一、佳句积累
God helps those who help themselves.
You can’t always get what you want.
Practice makes perfect.
二、词汇
中考考纲词汇
pole [pəul] n. 杆子
elderly ['eldə(r)li] adj. 上了中年的
control [kən'trəul] v. 控制
underwater ['ʌndə'wɔ:tə] adv. 在水下
require [ri'kwaiə] v. 需要，依靠 ( = need )
reach [ri:tʃ] v. 到达;抵达 ( = get to, arrive in / at)
hang (hung, hung) [hæŋ] v. 悬挂
hang (hanged，hanged) 绞死，吊死
remove [ri'mu:v] v. 移走;拿开
rest [rest] n. 剩余部分;其余; 休息
traditional [trə'diʃən(ə)l] adj. 传统的
skill [skil] n. 技能
skin [skin] n. 皮肤
mention ['menʃən] v. 提到
straight [streit] adj. / adv. 直的
situation [.sitju'eiʃən] n. 场景
imagine [i'mædʒin] v. 想像;设想
非中考考纲词汇
*cormorant ['kɔ:mərənt] n. 鸬鹚
*raft [rɑ:ft] n. 木排;筏子
*rod [rɔd] n. 杆，竿
*bamboo [,bæm'bu:] n. 竹子
*swallow ['swɔləu] v. 吞下;咽下
*bang [bæŋ] v. 猛敲;砸
*enable [i'neibl] v. 使……能够
*net [net] n. 网
*neck [nek] n. 脖子;颈
Phrases
中考考纲词组
up to 到达（某数量，程度等）; 至多有
set off 出发,动身(同)set out, start,
so that （表示目的）为了;以便
（与in order (not) to do / so as (not) to do 可相互转换）
up and down 起伏;上下波动
at night 在夜晚
be used to do sth./ for doing sth. 被用来做……
in fifty years 五十年后
be good at 擅长于 （= do well in )
be interested in 对……感兴趣
非中考考纲词组
*on the side of 在……的（另）一边
*of average height 一般身高;既不高也不矮
*dive down 潜下;潜入（水中）
*in the late afternoon 午后;临近傍晚
* remove…from… 从…移走…
词形转换
|
1. able a. 有能力的 |
à enable v. 使……能够 |
|
2. old a. 老年的 |
à elderly a. 过了中年的，稍老的 à older a. 比…年龄大的（只用于比较级） à elder a. 年长的 |
|
3. fish n/v. 鱼，鱼肉，捕鱼 |
à fisherman n. 渔夫 |
|
4. remove v. 移动，迁移 |
à removal n. 移动，迁移 |
|
5. foot n. 脚 |
à feet (pl.) 脚 |
|
6. tradition n. 传统 |
à traditional a. 传统的 |
|
7. high a. 高高的 |
à height n. 高度 |
|
8. use n./v. 使用 |
à useful a. 有用的 à useless a. 毫无用途的 |
|
9. attract v. 吸引 |
à attraction n. 吸引力，景点 à attractive a. 有吸引力的 |
|
10. fright n. 害怕，恐惧 |
à frighten v. 使……恐惧 à frightened a. 感到恐惧的 à frightening a. 令人恐惧的 |
三、语法拓展
一般来说，中考考的时态有八种，他们分别是：一般过去时，一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，过去将来时，现在完成时和过去完成时。被动语态考得相对简单，一般来说常考的有四种：一般过去时的被动语态，一般现在时的被动语态，一般将来时的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态。时态和语态在考试中的出题形式常为：单项选择和改写句子。要解答时态和语态方面的题目并不难，只要熟练掌握两点：1.每种时态常用的时间状语；2.每种时态的基本构成（包括肯定句，否定句和一般疑问句）。下面我们将会通过解析一些典型的考题来体现这些技巧。
时态
1. 一般过去时
① 时间状语：yesterday，the day before yesterday， last （week、month、year）, ...ago，just now等；
② 基本结构：
|
|
肯定句 |
否定句 |
疑问句 |
|
Be动词
|
I /She/he/it was ..adj/n We/they/you were .adj/n |
I /She/he/it was ..adj/n We/they/you were .adj/n |
Were you… Was she/he/it… Were you/they/you… |
|
实义动词 (以do为例)
|
I /She/he/it did… We/they/you did… |
I didn’t do… She/he/it didn’t do… We/they/you didn’t do … |
Did you do… Did she/he/it do… Did you/they/you do… |
【例题解析】Tina and her parents____________to England for sightseeing last summer.
A) go B)went C) will go D)have gone
批注：根据上面的讲解我们知道解题时首先要找时间状语，这道题目中的时间状语是“last summer”，由它我们可以判断出题目考查的是一般过去时，所以正确答案为B
2.一般现在时
① 时间状语：always，“everyday，often，once a week(month，year)，sometimes，seldom，usually等
② 主要用于下面几情况：
1)描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。
2)为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。
3)陈述客观事实、客观真理。没有时间概念；也不会在意动作进行的状态。
4)一般现在时还常用于现场解说、新闻标题。
③ 在状语从句中，当主句用一般将来时或者祈使句式，从句用一般现在时.简称“主将从现，主祈从现”。
【例题解析】 When summer ________, some children will go to the seaside for fun.
