高三上学期期中巩固练习（三）
Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Mystery of the White Gardenia
（Every year on my birthday, from the time I turned 12, a white gardenia栀子花was delivered to my house. No card or note came with it. ）
…
I don’t remember ever slamming my door ( 21 )________ anger at her and shouting,” you just don’t understand!”, ( 22 )____________ she did understand.
One month before my high-school graduation, my father died of a heart attack. My feelings ranged from grief to abandonment, fear and ( 23 )_________( overwhelm ) anger that my dad was missing some of the most important events in my life. I became completely uninterested in my upcoming graduation, the senior-class play and the prom正式舞会. But my mother, in the midst of her own grief, ( 24 )_______not hear of my skipping any of those things.
The day before my father died, my mother and I ( 25 ) ____________ ( go ) shopping for a prom dress. We’d found a spectacular one, with yards and yards of dotted Swiss in red, white and blue, ( 26 ) _______ made me feel like Scarlett O’ Hara, ( 27 )________it was the wrong size. When my father died, I forgot about the dress.
My mother didn’t. The day before the prom, I found that dress---in the right size---draped majestically over the living-room sofa. It wasn’t just delivered, still in the box. It was presented to me---beautifully, artistically, lovely. I didn’t care if I had a new dress or not. But my mother did.
She wanted her children to feel （ 28 ）_______ ( love ) and lovable, creative and imaginative, imbued with a sense （ 29 ）_______ there was magic in the world and beauty even in the face of adversity. In truth, my mother wanted her children to see （ 30 ）________ much like the gardenia---lovely, strong and perfect---with an aura of magic and perhaps a bit of mystery.
My mother died ten days after I married. I was 22 years old. That was the year the gardenias stopped coming.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
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A. topic B. flourished C. arguably D. empathetic E. Repeated F. events G. shares H. individual I. influenced J. appeals K. literary
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Poetry is a kind of writing in which the sound and meaning of groups of words express ideas or emotion in addition to the experiences or strong feelings the writer ____31____. Unlike most other forms of writing, poetry is often written in lines, rather than paragraphs. Poetry also sounds different from other forms of writing, often using rhythm and rhyme to create an interesting sound when read aloud. Poetry catches the attention of a reader because it ____32____to both emotions and senses.
Sound is ____33____ the single most important aspect of any poem. The sound that any given word makes, or the sounds that come from specific groups of words used together, are what make poetry so unique as a form of writing. A typical story or report does not focus on the sounds that each _____34____ word makes when read. But poems generally contain few words, so it is important that each word plays a role in making an impact on the reader. Rhythm is the flow of sounds created by successive words in a poem. When you read a poem you can often hear this ____35____ pattern, or “beat,” in the sounds. This is called meter.
Some of the oldest and best-known poetry in the world came from Ancient Greece. As far back as 700 BCE, poets there recited their work at public _____36____ and religious ceremonies. The great epic poems The Iliad and The Odyssey by Homer came from Greece. The Greeks eventually ____37____ Roman poets, such as Virgil, who wrote the Aeneid around 200r 30 BCE. In medieval times, poems such as Beowulf, The Divine Comedy by Dante, and The Canterbury Tales by Chaucer were written. Religion and romance became the ____38___ of choice for many poets at that time.
Poetry _____39____ even more during the Renaissance period of history, an era of many great cultural achievements. This was the period during which Shakespeare, the most well-known poet, was making his mark! Needless to say, a trend had started. Poetry has continued to grow and change as a form of ____40____ expression in modern times.
Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
When a human infant is born into any other community in any part of the world it has two things in common with any infant, ____41____neither of them has been ____42____in any way either before or during birth.
Firstly, and most obviously, new born children are completely ____43____. Apart from a powerful capacity to draw attention on their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing the new born child can do to ____44____ his own survival. Without ____45____ from some other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked contrast with the ____46____ of many new born animals to get to their ____47____ within minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young animals are certainly in danger, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth, compared with the human infant, they very quickly develop the capacity to ____48____ for themselves. It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally ____49____ on the others that it reveals second ____50____ which it shares with all other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn ____51____.
