黄浦区 2019 学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷
（完卷时间： 120 分钟 满分： 140 分）
2019 年 12 月
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
I love to sleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them. There have even been one or two occasions (21) I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing, not having realized we had even left the ground. So when (22)
(book) my flights, I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit (23) (much) comfort.
Some (24) argue that the aisle（走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the
ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we’re all getting our drinks and snacks
(25) seconds. Also, I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat, he’ll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he (26) (not need) to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he’ll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t (27) (bother) more than once.
As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, or golden sunrise, etc. Most of all, (28)
I’ve been flying for years, I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country (29)
(shrink) into the distance, and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view. And those feelings of adventure and excitement are (30) keep me coming back , flight after flight, to my window seat.
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
Mobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years. But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact（交易）-- the space is much more horizontal, short cutting how we create, share, and protect value.
The latest product of FinTech companies to 31 in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet. It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends, as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to
32 with them. And, on a much deeper level, new FinTechs may 33 consumer expectations in even other tech industries.
With close to half a billion 34 consumers in Southeast Asia alone, there is an entire industry of FinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit - worthiness to give them 35 to finance. Unfortunately, since they don’t have bank accounts, such FinTechs cannot rely on 36 financial information or credit card payments.
One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smart-phone-based credit scoring. It has 37 broad global support, including from the likes of the World-Bank. In one of its reports, the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial
38 , as it could improve customer recording, and, in turn, get an access to credit.
The most common slogan in today’s tech headlines is the “artificial intelligence.” Readers are fascinated with how AI has the 39 to transform every consumer and enterprise（企业）
industry. While such focus is appropriate that AI will 40 change the world, it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand - in - hand with its rise: the wisdom of the crowd.
Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Endangered languages can be found throughout the world. Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers. The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world. When Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were 41 , of which 123 are now known to be extinct. Of the 42 languages, most speakers are grandparents and great - grandparents.
Different researchers offer different definitions of “endangered”. The system of 43
used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas: the 44 of all the speakers, how often the language is conveyed to the next 45 , the rate at which it is losing speakers and the 46 in which it is used. Based on this data, languages are ranked on a six - point scale from “safe” to “severely endangered.” The midpoint, “endangered” refers to language with between 100 and 1,000 speakers who represent about half of the language’s community or ethnic group. The language is spoken only by some parents, of whom very few teach it to their children. It is 47 used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business.
Languages become endangered due to a number of 48 factors including globalization, economics, technology, education policy, and changes in 49 attitudes. As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected, previously 50 language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy, which means learning the area’s majority language.
51 , local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue. Local languages also 52 as communities adopt mobile phones and computers most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages. This trend 53 as these devices connect users to the Internet. At this point, many communities undergo a cultural 54
in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children.
Initiatives to 55 endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years. These efforts tend to focus on two main areas: the documentation of endangered languages, and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large.
|
41. A. at hand |
B. at risk |
C. in use |
D. in view |
|
42. A. ancient |
B. evolving |
C. local |
D. surviving |
|
43. A. assessment |
B. classification |
C. description |
D. research |
|
44. A. age |
B. background |
C. number |
D. religion |
|
45. A. committee |
B. century |
C. generation |
D. government |
|
46. A. content |
B. occupations |
C. situations |
D. themes |
|
47. A. advisedly |
B. efficiently |
C. primarily |
D. rarely |
|
48. A. balancing |
B. complicating |
C. historical |
D. interrelated |
|
49. A. cultural |
B. mental |
C. moral |
D. religious |
|
50. A. foreign |
B. informal |
C. isolated |
D. national |
|
51. A. For example |
B. In contrast |
C. In response |
D. Vice versa |
|
52. A. boom |
B. develop |
C. disappear |
D. suffer |
|
53. A. ceases |
B. changes |
C. increases |
D. starts |
|
54. A. difference |
B. influence |
C. shift |
D. variety |
|
55. A. enrich |
B. purify |
C. refresh |
D. standardize |
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
Many of China’s ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s. The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China, and by far the best known. Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.
Becoming China’s best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment. The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old located in distant parts of the country. In many cases, they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them. Exploring China’s remote areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy, poorly maintained roads by mule
（ 骡 子 ）or on foot. Inns were often dirty food could be polluted, and there was always risk or
violence from rebels, soldiers and robbers.
Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha’s Light, in Wutai County, Shanxi Province. The breathtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A. D., making it the oldest building known in China at the time.
Liang and Lin crawled into the temple’s most forbidding, forgotten areas to determine its age, including one hideaway inhibited by thousands or bats and millions of bedbugs, covered in dust and littered with dead bats. “In complete darkness and among the awful smell, hardly breathing, with thick masks covering our noses and mouths, we measured, drew, and photographed with flashlights for several hours. When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air, we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag. We ourselves had been badly bitten. Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture.” Liand wrote of the experience in an account included in “Liang and Lin; Partners in Exploring China’s Architectual Past.”
56. On their way to the ancient buildings in 1930s, Liang and Lin faced following risks EXCEPT
.
A. accommodations B. personal security C. road conditions D. vehicles
57. Liang and Lin raised public awareness of .
A. documenting smashed historical buildings B. rebuilding historically valuable buildings
C. saving the oldest temples in China D. Protecting historical buildings.
58. While exploring the Temple of Buddha’s Light,
A. Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smell.
B. Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe inside
C. Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped for
D. Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbug’s hideaway
59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Creativeness results in discovery B. Difficulty produces achievement
C. Efforts contribute to happiness D. Responsibilities make development
HP ENVY Photo 7155 All - in - One Printer
Special offers: Free shipping!
l Print, Scan, Copy, Web, Photo
l Print speed ISO: Up to 14 ppm black, up to 9 ppm color
l Go from memory card to photo printout with ease
l Instant Ink ready; High yield ink available
$ 99.99 Add to cart Ships within I business day Product # K7G93A#B1H
For expert advice, price matching, or help with orders, call 1-866-625-6132.
Protect your Device ● 1- Year Standard Warranty Included
with an HP Care Pack ○ 2 Year Next Day Exchange ENVY 5055,6255,7155
$ 18.00
HP Recommends ○ 3 Year Next Day Exchange ENVY 5055,6255,7155
$ 25.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Features Specs Ink&Paper Support Special offers Reviews Get true - to - life photos and increased adaptability. Produce true colors, and set up, connect,
and print right from your mobile device. Go from memory card to photo printout with ease.
HP Photo and Document All - in - One Printers are designed for families and other home users who want a device capable of printing everything from documents, emails and web pages to rich, bright lab- quality photos - with copy and scan tools too.
Active security enabled printer. Intended to be used with containers using only HP original electronic electrical system. Containers with modified or non - HP electronic circuitry may not work, and those that work today may not work in the future.
Print up to twice as many pages with Original HP high-yield ink containers. HP 64 ink containers deliver true colors so all your prints will shine. Create splendid borderless photos and leaflets -- right in your home.
Printing photos just got easier - from social media, the cloud, and your camera - roll gallery.
Amazing scanning, now on your smart-phone. Scan and share to email or the cloud - from virtually anywhere. Ordering ink has never been easier - directly through the app. Easily print photos and everyday documents directly from your smart-phone or tablet.
Get simple Wi-Fi setup in minutes, and start printing fast.
HP. com will accept returns or exchanges for this product up to 30 days after delivery. A restocking fee may apply.
60. Which statement is true of this type of printer?
A. It is a portable printer designed for home and office use.
B. It is a multi - function printer producing high - quality photos.
C. It is an easy - operation printer with a two - year free care pack.
D. It is a wireless - connected printer protected by modified containers.
61. Which of the following words best describe its “ink container”?
A. Adaptable B. Automatic. C. Cost - effective. D. Eco - friendly.
62. If you order this type of printer online today, .
A. you will receive it tomorrow B. you can return it without being charged
C. you can get a care pack on discount D. you can save $ 80.
① Risk is something we face daily. However, some people are obviously more willing to take risks than others.
② Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people are risk - takers. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter, a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells. It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good, and
scientists believe it to be inked to risk - taking. Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors（接收器）
which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives. But not all receptors may be active. When a person had few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received, a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness.
③ researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked 34
men and women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life. The results of the research were consistent with similar studies carried out with rats, and had the same outcome. It concluded that people who are risk-takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not. This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people. They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling, and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerable reduced.
④ Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk - taking, but scientists believe there may
be psychological reasons too. Sensation - seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure. In 1964, psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation - seeking scale. His 40 -item questionnaire, still used today, was given to people who were active in seeking new activities, and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life. While risk
- taking is not a characteristic in itself, it is very much associated with sensation - seeking, as a high sensation - seeker does not evaluate risk in the same way that a low sensation - seeker does. a desire to achieve pleasure means that there is a greater willingness to take more risks.
⑤ There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people may
choose to take more risks than others. However, none of these explanations are definitive.
63. If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors. .
A. he is less likely to feel happy
B. he is more willing to take risks
C. he will eventually become dopamine - addictive
D. he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine
64. The underlined phrase “consistent with” is closest to “ ” in meaning.
A. contrary to B. in agreement with C. at the cost of D. persistent in
65. What can be concluded from paragraph 4?
A. The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking.
B. A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated.
C. The sensation - seeking scale can help to evaluate risk.
D. High sensation - seekers are more common than low ones.
66. This passage mainly talks about .
A. when we learn to take risks B. how risk - taking benefits us
C. what makes risk - takers D. why we should take risks
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Transport has always shaped cities. In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns. Many North American cities were created for the car. But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?
Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport, congestion charges and low emission zones, sustainable gaining and life-cycle costing, and opening data up to companies and academics. And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions. 67 This ha resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline, which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment.
The least dense cities, for example, Houston, have per capita（人均价）carbon emissions
nearly ten times higher than the densest, such as Singapore. 68 This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center, as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur, built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.
69 Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to
choose more efficient -- and often healthier -- forms of transport. Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave, which allows people cycling at 20km /h to hit all green lights during rush hour.
Light weighing and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient. 70 The main options are hydrogen fuel cells, fossil fuel hybrids, and electric vehicles, and the best solution may well vary from city to city.
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much - debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before. It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.
There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper - connected world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective, and display anti - social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing -- empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.
Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and
get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful
friendships with others.
These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming, so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.
Ⅴ. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初。(remain)
完善自我是一个抽象的理想，无法激励一些学生真正对抗惰性。 (incapable)
由于缺乏受过专业训练的教师，一些美国学校很难加入汉语教学的竞争。(shortage)
如今，病人能很便捷地下载他们的医疗记录以获取诸如检测结果之类的信息，大大节省了时间和人力。(so ... that)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120 -150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是李明，你校正在进行高三年级的课程微调，准备将周三下午的第四节课设置
为“艺术欣赏类课程(art appreciation)”或者“学科拓展类课程(subject expansion)”，现广泛征求高三同学的意见。请发一封邮件至校长信箱（邮件中请不要出现真实的校名和姓名），你的邮件内容需包括：
你建议校方设置以上两类课程中的哪一类；
你的理由；
你希望此类课程包含哪些内容。
获得更多试题及答案，欢迎联系微信公众号：ygjjcom
客服微信号：ygjjcom