A)comes B)came C)will come D)would come
批注：这个句子是由when引导的时间状语从句，引导词when后面跟的句子是从句，另外一个句子则是主句。主句用的是一般将来时，根据主将从现的原则可以得知when后面的从句应该用一般现在时，所以选项A为正确答案。
3. 一般将来时
① 时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天），in+时间段，in the future等。
批注：老师再讲到这里的时候可以顺便提问学生对“in+时间段”进行提问应该用什么，因为有很多学生还是误以为用how long
② 基本结构：
①be going to + do；
肯定句
②will+ do.
否定句：在be动词（am, is, are, was, were）或情态动词will后加not缩写成won’t。
一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
【例题解析】Don’t worry about our Chinese teacher. He soon.
A) is returning B) returns C) will return D) would return D) would return
批注：由时间状语“soon”可以判断出这个句子讲的是不久之后的事情，所以我们应该选择一般将来时。正确答案为C。
4 .现在进行时
① 时间状语： now以及以“Look!”和“Listen!”开头的句子
肯定句：am/is/are+v-ing；
② 基本结构： 否定句：am/is/are+not+v-ing；
一般疑问句：把am/is/are前提到句首；
【例题解析】Today is Father's Day. My mother ________ a special dinner for my grandpa now.
A) prepare B) prepared C) is preparing D) will prepare
批注：由时间状语now可以推断出句子表达的是妈妈正在准备一顿特殊的晚餐。所以我们应该选择现在进行时，正确答案为C选项。
5.过去进行时
① 定义：过去进行时是表示过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行或发生的动作；
过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，常与过去时间状语连用。
I was washing my clothes at this time yesterday.
② 用法：
表示某件事发生时（过去进行时），另一件事发生了（过去时）。
My mother was cooking when I got home.
在复合句中，若主要动作和背景动作是同时发生的，那么主从句都可用过去进行时
e.g. Jenny was reading while Danny was writing.
③基本结构：was/were +v-ing.
其句式变化仍然要在be上做文章。
E.g. We were working in class.
We weren’t working in class.
Were you working in class?
④时间状语：过去进行时常与过去某一特定时间点的状语连用，如 at this time yesterday, at ten o’clock yesterday
morning，以及when引导的状语从句等。有时没有时间状语，要通过上下文的暗示来确定用过去进
行时。E.g. The students all worked hard. Everyone knew what he was working for.
【例题解析】The students __________ basketball when I saw them in the playground.
A) played B) was playing C) play D) were playing
批注：看到这道题目时，我们首先要翻译一下句子，“当我看到那些学生的时候，他们正在操场上踢足球。”从句用的是一般过去时，主句应选择过去进行时。B和D都是过去进行时，但是B答案的be动词“was”和主语“the students”不搭配，所以这道题目的正确答案应该选择D
6.过去将来时
用法：表示从过去的某个时间看来将要发生的动作或者存在的状态。常常用于宾语从句中。
【例题解析】 Peter promised that he ____________ his sister an electronic dictionary.
A) has bought B) had bought C) would buy D) will buy
批注：这个句子是宾语从句。主句中的“promised”表明皮特许诺是在过去，而给他妹妹买电子词典是在皮特许诺时还未发生，即将要发生的动作，所以从句应该用过去将来时。正确答案是C
7.现在完成时
①基本结构：现在完成时的肯定句式是“have（has）＋done ”。
现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。
现在完成时的否定句式是“haven't（hasn't）＋过去分词”。
②时间状语：already, yet, still，just, ever, never, since+时间点，so far，for+时间段，recently等
③have been to 和have gone to的区别：
have been to 强调“去过”，现已不在那里，
如：He has been to the USA three times.他到美国去过三次。（过去“到美国”，现在已“不在美国”）
have gone to主要强调的是“去了”，现在人不在说话的现场，
如：--Where's your mother? --你妈妈在哪？--She has gone to the hospital. --她去医院了。
④非延续性动词不能直接和for 或since 连用，但我们可以找一个相应的延续性动词或动词短语来替换这些非延续性动词
例: The old man died 4 years ago. =The old man has been dead for 4 years.
|
come to →be in / at |
go out→ be out, |
leave →be away, |
|
Begin →be on |
stop→ be over |
buy→ have |
|
put on→ wear |
open →be open, |
close →be closed |
|
Die →be dead, |
catch a cold →have a cold, |
get to know →know |
|
join →be a member of |
become a teacher →be a teacher, |
fall asleep →be asleep |
|
fall ill→ be ill |
finish --- be over |
open sth --- keep sth open, |
|
borrow→ keep |
|
|
【例题解析】I _______ you already that washing hands often will help prevent the A-H1N1 Flu.
A)tell B)told C)have told D)am telling
批注：有时间状语“already”可以判断出句子应该选择现在完成时。正确答案为C
【例题解析】Ben __________ ill for about a week. Let’s go to see him together.
A) has fallen B) has felt C) has come D) has been
批注：由时间状语“for about a week”可以判断句子应该用现在完成时，而仅凭现在完成时这个信息无法排除任何一个答案，这个时候我们需要再来分析一下时间状语“for about a week”，这个一个时间段，所以动词我们应该选用延续性动词。由上面我们讲解的表格我们知道fall ill 的延续性动词是be ill，所以正确答案应该选择D
8过去完成时
①基本结构：肯定句式：had+done
否定句式：had+not+done
疑问句式：把had前提到句首
②时间状语：表示过去某一时刻以前已经完成的动作，常见的标志性时间状语一般是by， before+过去时。
【例题解析】By the end of last month, I____all the CDs of Justin Bieber.
collect B)collected C) have collected D) had collected
批注：时间状语“the end of last month”表达的是过去时，而“by the end of last month”意为截止到上月底为止，即动作在上月底以前已经完成。所以我们应该选择过去完成时。正确答案是D选项。
They ___________ about how to protect our earth when I entered.