For this reason, biologists now suggest that language is “species specific特有的；特定的” to the human race, that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetically ____52____ in such a way that it can ____53____ language. This suggestion implies that just as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just as they are designed to ____54____ upright rather than to move on all fours so they are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal ____55____ as well-formed human beings.
41. A. provided B. assume C. promised D. predicted
42. A. unprotected B. hurt C. damaged D. unhealthy
43. A. ignorant B. unknown C. inexperienced D. helpless
44. A. ensure B. assure C. emphasize D. solidify
45. A. love B. affection C. care D. attention
46. A. possibility B. capacity C. try D. attempt
47. A. arms B. body C. feet D. limbs
48. A. feed B. defend C. protect D. prevent
49. A. dependent B. based C. focused D. operated
50. A. ability B. feature C. aspect D. specialty
51. A. walking B. feeding C. language D. racing
52. A. programmed B. set C. arranged D. born
53. A. get B. learn C. speak D. acquire
54. A. sit B. walk C. stand D. move
55. A. abilities B. development C. performance D. behavior
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
Men of Honor
A knight was a mounted warrior of medieval Europe who served a king or other feudal superior, usually in return for land. Knighthood was taken quite seriously and had to be earned.
At about the age of eight, a boy would begin training in preparation for knighthood. This young trainee, known as a page(男侍者), would train with mentors to learn about horses, armor, and weapons. Pages practiced fighting with a sword against a wooden stake and learned to skillfully use a bow and arrow. The lady of the castle taught a young page about manners and social graces, as well as how to sing, play instruments, and dance. A priest might give a page religious training and teach him to read and write.
By the age of fourteen, the page would become a squire（护卫）. A squire was responsible for dressing a knight for battles and tournaments and taking care of the knight's armor and weapons. He would even follow his master on the battlefield to protect him if the knight fell.
A squire had to gain skill in using a lance, spear, or sword, so he would practice against a wooden dummy called a quintain（枪靶）. The quintain and a shield were hung on a wooden pole, and when hit, the whole structure would spin. The squire would learn to ride up and hit the shield's center, but then quickly move out of the way without getting hit and knocked off his horse by the quintain.
At about age twenty, a squire was finally prepared to be called a knight, which involved an extended ceremony. On the evening before becoming a knight, the squire confessed his sins to a priest, was given a symbolic bath, and then fasted in order to cleanse his soul. The squire would dress all in white and stay in a chapel all night praying and watching over his weapons and armor.
In the morning, the squire would dress in symbolically-colored clothing: red for his blood, white for purity, and brown for his return to the earth after death. At his induction ([in'dʌkʃən] 入会仪式), the knight swore a code of chivalry, which required him always to be brave, loyal, courteous, and to protect the defenseless. Knighthood was granted by the overlord with an accolade, during which the new knight was tapped on the shoulders or neck with the flat side of the sword.
If this new knight ever broke his vows or acted dishonorably, he would be stripped of his knighthood in another ceremony, in which he was "buried." In the Middle Ages, a knight without honor was considered as good as dead.
What were the responsibilities of a squire?
Practicing fighting with a sword and using a bow and arrow skillfully.
Looking after his own weapons and learning manners from the Lady of the castle.
Confessing his sin and praying for his mentors.
Dressing a knight for battles or competitions and protecting him.
What does the underlined word “ chivalry” mean ?
the noble spirits a knight possesses
the tough task a knight has to finish
the high goal a knight must achieve
the military discipline a knight should obey
If a knight were to betray the king, what do you think might happen?
A. He would be sentenced to death.
B. He would be robbed of his title.
C. He would be forced to leave Court.
D. His land would be returned to the King.
Which of the following statements is right according to the passage?
