语存在；而后判断出所填词语在句子中所充当的句子成分，例如，主语、谓语等； 最后根据其所充当的句子成分，加之其所处句子的语态等，选择词语的正确形式，例如，   动词的现在分词或者过去分词，或者形容词的比较或者最高级的使用等．

在句子中没有提示词或者标志词存在时，考生要根据句子中所填词语的位置，判断所填词语的词性，例如，连接词、定冠词或者不定冠词、代词或者介词等．定冠词以及不定冠词的位置通常在名词之前，起到对名词进行限制的作用．而代词则分为形容词性物主代词、名词性代词、指示代词和不定代词等．在运用介词的时候，往往考查介词的固定搭配，其中包括动词、形容词等与介词的搭配．

2．（3 分）Vast deserts，magic carpets，and the legend of Aladdin's lamp．For most Chinese people， Saudi Arabia is a faraway land （1） existing （exist） only in bedtime stories． However，connections between the two countries （2） date （date） back to ancient times． The economic and cultural ties between the Tang Dynasty and the Arabian empire reached their height in the 9th century．Paper﹣making workshops thrived in （3） what is now Saudi

Arabia while Arabian knowledge  of math ， astronomy  and medicine  spread to   the  Middle

Kingdom．

 

These exchanges，（4）  recorded   （record） by Arabian merchants sailing along the ancient

Maritime Silk Road，became material for folk tales（5） such as    the One Thousand and One Nights stories．

Fast forward a millennium，the relationship between a modern Saudi Arabia and a progressive China （6） has entered （enter） a new era，thanks to the Belt and Road Initiative proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013．Saudi Arabia is one of the first countries （7） to

respond （respond） positively to the Belt and Road initiative．In terms of strategic location， Saudi Arabia serves as the central hub  （8） connecting （connect） three continents﹣ Asia，Africa and Europe﹣and has been an important part of the initiative．

In fact，（9）    since      they built diplomatic ties in 1990，the two countries have seen a sound development of partnerships．In 2015，China became Saudi Arabia's largest trade partner，while Saudi Arabia has been China's biggest crude oil supplier and largest trade partner in West Asia and Africa for years．（10）    Besides      the economic gains，citizens in both countries also benefit from cultural and academic exchanges．

【分析】沙特阿拉伯：中东丝路古国拥抱新机遇．中东各国正努力探寻新方向．在追求

 

和平与繁荣的道路上，中国是中东各国可靠的合作伙伴．

 

【解答】1． existing．考查非谓语，land 与 exist 是主动关系，故填现在分词作后置定语， 故填 existing．

2. date．考查动词，该句中缺少谓语动词，主语是 connections，一般事实，故填一般现在时，故填 date．

3. what．考查连词，what 引导的宾语从句，因为从句中缺少主语，故填 what．

 

4. recorded．考查非谓语，record 与 exchange 是动宾关系，故填过去分词作后置定语， 故填 recorded．

5. such as．考查固定搭配，变成了传说素材，比如说《一千零一夜》，故填 such as．

 

6. has entered．考查时态，主语是 relationship，已经进入了一个新纪元，故填 has entered．

 

7. to respond．考查不定式，the first to do sth：第一个做某事，常见搭配，故填 to respond．

 

8. connecting．考查非谓语，hub 与 connect 是主动关系，故填现在分词作后置定语，故填 connecting．

9. since．考查连词，引导时间状语从句，自从建交，故填 since． 10．Besides．考查连词，除了经济利益，故填 besides．

【点评】考生在对题目进行作答之前，要先对题干进行详细阅读，检查题目中是否有提

示词语存在；而后判断出所填词语在句子中所充当的句子成分，例如，主语、谓语等； 最后根据其所充当的句子成分，加之其所处句子的语态等，选择词语的正确形式，例如，   动词的现在分词或者过去分词，或者形容词的比较或者最高级的使用等．

在句子中没有提示词或者标志词存在时，考生要根据句子中所填词语的位置，判断所填词语的词性，例如，连接词、定冠词或者不定冠词、代词或者介词等．定冠词以及不定冠词的位置通常在名词之前，起到对名词进行限制的作用．而代词则分为形容词性物主代词、名词性代词、指示代词和不定代词等．在运用介词的时候，往往考查介词的固定搭配，其中包括动词、形容词等与介词的搭配．

Section B Directions ： Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox ．

 

Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce．Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed．

 

3．（10 分）

 

A．subject	B．equal	C．monitoring	D．fitness	AB．proposes
		AC．motivate
AD．debate	BC．spread	BD．experimenting	CD．pushes	ABC．results

A new analysis of the running habits of over a million people showed that exercise is contagious﹣though this depends on who's spreading it．

For the study，two scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology used（1） fitness

 

tracker data to study the running habits of around 1.1 million people ， who have around 3.4million social network connections．Over five years，the （2） subject ran a collective 350million kilometers，and their runs were posted online for their friends to see．

The researchers found an additional kilometer run by friends influences an individual to run an additional 0.3kilometers．An additional kilometer per minute run by friends （3） pushes a person to run an additional 0.3kilometers per minute faster than usual．And if those friends run an extra 10minutes， that person is likely to run about three minutes longer than they would

have．The influencing effect is strongest on the same day  （4）  results       are posted  and

 

appears to diminish with time，the authors wrote．

 

The findings suggested that a runner's peers did influence him or her to run more，but not all users exerted （5） equal influence on their buddies．Individuals were more likely to be encouraged by less active peers than by more active ones．