A) will talk B) have talked C) are talking D) were talking
[答案]D
[解析] when引导的时间状语从句有三种情况：主将从现，主句是一般将来时从句是一般现在时；主过进从过，主句是过去进行时从句是一般过去时；主过完从过，主句是过去完成时，从句是一般过去时；后面两种情况要通过句意分析，不过一般情况下选项中不会同时出现。本题从句时一般过去时，句意“当我进来的时候他们正在讨论如何保护地球”。
When the Spring Festival ______, many people will spend their holiday abroad.
A) came B) will come C) would come D) comes
[答案]D
[解析] when引导的时间状语从句有三种情况：主将从现，主句是一般将来时从句是一般现在时；主过进从过，主句是过去进行时从句是一般过去时；主过完从过，主句是过去完成时，从句是一般过去时；后面两种情况要通过句意分析，不过一般情况下选项中不会同时出现。本题主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
The Greens didn’t catch the train. When they got to the station, the train_____.
A) left B) was left C) has left D) had left
[答案]D
[解析] when引导的时间状语从句有三种情况：主将从现，主句是一般将来时从句是一般现在时；主过进从过，主句是过去进行时从句是一般过去时；主过完从过，主句是过去完成时，从句是一般过去时；后面两种情况要通过句意分析，不过一般情况下选项中不会同时出现。本题从句时一般过去时，句意“当他们到达车站的时候，火车已经离开了”。
My cousin said that he an iPhone 5 next week.
A) buy B) will buy C) would buy D) buys
[答案]C
[解析] 动词时态结合宾语从句；一看从句时间标志词，二看主句时态，如果是过去时态要，从句要变成相应的过去时态：一般现在时变为一般过去时，一般将来时变为过去将来时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，现在完成时变成过去完成时，有时一般过去时变为过去完成时。本题从句时间词next week, 用一般将来时，主句said ，所以用过去将来时。
The teacher, as well as his students ______ to attend the party last week.
A. is invited B. are invited C. was invited D. were invited
[答案]C
[解析] 动词时态结合主谓一致；last week 用一般过去时，as well as 就远原则，看前面的名词，所以用单数。
They ____________in Beijing for the meeting for another three days.
A) have stayed B) stayed C) are staying D) will stay
[答案]D
[解析]通过句意判断时态； for another three days 很多学生会认为是“持续三天时间”，其实是“再三天，又三天”，根据句意是将会再待三天，选D。
Storm Sandy ______thousands of cars so a number of Thanksgiving travelers failed to rent(租) a car.
A) had damaged B) is damaging C) will damage D) has damaged
[答案]A
[解析] 通过句意和已有动词时态判断时态；failed 一般现在时表示过去发生的动作，通过句意是先摧毁了车才导致租不到车，damage 这个动作发生在fail 前，过去的过去，用过去完成时。
被动语态的形式
A 把主动态动词变成被动态，是把助动词be变为主动态动词原来的时态，再加上主要动词的过去分词。主动态动词的主语这时变为被动态动词的施动者。这个施动者常常不被提到。若要提到，可置于by之后或放在从句的后面：
This tree was planted by my grandfather．
|
时态/动词形式 |
主动词 |
被动词 |
|
一般现在时 |
keeps |
Is kept |
|
现在进行时 |
Is keeping |
Is being kept |
|
一般过去时 |
kept |
Was kept |
|
过去进行时 |
Was keeping |
Was being kept |
|
现在完成时 |
Has kept |
Has been kept |
|
过去完成时 |
Had kept |
Had been kept |
|
一般将来时 |
Will keep |
Will be kept |
|
条件语气 |
Would keep |
Would be kept |
|
条件语气完成时 |
Would have kept |
Would have been kept |
|
不定式 |
To keep |
To be kept |
|
不定式完成式 |
To have kept |
To have been kept |
|
现在分词/动名词 |
Keeping |
Being kept |
|
分词完成式 |
Having kept |
To have been kept |
We keep the butter here．
The butter is kept here．
C 各个进行时态的被动态要求用be的进行式加上主要动词的过去分词，be的这种进行时形式在其他方面很少使用：
They are repairing the bridge．
The bridge is being repaired．
在被动句中，除现在及过去进行时外，其他进行进态用得非常少。因此像下列这类句子通常不能用被动态：
They have/had been repairing the road．
They will/would be repairing the road．
D 助动词+动词原形结构可借助于被动式来构成被动语态：
You must/should shut these doors．
These doors must/should be shut．
E 其他不定式结构
表示喜欢、热爱、希望、想要及与其相似意义的动词+宾语+ 不定式，由不定式的被动式构成其被动语态：
He wants someone to take photographs．
He wants photographs to be taken．
表示命令/请求/劝告/邀请的动词+间接宾语+不定式，可用主动词的被动式来构成被动语态：
He invited me to go．
I was invited to go．
但是，如是advise/beg/order/recommend/urge+间接宾语+不定式+宾语的结构，则可构成两种被动语态：或如上所述将主要动词变为被动语态，或用advise等+that… should+被动式：
He urged the Council to reduce the rates．
The Council was/were urged to reduce the rates．
He urged that the rates should be reduced．
至于 agree/be anxious/arrange/be determined/determine/decide/demand+不定式+宾语，则通常用that… should结构来表示被动语态，与上面所述的第二种方式相同：
He decided to sell the house．
He decided that the house should be sold．
F 动名词结构
如是 advise/insist/propose/recommend/suggest+动名词+宾语结构，通常由that…should结构来表示被动语态，与上面所述相同：
He recommended using bullet-proof glass．
He recommended that bullet-proof glass should be used．
G动名词结构
如是it/they+need+动名词结构，也可用it/they+need+被动式结构来表示，两种结构在意思上都是被动语态。其他动名词结构的被动态由动名词的被动式来表示：
I remember them taking me to the Zoo．
I remember being taken to the Zoo．
当不知道动作的执行者时
Printing was introduced into Europe from china.
Look! There’s nothing here. Everything has been taken away.
当不必提出动作的执行者时
I was born in 1960.
Such things are not done twice.
当强调或侧重动作的承受者时
She is liked by everybody.
A good time was had by all.
当我们出于礼貌避免说出动作的执行者时
Where can you be reached?
You’ll be contacted.
当出于行文的需要时
Jack fought Michael in the men’s singles and was beaten.
He visited china’s northeastern provinces in 1935. Those provinces were being overrun by the Japanese invaders.
●被动结构与被动意义的问题
★英汉被动意义表示法比较
英汉被动句型类似的说法，“据说，据估计、报道，众所周知，必须指出”等
据说工人们对他都很同情。
It is said that the workers all regarded him with sympathy.
潘先生据说是个走私者。
Mr. Pan is said to be a smuggler.
汉语有一种不出现主语的句子，英语通常用被动结构表达
A spy was caught yesterday.
昨天抓到了一个特务。
汉语和英语都有以主动结构表示被动意义的情况
这种料子容易销售。
This kind of material sells well.
有时汉语能用主动结构表示被动意义，英语却只能用被动结构
Your letter ahs been received.
你的来信已经收到。
有些动词既是急务动词，也是不及物动词，当它们做不及物动词的时候，往往含有被动意义。通常有两种情况。
这类动词的进行体（主要是现在进行体）表示被动意义，这种句子的主语通常都是指物的，而且可以转换为相应的被动结构。
The house is building
=The house is being built.
The cakes are baking.
=the cakes are being baked.
这类动词（最常用是一般现在时）表示被动意义，这类动词的主语（也是指物的居多）通常具有某些内在的特征，能促使动词所表示的动作得以实现或难以实现。
某些系动词，smell, taste, sound, prove, feel
The flowers smell sweet.
The food tastes nice.
That sounds nice.
The story proved quite false.
某些与can’t, won’t等连用的不及物动词，如move, lock, shut,open
It cant’ move.
The door won’t shut.
某些可和well, easily等副词连用的不及物动词，如read, write, wash, clean, draw, burn, cook, photograph
The cloth washes well.
The poem reads smoothly.
The box doesn’t clean easily.
This kind of rice cooks more quickly than that kind.
某些可用于“主+谓+补”结构中的不及物动词，如wear, blow 等
This material has worn thin.
The door blew open.
Corn is selling briskly.
比较 The door opened.
The door has opened.
被动形式表示主动意义，如 be determined, be pleased, be graduated （from）, be prepared （for）, be occupied （in）, get married等。例如：
He is graduated from a famous university. 他毕业于一所有名的大学。
注意：表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb.均可。例如：
He married a rich girl. 他与一个富妞结婚了。
He got married to a rich girl.
四、课堂练习
1. If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner．
A． are not kept；will have to B． are not kept；have
C． do not keep；will have to D． do not keep；have to
2. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____ and perfected now.
A. developed B. have developed
C. are being developed D. will have been developed
3. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off．
--- Yes，it all depends on the weather．
A． I've been told B． I've told C． I'm told D． I told
4. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.
A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed
5. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.
A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut
6. The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.
A. has been designed B. had been designed
C. was designed D. would be designed
7. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.
A. breaks B. has broken C. was broken D. had been broken
8. Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.
A. have been taken place; have been set up
B. have taken place; have been set up
C. have taken place; have set up
D. were taken place; were set up
9. That suit __ over 60 dollars.
A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost
10. --- Look! Everything here is under construction.
--- What’s the pretty small house that __ for?
A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building
11.--- Do you like the material?
--- Yes, it ___ very soft.
A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt
12. It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese．
A． write B． to write C． to be written D． written
13. I have no more letters ____ ，thank you．
A． to type B． typing C． to be typed D． typed
14. Take care! Don’t drop the ink on your shirt, for it __ easily.
A. won’t wash out B. won’t be washed out
C. isn’t washed out D. isn’t washing out
15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ___.
A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out
16. The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.
A. belongs B. are belonged to C. belongs to D. belong to
17. --- What do you think of the book?
---Oh, excellent. It’s worth ___ a second time.
A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read
18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.
A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch
19. This page needed ___ again.
A. being checked B. checked C. to check D. to be checked
20. ___ many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do the exercises
A. Having taught B. Having been taught C. taught D. Teaching
21 It is said that a new robot ____by him in a few days.
A) designed B) has been designed
C) will be designed D) will have been designed
22 We are late. I expect the film ____by the time we get to the cinema.
A) will already have started B) would already have started
C) shall have already started D) has already been started
23 She will stop showing off if no notice____ of her.
A) is taken B) takes C) will be taken D) has taken
24 Diamond ____in Brazil in 1971.
A) is found B) has been found
C) was found D) had been found
25“Have you moved into the new flat?”“Not yet. The room____.”
A) has been painted B) is painted
C) paints D) is being painted
26 My pictures ____until next Friday.
A) won't develop B) aren't developed
C) don't develop D) won' t be developed
27 Tim ____since he lost his job three weeks ago.
A) had been unemployed B) was unemployed
C) has been unemployed D) has unemployed
28 A great number of colleges and universities ____since 1949.
A) has been establish B) have been established
C) have established D) had been established
29 I'll have to push the car to the side of the road because we ____if we leave it here.
A) would be fined B) will be fined
C) will being fined D) will have been fined
30“____two tickets for the new play at the Grand Theatre on Saturday. Shall we go and see it together?”
A) They have been given B) I have been given
C) I am given D) They have given to me
31 The subject of these lectures ____by the lecture committee.
A) is announced B) have been announced
C) are announced D) has been announced
32 I found an aspirin bottle ____dropped on the floor of David's room.
A) was B) had C) had been D) is
33 The goods ____when we arrived at the airport.
A) were just unloading B) were just been unloading
C) had just unloaded D) were just being unloaded
34 If one ____by pride, he will reject useful advice and friendly assistance.
A) overcomes B) is overcome
C) has been overcome D) overcome
35 Most environment problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them ____taken in the past.
A) was not B) were not C) were not being D) had not been
36 You ought to have put the milk in the refrigerator, now ____sour.
A) I smell B) it is smelt C) it smells D) it is smelling
37 After the race____, the celebration began.
A) had been won B) is won C) will be won D)has been won
38 He was here for a little while, but I don't know where she ____now.
A) is B) was C) had been D) has been
39 The young teacher has ____ competent.
A) been proved to be B) proved to be
C) been proved D) proved being
40 Pluto, the outermost planet of the solar system, ____photographically in March 1930.
A) discovered B) was discovered
C) by discovery D) when discovered
41 To get a better view of the stage, ____.
A)our seats had to be changed B) our seats were changed
C) we had to change our seats D) our seats were changed by us
42 After synthetic____, engineers had a better choice of material.
A) created B) has created
C) has been created D) had been created
43 I think much attention ____your pronunciation.
A) must be paid to B) ought to be paid to
C) must pay to D) should be paid to
44 Since 1970, millions of enthusiasts ____Vitamin C, which they believe can remedy the common cold.
A) have taken B) have been taken
C) have been taking D) have been taking
45 I don't remember ____the chance to try this method.
A)having been given B) to have been given
C)having given D) to have given
46 We could ask someone to do the work privately without it____.
A) know B) be known C) being known D) to be known
47 The construction of the laboratory ____by the end of next month.
A) must be completed B) must have been completed
C) will be completing D) will have been completing
48 They would tell how the African ____on a ship to an American port.
A) was brought B) could have been brought
C) had been brought D) was to be brought
49 He does not possess a bicycle, this one he uses ____to Peter.
A) is belonged to B) belonged C) belongs D) is belonging
50 Negotiation ____again with Moscow tomorrow, a great event will be discussed then.
A) is to be opened B) is on the point of opening
C) is going to open D) opens
51 The reason for all the changes being made ____to us yet.
A) has not explained B) has not been explained
C) did not explained D) were not explained
52 Experiments in the photography of moving objects ____in both the United States and Europe well before 1900.
A) were conducting B)were conducted
C) had been conducted D) had conducted
53 When he turned the corner, he found himself ____by a man in black.
A) tailed B) been tailed C) was tailed D) had been tailed
54 A candidate for the democratic presidential nomination ____at this moment.
A) is interviewing B) being interviewed
C) is being interviewed D) interviewing
55 As we approached the work site, the workers were seen ____the new house.
A) building B) build C) built D) to build
56 As we know, all the regulations in school ____.
A) must keep to B) must be kept
C) must keep D) must be kept up
57 The composition ____any more.
A) need not to be corrected B) doesn't need to be corrected
C) doesn't need be corrected D) need not correct
58 The bank is reported in the local newspaper ____in broad daylight yesterday
A) to be robbed B) to have keen robbed
C) robbed D) having been robbed
59 Hurry up, or the tickets ___out by the time we get there.
A) will have sold B) will sell
C) have sold D) will have been sold
60 He cleaned the glasses carefully for fear that it ____.
A) was damaged B) should be damaged
C) damaged D) would be damaged
被动语态习题
key 1--5 ACADC 6--10 BCBDA
11--15 CBCAD 16--20 DCCDB
被动语态部分练习题答案：
1)C 2)A 3)A 4)C 5)D 6)D 7)C 8)B 9)B 10)B11)D 12)C 13)D 14)B 15)B 16)C 17)A 18)A 19)B20)B 21)C 22)D 23)A 24)C 25)A 26)C 27)A 28)C29)C 30)A 31)B 32)C 33)A 34)C 35)A 36)B 37)B38)B 39)D 40)B
1.The students have performed the play “Sound of Music” for years. (改为被动语态）
The play “Sound of Music” ____________ ____________ performed by the students for years.
2.Our government will send some volunteers to Africa to help the people there. (改成被动语态)
Some volunteers will ______ _______ to Africa to help the people there.
3.My friend Jones wrote some articles about memory last month. (改为被动句)
Some articles about memory _______ _______ by my friend Jones last month.
4. Students read some information about memory in the library yesterday.(改为被动语态)
Some information about memory _________ _________ in the library yesterday by students.
5. The students on duty will clean the lab after the experiment. (改为被动语态)
The lab will ____ ____ by the students on duty after the experiment.
6.A Dutch artist Florentijin Hofman designed the famous big yellow rubber duck.(改为被动语态)
The famous big yellow rubber duck_________ __________ by a Dutch artist Florentijin Hofman.
7.People in our village threw away a great number of plastic bags last year. (被动语态)
A great number of plastic bags away in our village last year.
8.Factories threw rubbish into rivers a few years ago. (改为被动语态)
Rubbish __________ __________ into rivers by factories a few years ago.
9.You must not waste water. (改为被动语态)
Water must not_______ _______.
10.Each year, people add new records to the Guinness Book of Records.（改为被动语态）
Each year, new records ______ ______ to the Guinness Book of Records.
11.We usually call maths the language of science. (改为被动语态)
Maths ________ usually _________ the language of science.
12. The teacher offered the students a lot of advice on how to learn English.(改为被动语态)
The students a lot of advice on how to learn English.
13.Jimmy has lent the novels that he bought to his friends.(改为被动语态）
The novels that Jimmy bought _______ _______ lent to his friend.
14. We don't allow people to smoke anywhere in the building. (改为被动语态)
People to smoke anywhere in the building.
15.People will talk about the safety of girls during the next meeting.(改为被动语态）
The safety of girls______ ______ talked about during the next meeting.
五、课后作业
II. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案)；（共20分）
Many leaders from different countries attended the open ceremony of the G20 summit in Hangzhou in 2016.Which is correct for the underlined part?
A. /i/ B./e/ C./ə/ D./ʌ/
Our students had a lot of fun on day of their New Year’s Concert.
A. a B.an C.the D./
28.Go straight down the street and you’ll see the post office on your right, the kindergarten. A.opposite B.between C.among D.across
29.The manager is much better than other employees dealing with the customers’ complaints.
A.in B.at C.on D.of
John is planning to take part in the coming speech contest to prove .
A.he B.him C.his D.himself
31Some people prefer to pay by credit card, would like to pay through Alipay(支付宝)
A.the others B.others C.other D.another
32.During the summer camp,we found that Ken was learner among all the boys.
A.quick B.quicker C.the quickest D.quickest
33.My neighbor has bought an electric self-balancing scooler(平衡车)， it is convenient for him to work.
A.and B.or C.although D.if
34. Amusing characters Mr.Thompson has created in the comic strip!
A.how B.what a C.what an D.what
35.The students are having a discussion and the answers to the problem after that.
A.are collecting B.will be collected C.collect D.were collected
36.The kid’s story sounded so that my daughter begged me to read it again for her.
A.interestingly B.interested C.interesting D.interest
37.With the help of Google Maps,people worry about getting lost in a foreign country.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.wouldn’t D.needn’t
38.Donald Trump will take office on January 20,2017 Barack Obama leaves the White House.
A.until B.unless C.because D.as soon as
39.Emma Watson hid free books around London underground to encourage people the habit of reading on the subway.
A.form B.forming C.to form D.formed
40.Detective Kim on the case for 3 months before he finally got the clues and successfully solved it.
A.works B.worked C.has worked D.had worked
41.My grandmother to the hospital to have a physical checkup twice a year.
A.goes B.has gone C.is going D.went
42.Don’t be afraid of questions if you don’t understand what I’ve taught in today’s lesson.
A.raise B.raised C.raising D.to raise
The little girl asked her mum .
A.when will her baby teeth start to fall out
B.when her baby teeth would start to fall out
C.when would her baby teeth start to fall out
D.when her baby teeth will start to fall out
A:Sorry I didn’t finish my homework,Ms.Hu,but I had a high fever last night.
B:
A.That’s all right. B.Are you kidding?
C.Don’t mention it D.All right.
A:Would you mind stepping forward a bit?I’m afraid it’s too crowded here.
B:
A.Never mind. B.I’m sorry for that. C.Of course. D.Not at all.
III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box.Each can only be used once.
|
A.leader B.fourth C.although D.imagine E.when |
Carl Joseph was born without a left leg. He was raised by a single mom and grew up in Florida on a farm.He was the__46__of 10 children.Facing so many difficulties that most people could only __47__.Carl wasn’t discouraged.Sports provided a chance for him to overcome his difficulties.
In high school,Carl played basketball,football and field track—all done without his prosthesis(假肢）.In basketball,he could score__48__he was only 6 feet 1 inch tall.In football,as a __49__of a team,he played very well.He even played college football at Bethune Cookman College.In track,he once jumped 5 feet 10 inches high in the high jump.Carl also did well in his subjects at school.
|
A.rest B.rather than C.highly D.because of E. hope |
Carl was so good mainly__50__his mother.He said,“My mom never felt sorry for me,and I never felt sorry for myself.Believe you can do it,and God does the___51__”.
The Florida High School Athletic Association invited Carl into the Hall of Fame.Carl’s statement(陈述）included this line.“A one-legged athlete in The Hall of Fame gives___52__to disabled people. Anything is possible if you put your mind to it and never give up.”
Former football star，Dan Dierdorf,spoke__53__of Carl’s abilities when he called him“the most amazing athlete I’ve ever seen”.
IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms (用括号中所给单词 的适当形式完成下列句子）（共8分）
54 The ______ were surprised at the amazing night views of the Bund.(German
55 Jack _______ lost his way in the railway station and contacted a local agent for help (one)
56 Many people _____ that mobikes are too heavy for them to ride(complaint)
57 This bar of chocolate looks really big and it is 50 centimeters in ____(long)
58 We are ____ sorry for bringing you so much trouble during our stay here(true)
59 The teammates____ each other and always have argument.(like)
60 Jenny's gift was the most special one to her mother although she spent the ______ money(little)
61 The school provides students with various after-school activities to _______ their life(rich)
V. Rewrite the following sentences as required (根据所给要求，改写下列句子 62-67 题，每空格限填一词。68題注意句首大写）（共14分）
62 My brother seldom put his toys in the right place.(改为反义疑问句）
My brother seldom put his toys in the right place, ______ _______?
63 Millions of people visited the website to purchase things at the shopping gala.(改为被动句）
The website_____ ______ by Millions of people to purchase things at the shopping gala
64 Michael borrowed 3 books from the school library last week(保持句意基本不变）
Michael ____ ______ 3 books from the school library for a week
65 We can make cartoon faces come to life by giving them different expressions. (对划线部分提问）
______ ______ you make cartoon faces come to life?
66 The thief finally said that he stole the valuable necklace from the lady. （保持句意基本不变）
The thief finally ____ _______ the valuable necklace from the lady.
67 Did Maggie fly to New York on her own? He wondered.(合并两句为一句）
He wondered if Maggie ___ _______to New York on her own.
Part3 Reading and Writing
VI.Reading comprehension
A.Choose the best answer
Saint Mary’s School Library
Opening Hours:
Monday to Friday 8:30am to 4;30pm
Resources:
12,000 books
6 net-worked computers
Newspapers (Guardian,starts,Times)
Magazines(focus,digest,New Scientist)
Borrowing
Students can borrow up to 2 books at a time.
Students on the Learning Support List can borrow 5 books a a time.
Students may renew books by bringing them to the Library.
Teacher may borrow up to 20 books at a time.
Using the library
Teachers are welcome to book the Library for classes .Book Boxes for topics for use in the classroom can be prepared if it is not convenient to visit the Library.
Small groups of pupils (at most 6)may be sent to the Library during the lesson to borrow/return books or to research a topic.
Library Rules
Students must leave their schoolbags in the bag store in the Library entrance.
Food ,sweets,drink are not allowed in the Library.
Students are expected to behave nicely and respect other stufents’ need to study quietly.
Library services
The Library has a photocopier for staff and students use.Costs are:
5 pence for A4 sheet
10 pence for A3 sheet
We can know the passage it is ____.
A.an advertisement B.a piece of news C.an introduction D an instruction
The Library is open to students and teachers_____.
A.every day B.only at weekend C.eight hours a day D.after school
which of the following resources is not provided by the Library?
A. Books and magazines. B.Video and CDS. C.Newspapers. D.Online resources.
Unlike the students ,teachers can borrow ____books at most.
A.2 B.3 C.6 D.20
Which of the following signs may not be the rules of the Library rule? picture
We can conclude that this Library is_____.
In need of money because the use of a photocopier is not free of charge
Traditional because there is no signs of modern technology to support learning
Helpful because it encourages students and teachers to make good use of it
Strict with the students because they have to obey many unreasonable rules
B.Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)：（12分）
Every year,our school has a dance for all the students.It’s a little funny seeing friends in clean shoes and trousers or colorful dresses,instead of the usual school uniform.
Most of us think the dance is great fun--even the teachers enjoy being there. 75 ,two weeks ago someone said that there would be no live band this year----only CDS.
‘I don’t believe it!’Amy cried out during the lunch break.’Someone said the school couldn’t 76 a band,and they think it’s too noisy anyway.’added Daniel.
‘Well,I don’t think it’s good enough without a band!said Angela,’and I’m going to see what can be done”
Angela was as good as her word.In the afternoon she went 77 to see the school headmaster who agreed to give the situation some more thought.And he suggested that one possibility for having a band was to increase the price ticket from$5 to$10.Angela had to find out whether the students would like to do that.
“I need all of you to help me,” she told our group before school the next day.
“Mr.Berry gave me a list of all the names,and suggested we ask each other their 78 about the band and the extra cost.”During the day we asked around as Angela suggested,and wrote down people”s feelings about the band and the cost.
We were amazed how much support there was for the band and 79 agreed to pay the extra $5.”I’m surprised”smiled Mr.Berry,when we gave him the results.’I really thought that only a few people wanted their band and that the cost would be too high.OK.Angela,your next task is to find a good band and line them up for the dance.’
Angela jumped 80 and broke the news to Amy and Daniel.’You’re amazing,’smiled Daniel to Angela as he thought how close they came to having a less than perfect dance.
A.Besides B .However C.Therefore D.Finally
A.Afford B.from C.help D.book
A.regularly B.quietly C.immediately D.Slowly
A.task B.ability C.opinion D.experience
A.everyone B.everyone C.someone D.no one
A.in horror B.with joy C.in surprise D.with anger
C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. （在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）：（14分）
With smiling eyes, quick minds and good humor, Jia Ling seems like a natural crosstalk performer（相声演员）.
Jia Ling was born on April 29th, 1982 in the city of Xiangyang, Hubei Province. Having studied acting since she was 11, Jia Ling was admitted to the nation’s top drama college —The Central Academy of Drama when she was 19, but she c 81 to learn crosstalk there.
Jia Ling is not an overnight success. After graduation in 2003, she was living in a basement that was just eight square meters and without a bathroom. However, Feng Gong, who is one of the top crosstalk performers in China, opened the door to her success. He provided her with
o 82 to perform. Jia Ling seized(抓住) the chances she was offered and worked hard to improve her skills.
As an excellent performer, the young lady first took part in the Spring Festival Gala in 2010. W 83 her unique（独特的） style and great sense of humor, Jia Ling is loved by many people. Since her crosstalk is unique, fashionable and attractive, she becomes more and more p 84 .
Besides performing as a crosstalk performer, Jia Ling is also a talented actress. She has
s 85 acted in several TV series. “My acting experience has given my crosstalk more creativity and inspiration,” Jia Ling said.
Now, Jia Ling has become one of the top crosstalk performers in China. She is trying so hard that crosstalk can s 86 to more people. She has founded her own club called New Laughter Inn. There people can enjoy traditional or m 87 crosstalk performances. She hopes it can influence her generation and even the next generation and let more and more people fall in love with crosstalk.
Jia Ling is proud of being a crosstalk performer and she says she is positive about the future of crosstalk because people will always want to laugh.
D. Answer the questions.(根据短文内容回答下列问题)：（12分）
If you speak to Benjamin K.hammer on the phone, you would think you were talking to a person who had lived in a Chinese-speaking environment since childhood, as he uses Mandarin’s four tones correctly.
But Hammer started learning Mandarin when he was a high school senior in San Jose,California. Since there were no Chinese-related courses at his high school in the 1990s, Hammer studied Mandarin in a community school’s night classes.
“In the United States, people are curious about Eastern culture, such as the culture of religion, Kung fu and traditional Chinese medicine,” Hammer said.
Hammer is one of the US citizens who show a great interest in Chinese culture.In addition to Mandarin, he learned Kung fu from a Chinese teacher when he was a student at American University in Washington.He got his Chinese name, Meng Weilong, from his Kung fu teacher.
At American university, Hammer majored in (专业主修) international relations, and selected Chinese as his foreign language without any hesitation. From then on, Hammer spent more time and effort in learning Chinese than he did on his major.
“Chinese and English belong to different language families. Learning Chinese is a great challenge, but I do like it. It’s rare that a Western foreigner can speak Chinese very well. I believe learning Chinese, rather than Spanish, can make me stand out from my friends. That makes me fel so great,” he said.
Hammer received his master’s degree in Chinese Classical Philology(中国古典文献学) at Shandong University and spent another four years getting his doctorate(博士学位) in the same major from Peking University.
Now the 37-year-old man works as a teacher at the Advanced Institute for Confucian Studies of Shandong University in Jinan. He is also the assistant editor of the English version of the Journal of Chinese Humanities.
Hammer is a foreigner who was born and grew up in China, isn’t he?(1 分)
_______,______________________________________________________
89.Where did Hammer first start to learn Mandarin as a high school student?(２ 分)
______________________________________________________________
90.What Eastern culture attracts Hammer and some other US citizens? (2 分)
______________________________________________________________
Why do many westerners find it difficult to learn Chinese?
______________________________________________________________
92.What does the phrase “stand out” in paragraph 6 probably mean? （2 分）
______________________________________________________________
What kind of impression has Hammer left on you? Please find the proofs from the passage.(3 分)
I think ________________________________________________________
VII. Writing:（20分）
94.Write a passage on the topic”When I grow up” in at least 60 words.成长对你意味着什么？长大后的你会是怎样？请以“当我长大后”为题写一篇至少60个字的短文，（标点符号不占格）（注意：短文中部的出现任何人名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。）
Ⅱ 26-45：
CCABD BCADB CDDCD ACBAD
Ⅲ 46-49:DDCA
50-52：DABC
Ⅳ 54-61 Germans once complain length truly dislike least enrich
Ⅴ 62.did he 63.was visited 64.has kept 65.How can 66.admited stealing 67.had flown
68.Books with pictures are always welcome among young kids.
Ⅸ (A) 69-74:CCB DBC
(B)75-80:BAC CAB
(C)81.changed/chose 82.opportunities 83.With 84.popular 85.successfully 86.spread 87.modern
88.No,he isn’t.
89.In a community school/In a community school’s night classes.
90.The culture of religion,kung fu and traditional Chinese medicine.
91.Because chinese and English belong to different language families.
92.It probably means “the better than the other”.
93.I think Hammer is keen on chinese culture.He started to learn chinese at an early age,he spent more time and effort in learning Chinese than on his major in universities and he even came to study and work in China.
获得更多试题及答案，欢迎联系微信公众号：ygjjcom
客服微信号：ygjjcom