A. A knight had to be highly born.
B. A knight had gone through different stages of training to become a KNIGHT.
C. A knight was militarily skillful but not necessarily literate.
D. Knighthood started in the Medieval Ages and existed only in England.
B
Reading Your Mind
Modern technology allows scientists to look inside a living human brain to see what is happening. These procedures are safe and painless. By understanding the normal brain activity, doctors and scientists are better able to assess the brain’s behavior during times of injury, disease, and mental illness.
CT or CAT scans: Computed tomography (CT) or computerized axial tomography(CAT) shows images of the brain by passing multiple X-ray beams through the brain tissue. CT or CAT scans show a cross-section of the brain. These scans can be used to find brain tumors.
MRI scans: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses powerful magnet to cause the atoms of the brain to shake. MRI sensors pick up the signals emitted ([i'mit]发出) from the brain’s atoms and a computer interprets them as a picture. MRIs show more detail than CT or CAT scans can. They are especially useful in finding brain tumors that grow on the back of the brain, between the ears.
PET scans: Positron emission tomography (PET) is different from other scans because it shows how the brain functions. After a person’s bloodstream is injected with a small dose of glucose (['glu:kəus]【生化】葡萄糖), which is what gives the brain energy, scanners around the head detect where the glucose moves. The PET scan shows which part of the brain use a lot of glucose, which are the more active parts. PET scans are helpful for diagnosing strokes,studying mental illness, and learning how the brain process language.
How can doctors and scientistsunderstand the brain’s reaction to injury, disease, or mental illness?
By contrasting/comparing it with normal brain activities.
By passing the X-Ray beams through the brain tissue.
By picking up the signals emitted from the brain’s atoms.
By being injected with glucose and detecting where it moves.
By Which two scans mentioned are helpful for diagnosing brain tumors?
A. CT / CAT and PET B. MRI and PET
C. CT/CAT and MRI D. CT and CAT
62. If a person suffers from defect in speaking, which scan will a doctor be most
likely to suggest?
A. CT / CAT B. MRI
C. PET D. Any one of them
C
The psychology of innovation
Why are so few companies truly innovative?
Innovation is key to business survival, and companies put substantial resources into inspiring employees to develop new ideas. There are, nevertheless, people working in luxurious, state-of-the-art centers designed to stimulate innovation who find that their environment doesn’t make them feel at all creative. And there are those who don’t have a budget, or much space, but who innovate successfully.
For Robert B. Cialdini, Professor of Psychology at Arizona State University, one reason that companies don’t succeed as often as they should is that innovation starts with recruitment. Research shows that the fit between an employee’s values and a company’s values makes a difference to what contribution they make and whether, two years after they join, they’re still at the company.
One of the most famous photographs in the story of rock’n’rollemphasizesCialdini’s views. The 1956 picture of singers Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Johnny Cash and Jerry Lee Lewis jamming at a piano in Sun Studios in Memphis tells a hidden story. Sun’s ‘million-dollar quartet’ could have been a quintet. Missing from the picture is Roy Orbison, a greater natural singer than Lewis, Perkins or Cash. Sam Phillips, who owned Sun, wanted to revolutionize popular music with songs that fused black and white music, and country and blues. Presley, Cash, Perkins and Lewis instinctively understood Phillips’s ambition and believed in it. Orbison wasn’t inspired by the goal, and only ever achieved one hit with the Sun label.
Managing innovation is a delicate art. It’s easy for a company to be pulled in conflicting directions as the marketing, product development, and finance departments each get different feedback from different sets of people. And without a system which ensures collaborative exchanges within the company, it’s also easy for small ‘pockets of innovation’ to disappear. Innovation is a contact sport. You can’t brief people just by saying, ‘We’re going in this direction and I’m going to take you with me.’
Cialdini believes that this ‘follow-the-leader syndrome’ is dangerous, not least because it encourages bosses to go it alone. ‘It’s been scientifically proven that three people will be better than one at solving problems, even if that one person is the smartest person in the field.’ To prove his point, Cialdini cites an interview with molecular biologist James Watson. Watson, together with Francis Crick, discovered the structure of DNA, the genetic information carrier of all living organisms. ‘When asked how they had cracked the code ahead of an array of highly accomplished rival investigators, he said something that stunned me. He said he and Crick had succeeded becausethey were aware that they weren’t the most intelligent of the scientists pursuing the answer. The smartest scientist was called Rosalind Franklin who, Watson said, “was so intelligent she rarely sought advice”.’
Writing, visualizing and prototyping can stimulate the flow of new ideas. Cialdini cites scores of research papers and historical events that prove that even something as simple as writing deepens every individual’s engagement in the project. It is, he says, the reason why all those competitions on breakfast cereal packets encouraged us to write in saying, in no more than 10 words: ‘I like Kellogg’s Corn Flakes because… .’ The very act of writing makes us more likely to believe it.
Authority doesn’t have to inhibit innovation but it often does. Many theorist believe the ideal boss should lead from behind, taking pride in collective accomplishment and giving credit where it is due. Cialdini says: ‘Leaders should encourage everyone to contribute and simultaneously assure all concerned that every recommendation is important to making the right decision and will be given full attention.’ The frustrating thing about innovation is that there are many approaches, but no magic formula. However, a manager who wants to create a truly innovative culture can make their job a lot easier by recognizing these psychological realities.
63. The example of the ‘million-dollar quartet’ underlines the writer’s point about
A. recognizing talent.
B. working as a team.
C. having a shared objective.
D. being an effective leader.
64. James Watson suggests that he and Francis Crick won the race to discover the
DNA code because they
A. were conscious of their own limitations.
B. brought complementary skills to their partnership.
C. were determined to outperform their brighter rivals.
D. encouraged each other to realize their joint ambition.
65. The writer mentions competitions on breakfast cereal packets as an example of
howto______________________________________________________.
A. inspire creative thinking.
B. generate concise writing.
C. promote loyalty to a group.
D. strengthencommitment to an idea.
66. In the last paragraph, the writer suggests that it is important for employees to
A. be aware of their company’s goals.
B. feel that their contributions are valued.
C. have respect for their co-workers’achievements.
D. understand why certain management decisions are made.
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
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A. It is you yourself not anybody else that can correct your Self-esteem.
B. Simply put, self-esteem is the fuel that makes you feel important or loved by others.
C. More oftentimes it will not, but don’t let that cloud your perception about yourself.
D. Now that we’ve covered those aspects of self-esteem, let’s turn to some of the other factors that need to be considered.
AB. It will give you a regular motivation to work harder and better to improve yourself and develop your sense of maturity as a person.
AC. When your self-esteem is high, you are less likely to be affected by these situations. |
Many people go through life's usual phases of ups and downs，which are common and normal stages in life, but when your self-esteem is low, you may need to know how to boost your self-esteem, since it can lead to problems you may not have thought of.
Self-esteem is the measurement or the value of how a person knows his worth and its effects are life-changing and dramatic, since it makes up a person’s attitude and outlook towards life. (67) ______________________ But when self-esteem is low, you can either sulk and be sad or be afraid to try out new things or take risks and chances with your love-life, career, relationships and self-improvement.
Self-esteem plays a key role in the maturity of a person, especially when trying to
get away from a dangerous situation, going through a series of trials in life. Our normal responses to these circumstances and situations are governed by how we value ourselves and how our decisions are dictated by how we value ourselves and how our decisions are dictated by these conditions.
Faced with tough decisions in life, the more self-esteem one has, the better. It is for that person to make sound decisions, even in the face of peer pressure or stress at work and at home. Let us try to look into some of the common and best practices which have been tried and tested to help boost self-esteem.
Always compliment yourself daily, especially by trying to look for specific tasks you did well for that day and congratulate yourself for it. (68) ____________________ List down all things you are good at doing and achieving, be it a talent, skill, sport or building up other people.
You can add more focus to these good points and fuel our passion to do better and make you not only understand yourself more, but also give you the true meaning and measurement of self worth and this is how you see yourself as important.
Appreciation of one’s physical appearance and bearing can also be your source of self-esteem, be it the size and shape of your body, your overall physical structure or unique features. Your body can be your source of pride and will help you understand how you would like others to see you, or work on your physical appearance to boost self-morale and satisfaction.
Sometimes when you tend to see things in a different light or perspective from others, don’t focus too much on making sure that what you think will cause things to change. (69) _____________________________
When you have good self-esteem you will realize that what you did was right and was made under your own food judgment, sound principles and concepts based on your personal outlook and attitude towards life.
Do not let negative feedback affect you. Of course, one cannot help but feel bad about negative comments or reactions, but you have to consider that these are tests against your character and personality. (70) ________________________________ So try to look at yourself and see, and if you feel less important or are not satisfied with how you see and look at things, then think about ways on how to boost your self-esteem. You’ll thank yourself for it.
Summary
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.
1. One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by selling goods door to door found that he only had one dime left. He was hungry so he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.
2. However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you？”
3. “You don't owe me anything,” she replied. “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” He said, “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” As Howard Kelly left that house, he not only felt stronger physically, but it also increased his faith in God and the human race. He was about to give up and quit before this point.
4. Years later the young woman became critically ill. The local doctors were baffled. They finally sent her to the big city, where specialists can be called in to study her rare disease. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in for the consultation. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Immediately, he rose and went down through the hospital hall into her room.
5. Dressed in his doctor's gown he went in to see her. He recognized her at once. He went back to the consultation room and determined to do his best to save her life. From that day on, he gave special attention to her case.
6. After a long struggle, the battle was won. Dr. Kelly requested the business office to pass the final bill to him for approval. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to her room. She was afraid to open it because she was positive that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words...
“Paid in full with a glass of milk.
（Signed） Dr. Howard Kelly
Tears of joy flooded her eyes as she prayed silently:” Thank You, God. Your love has spread through human hearts and hands.”
Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
民众呼吁政府延长失业的救济。( appeal )
用户名和密码不要经常性改动，会引起不必要的麻烦。（basis ）
父母和孩子的长期分开使孩子有一种被遗弃的感觉。( abandon )
知道因为自己的努力和奉献而改善了别人的生活是做慈善的最大动力。( charity )
Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in no less than 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
每一个人都会被自己阅读过的一本书，一个故事或看过的一部电影而感动并难以忘怀，请你以My most Influential ____________ 为题写一篇文章。
内容包括：
描述你的书，故事或电影的主要内容。
谈谈它对你产生的影响或带来的思考。
Grammar& Vocabulary
21. in 22. because / for 23. overwhelming 24. would
25. had gone 26. which 27. but 28. loved
29. that 30. themselves
31- 40 G / J / C / H / E / F / I / A / B /K
Reading
41-45 ACDAC 46-50 BCBAB 51-55 CADCB
56-59 DABB 60-62 ACC 63-66 CADB
67-70 B /AB /C /AC
第II 卷
I.Summary:
A poor boy asked for water but got milk from a kind, beautiful young lady. Inspired by her kindness and God’s love, the boy worked hard to become an excellent doctor, who saved the young lady finally and paid the medical bill for her. Both of them believed love is spread from people to people.
( 55 words )
II. Translation:
The public appealed to the government to extend ( the ) unemployment benefits.
The public appealed to the government for an extension of unemployment benefits.
2. User names and passwords should not be changed / can’t change on a regular basis, which otherwise will /would cause unnecessary trouble(s).
3. If parents are away from their children for long, children are likely to feel abandoned.
4. Knowing that your efforts and contribution have improved / improve / better others’ life/lives is the greatest motive/ motivation for charity.
Knowing that others’ life has been improved / bettered because of your efforts and contribution is the greatest motive/ motivation for charity.
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