2020届高三英语专项练习专题九：七选五议论，应用类专练
第I卷（选择题）（每题2分，共40分）
一．七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A（考点25中难）
What Teenagers Can Do To Earn More Respect
As teenagers continue to grow and develop into young adults, the transition (过渡) into adulthood has begun. With so many physical and emotional changes going on, certain manners are often forgotten and other adult traits (特点) are not yet accepted as a way of life. ①
By doing the following things, you will earn more respect.
Contribute to the household
At the very least, clean up after yourself. As a teenager, you are old enough to clean up after yourself. When you make a mess, clean it up. ② All chores that you do help to reduce the load of the person who did them before. Now that you’re old enough and capable, why shouldn’t you contribute to the household?③
Be responsible
④ Whether they are basic things, like brushing your teeth or doing your homework, or more involved chores that contribute to the household, simply fulfill your responsibilities on time. When adults know that they can rely on you, their trust and respect for you will increase.
Solve more of your own problem without asking for help
Instead of taking the easy approach and asking for help, make an effort to solve your problems on your own first. The "easy way" is only easy for you, but it is an extra task for the person from whom you are seeking help. Seek help only after you have make an honest effort to solve your own problems. ⑤ When you become a good problem solver, you increase your value to the community.
A. Everyone has certain responsibilities.
B. By being aware of these manners and traits, you can manage them sooner.
C. The people doing the chores before will greatly appreciate the help.
D. This includes. But is not limited to, your dishes and your room.
E. It will make your life more pleasant.
F. Depending on the problem, 15 minutes of effort is usually a good guideline.
G. When speaking to a group, speak loud enough.
B（考点25中难）
Life can be a lonely thing without friends. Acquaintances（熟人）are easy to come by but true friends are a whole other story.①_______ Learn these four steps if you'd like to be a true friend that can be relied on.
●Be present for their highs and lows.
If you're absent during my struggle，don't expect to be present during my success.
—Will Smith
It's easy to be there for our friends when they ask us out for fun things. ②_______ You might not feel comfortable while spending time with an emotionally weak person on the verge of tears，but true friends are always there when they're needed the most.
●③_______
When people talk，listen completely. Most people never listen.
—Ernest Hemingway
Give your friends the gift of silence so they can drop their baggage and get on with living.
●Accept them as they are.
Happiness can exist only in acceptance.
—George Orwell
If you can't accept people as they are，you will never know the feeling of true friendship.④_______
●Forgive the past.
Holding onto anger is like drinking poison and expecting the other person to die.
—Buddha
⑤_______ If so，you should understand that even the best of us suffer from the occasional slip of the tongue. Holding onto anger over a small mistake will make you look petty（小气的），so let it go.
A. Know when to be silent.
B. Offer your encouragement.
C. But are you willing to be there for the hard times that are the opposite of fun？
D. The best way to develop meaningful connections with true friends you can trust is to become a true friend yourself.
E. Have you ever shouted at a person when you were feeling stressed and wished you could take it back？
F. Never hesitate to speak your thoughts and feelings.
G. Never attempt to "fix" them，no matter how crazy their action might make you.
C（考点26中难）
Five Things Ambitious People Never Say
◆“I can't do this-it's too hard."
Ambitious people never limit themselves or undervalue hard work with these words.①_______.
◆“I'm not good enough."
Ambitious people never say they are not good enough. Saying you are not good enough holds you back and makes you easy to quit when things get a little rough. And quitting when things get a little rough is never a good thing. The most successful people in the world are not quitters.②_______Be confident and believe in yourself, or no one else will.
◆“I won't make it through the obstacles."
Challenges and obstacles are tests of your resolve and desire to succeed.③_______They say they will make it because they know better things lie ahead-the sun always shines after the storm.
◆④_______
The only time people won't take you seriously is if you don't take yourself seriously. Insisting that people won't take you seriously is an excuse not to do what you know you should do. Ambitious people never say these words. Start respecting yourself and honoring what you do and people will respect and take you seriously.
◆“I'm going to fail for sure."
⑤_______It can teach you valuable lessons and redirect you to the right path. Ambitious people don't say they are going to fail and let that stop them from trying. They challenge the fear of failure by taking calculated risks because they know the only time you are truly defeated is when you don't try at all.
A. "People won't take me seriously."
B. "People think me impossible."
C. Ambitious people say they can do everything well.
D. Ambitious people never say they won't make it through the hard times.
E. They are hard workers who believe in themselves and their abilities.
F. Failure is not entirely bad.
G. They tell themselves they can do it.
D（考点26中难）
How to Make Friends
Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. Good friendship has many benefits. It offers companionship, improves self-worth and improves health. There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leave us without a friend. ①____________ But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.
Associate with others.
The first step in making friends is associating with other people. You can go to public places to meet new people. Besides, you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places.
Start a conversation
Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends.②____________ You can always start the conversation. Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people.
③____________
Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together. Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.
Let it grow
It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend.④____________ The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.
Enjoy your friendship
The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves.⑤____________ Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.
A. Be cheerful.
B. Do things together.
C. Do not wait to be spoken to.
D. Try not to find faults (缺点) with your friends.
E. Making new friends comes easy for some people.
F. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.
G. So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.
第II卷（非选择题）（每题1.5分，共60分）
语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（1）
Liu Sijiang(teacher):The Net improves the speed of communication, but there are many people who lie on it Therefore,it is natural that some people are ①__________考点06 (worry)about the girl in Nanjing, who made friends with an American teacher by email.
Xu Yong (student) : These days, ②__________考点08 (make) friends online is a part of many people’s lives. I think we can make good and helpful friends online, just like the girl from Nanjing. So don’t be afraid to do ③__________ 考点11 you think is right.
Ding Yixiang ( student ): As the most ④__________考点 06 (importance) communication tool at present, the Internet helps us to know and understand world affairs. ⑤__________ is also easy to make friends with foreigners through your keyboard ⑥__________, 考点06 a “ friend”might lie to you. Only if young people can control themselves well and know what is good and what is bad, making friends on the Net should not be ