2018-2019 学年建平中学高三下英语三模
Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabulary Section A
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
There’s a widely-accepted line of thinking, especially in 2019, that says the people and things we love will eventually let us down.
It’s never an if, always a when. So our heroes will inevitably turn out to be trash monsters. Our favorite bands will enter an experimental phase, even though no one asked them to. And our favorite TV shows will (21) fail to reach greater heights, but they won’t even come close to the same level of success they once had.
It was with this cynical mentality (22) I approached the second season of 2018’s breakout hit Killing Eve. How could a series that was so well written, so well acted, and so fiercely addictive in its freshman season possibly
(23) (maintain) the same level of quality in Season 2, especially since Phoebe Waller-Bridge, (24)
developed the series for TV and wrote four of the first season’s eight episodes, wasn’t involved in the writing of the second? It seemed like an impossible task.
But then a strange thing happened: Killing Eve’s second season, at least the two episodes (25)
(screen) in advance for critics, didn’t let me down. The new episodes generated the same amount of joy I experienced
(26) I watched Eve (Sandra Oh) and Villanelle (Jodie Comer) dance around each other during the first go-round, only this time the stakes were considerably (27) (high).
As Waller-Bridge noted, “Killing Eve is character study on two lives, two women and their circumstances, their homes, their wants, their fears and (28) keeps them from ending it all. It’s just that (29)
happens to be an assassin（暗杀者）and the other a spy. If I’ve done my job right, the audience (30) feel
equally chilled as they are excited by the determination of these women, their journeys and how drawn they are to one another.”
Section B
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A. nightfall |
B. shine |
C. opposite |
D. inadequate |
E. fail |
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F. exhaust |
G. repaid |
H. ends |
I. primarily |
J. candlelight |
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
How to be a demanding reader
The rules for reading yourself to sleep are easier to follow than are the rules for staying awake while reading. Get into bed in a comfortable position, make sure the light is 31 enough to cause a slight eyestrain, choose a book that is either terribly difficult or terribly boring--in any event one that you do not really care whether you read or not --and you will be asleep in a few minutes. Those who are experts in relaxing with a book do not have to wait for 32 . A comfortable chair in the library will do any time.
Unfortunately, the rules for keeping awake do not consist in doing just the 33 . It is possible to keep awake while reading in a comfortable chair or even in bed, and people have been known to 34 their eyes by
reading late in light too dim. What kept the famous 35 readers awake? One thing certainly -- it made a difference to them, a great difference, whether or not they read the book they had in hand.
Whether you manage to keep awake or not depends in large part on your goal in reading. If your aim in reading is to profit from it -- to 36 somehow in mind or spirit -- you have to keep awake. That means reading as actively as possible. It means making an effort -- an effort for which you expect to be 37 .
Good books, fiction or nonfiction, deserve such reading. To use a good book as a helper to fall asleep is pure waste. To fall asleep or, what is the same, to let your mind wander during the hours you planned to devote to reading for profit
-- that is, 38 for understanding -- is clearly to defeat your own 39 .
But the sad fact is that many people who can distinguish between profit and pleasure -- between understanding, on the one hand, and entertainment or the mere satisfaction of curiosity, on the other hand-- nevertheless 40 to carry out their reading plans. They can’t make it even if they know which books give which. The reason is that they do not know how to be demanding readers, how to keep their mind on what they are doing by making it do the work without which no profit can be earned.
Ⅲ. Reading comprehension Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
A window into the future
Shortly after its opening on the first day of Chinese New Year, The Wandering Earth began to gain momentum. In a little over a week, it made 2.8 billion yuan in the 41 market alone. The film’s popularity and success has come as a 42 to many reviewers especially since there hasn’t been that much success for Chinese-produced science fiction the past. Many agree that this film will change the 43 situation and bring in a new age for Chinese science fiction.
As a genre（类型）, Chinese science fiction has 44 general fiction in both the film and publishing
industries. Even Liu Cixin’s (the author who wrote the short story on which The Wandering Earth is based) The Three Body Problem--which is currently quite popular -- didn’t have many readers until it was translated into English and won the Hugo Award（雨果奖）in 2015. 45 , I haven’t read much of any genre written in Chinese, but I do notice that there aren’t many separate sections of the bookstore dedicated to science fiction. I cannot speak for everyone, but some people seem to have 46 regarding the genre.
My parents were the type who tried to steer me in the direction of non-fiction and the classics. They believed that science fiction and fantasy were “unrealistic nonsense” and would “ 47 by brain.” 48 , great science fiction writers do their research. More often than not, one can learn a great deal about science and its possible development from reading science fiction. Sure, some of the concepts may be confusing or technical in nature, but that is also part of the 49 . Things like the internet, electric cars and tablet computers were first theorized in science fiction before they were 50 . The author simply uses a 51 of science and his imagination to create worlds different from the Earth of today, from which we can get bits and pieces that can be turned into a 52 .
The world is changing. There may very well be a time when Earth is no longer able to 53 the entire population. We could be living on Mars or in giant spaceships; perhaps we will be 54 to move Earth to a
new solar system just like The Wandering Earth. Each of these scenarios（设想）has appeared in science fiction multiple
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41. |
A. outdoor |
B. domestic |
C. depressed |
D. global |
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42. |
A. achievement |
B. compliment |
C. surprise |
D. priority |
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43. |
A. embarrassing |
B. extreme |
C. risky |
D. complicated |
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44. |
A. contributed to |
B. taken over |
C. made up |
D. lagged behind |
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45. |
A. Personally |
B. Obviously |
C. Fortunately |
D. Hopefully |
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46. |
A. confidence |
B. ambitions |
C. suspicions |
D. misunderstandings |
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47. |
A. damage |
B. rot |
C. form |
D. swing |
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48. |
A. In addition |
B. For instance |
C. In fact |
D. As a result |
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49. |
A. compound |
B. investigation |
C. memory |
D. appeal |
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50. |
A. imagined |
B. operated |
C. restored |
D. invented |
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51. |
A. combination |
B. perspective |
C. definition |
D. consequence |
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52. |
A. mystery |
B. restriction |
C. connection |
D. reality |
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53. |
A. protect |
B. sustain |
C. double |
D. estimate |
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54. |
A. willing |
B. thrilled |
C. forced |
D. allowed |
|
55. |
A. Though |
B. If |
C. Since |
D. Before |
times. 55 we are to be prepared for what is to come, we can look into modern science fiction for a window into the future.
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
The following sad but true talc concerns my great-uncle, a wonderful, jolly, beloved man who was over six feet four and probably weighted close to three hundred pounds. He was also well-educated and in the early 1900s became a full-time baptist minister. A kindly, gentle man despite his size, Uncle Alden Bentley’s only real fault seemed to be that he was terribly clumsy. As a young minister, her was paying a pastoral call one day on a woman in Dillon, South Carolina, when he accidentally sat on her Chihuahua, Twinkie, and killed it. As the lady searched for and called for her dog throughout the house, Uncle Alden felt underneath his hip and, realizing what he had done, panicked and slipped the dead dog into his coat pocket. Although he was devastated, he could not bring himself w tell the woman what had happened.
Five years later, he returned to the same home of an overnight visit and resolved to unburden himself by finally telling the woman exactly what had happened to Twinkie. she had just had the guest room prepared and had hung brand-new curtains. To make Uncle feel welcome, she had placed on the bedside table a large pitcher of ice water and a glass, as well as a pen and a bottle of ink, so he could work on his sermon before retiring.
Uncle liked to sleep with the window open and got up in the night to open it. As he did, he knocked over what he assumed to be a full glass of water. Then, groping along the walls in an unsuccessful search for the light switch, he retraced his steps several times before raising the window and settling back on the bed for the night. When he opened his eyes the next morning, he was horrified. The fresh wallpaper on two walls was covered with great black stains. The crisp white curtains were thoroughly spoiled with the prints of Uncle’s huge paws. It had not been the water glass he’d
overturned during the night -- it had been the ink bottle.
In a shaken state of mind and knowing he must face the hostess, Uncle dressed hurriedly and started down the stairs outside the guest room. As he approached the landing, his foot flipped.
“Are you hurt?” His hostess cried as she rushed to Uncle’s side.
“No,” said Uncle a he rose to his feet, “but I have devastated your home.” With that he quickly walked out the front door and, at the end of the walk, turned and said to his hostess with deep respect, “Twinkie had a Christian burial.”
He then retired from the ministry and became a teacher of philosophy for many years at a private preparatory school in Massachusetts.
What was the job of Uncle Alden when he was visiting the lady’s home?
A government official. B. A teacher.
C. A house agent. D. A churchman.
what does the underlined word “retiring” mean in the second paragraph?
giving up work B. pulling back C. going away D. going to bed
Which of the following statements about Uncle Alden is TURE?
He suffered from a guilty conscience after the first visit to the lady’s home.
His rudeness led to a mess of the guest room during the second visit to the lady’s home.
He kept the death of Twinkie as a secret from the hostess all through the two visits.
His visits to the lady’s home always ended with rage and fury.
What kind of tone is adopted by the writer in this short story?
Sympathetic. B. Critical. C. Humorous. D. Indifferent.
B
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C.
Before the age of the smartphone, photographers had to learn how to use high-tech cameras and photographic techniques. Today, with the huge range of camera apps on our smartphones, we’re all good amateur photographers, since the quality of smartphone images now nearly equals that of digital cameras.
The new ease of photography has given us a tremendous appetite for capturing the magical and the ordinary. We are obsessed with documenting everyday moments, whether it’s a shot of our breakfast, our cat or the cat’s breakfast. Even photo journalists are experimenting with mobile phones because their near invisibility makes it easier to capture unguarded moments.
In the past, magazines published unforgettable photos of important people and global events that captured our imaginations. These photos had the power to change public opinion and even the course of history. But if there are fewer memorable images today, it’s not because there are fewer good images. It’s because there are so many, and no one image gets to be special for long.
As people everywhere embrace photography and the media make use of citizen journalists, professional standards
appear to be shifting. Before digital images, most people trusted photographs to accurately reflect reality. Today, images can be altered in ways the naked eye might never notice. Photojournalists are trained to accurately represent what they witness. Yet any image can be altered to create an “improved” picture of reality. The average viewer is left with no way to assess the accuracy of an image except through trust in a news organization or photographer.
The question of the accuracy of images gets even trickier when photojournalists start experimenting with camera apps -- like Hipstamatic or Instagram --which encourage the use of filters（滤镜）. Images can be colored, brightened, faded, and scratched to make photographs more artistic, or to give them an antique look. Photographers using camera
apps to cover wars and conflicts have created powerful images--but also controversy. Critics worry that antique-looking photographs romanticize war, while distancing us from those who fight in them.
Yet photography has always been more subjective than we assume. Each picture is a result of a series of decisions -- where to stand, what lens to use, what to leave in and what to leave out of the frame. Does altering photographs with camera app filters make them less true? There’s something powerful and exciting about the experiment the digital age has forced upon us. These new tools make it easier to tell our own stories -- and they give others the power to do the same. Many members of the media get stuck on the same stories, focusing on elections, governments, wars, and disasters, and in the process, miss out on the less dramatic images of daily life that can be as revealing.
Who knows? Our obsession with documentation and constantly being connected could lead to a dramatic change in out way of being. Perhaps we are witnessing the development of a universal isvual language, one that could change the way er relate to each other and the world. Of course, as with any language, there will be those who produce poetry and those who make shopping lists.
According to the author, there are fewer memorable photographs today because .
the quality of many images is still poor
there are so many good images these days
traditional media refuse to allow amateur photos
most images are not appealing to a global audience
The author put the word “improved” in quotation marks in order to .
indicate it’s a word cited from another source
stress that the picture of reality is greatly improved
draw audience attention to a word worth considering
show it’s arguable whether the picture is truly improved
Which of the statements does the author most likely agree with?
The daily life pictures are very expressive themselves.
Photographs of the digital age are more subjective than before.
Photos altered by filters of camera apps are too subjective to be true.
Many members of the media value daily life imanges over major social events.
What my be the best title for the passage?
Camera Apps Bury Authenticity
Photography Redefined: A Visual Language
Smartphone: Killer of Professional Photography
The Shifting Standards of Professional Photography
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Clearly, ‘Pete’s Bakery’ will on longer be a good company name if you want to branch out into catering or gourmet food.
The downside of this, of course, is that until you’re well-know, it can be hard for potential clients to find you.
Whichever approach you take, don’t rush to choose your brand name.
Advertising has existed for thousands of years but brand names are a relatively new idea.
To get any further, you need a brand name that people will remember and that will make your product or company stand out.
They also set your brand apart -- they are distinctive and there is no confusion with competitors.
Choosing a brand name
Talk to anyone in the business world and they will tell you that a good advertising campaign can only get you so far.
67 So how do you do about choosing one?
A descriptive business name, for example ‘Pete’s Bakery’, might seem the best solution. It effectively communicates what your business is so it is easy for people to understand what you do. This is especially useful if you are a small business with limited advertising budgets. Another bonus is that this sort of name will be thrown up in internet searches, so you may get easy additional business.
However, descriptive names have some drawbacks. The biggest one is if you later decide to expand your business to other areas. 68 Another disadvantage is that these generic names can easily be confused with similarly-named competitors--your customers may find them when they were looking for you.
An increasing number of companies and freelancers are creating a brand around their own name. Think of Adidas or Kellogg’s --when they set up their companies, Adi Dassler and William Kellogg were unknown but they have been so successful that their names have become world-famous brands. 69 This strategy demands more marketing and a strong advertising campaign, which can be costly.
So how do you go about inventing a name? One method is to use acronyms or abbreviations, for example IKEA(IngvarKamprad Elmtaryd Agunaryd). If you prefer, you can use combined names such as Microsoft (Micro+software). 70 It is well worth taking as long as you need to come up with the name that will suit the business and that you can be proud of.
Ⅳ. Summary writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.
“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”
Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication -- e-mails, Web posts and reviews, fact-to-face conversations
-- found that if tended to be more positive than negative, but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times’ website. He and a Penn. colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed The Times’ readers and made them want to share this positive felling with others.
Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feeling like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article was, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, Contagious: Why Things Catch On.
第Ⅱ卷
Ⅰ. Translations
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1. 光刷题不反思是没有用处的。(no use)
2. 即使你在面试中脱颖而出，你也不能骄傲自满。 (stand)
3. 在孩子选专业的时候，父母总是越俎代庖。殊不知，这样并不是对孩子好。(benefit n.)
4. 在毕业典礼上，她回忆起第一次进入高中校园时青涩而懵懂的样子。如今她成熟而自信，并做好准备， 迎接未来的挑战。(recall)
Ⅱ. Guided writing
Directions：Write an English composition in around 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是明启中学的高三学生李华，你的朋友李楠想在高考结束后报班学习驾驶或者第二外语，他发邮件向 你询问有没有兴趣一起学习，请给他回复一封电子邮件，必须包括以下内容： 1.你愿意一起报班学习，并告知感兴趣的内容，二选一；
2.阐述你选择的理由。
（注意：文中请不要出现真实的校名人名）
参考答案
1-5:CADCA 6-10: BCDCB
11-13: ACD 14-16:BCC
17-20: ACDC
21-25 : not only that maintain who screened 26-30 : when higher what one should/can 31-40 : DACFJ BGIHE
41-55 : BCADA DBCDD ADBCB
56-59 : DDAC
60-62 : DDC
63-66 : BDAB
67-70 : EABC
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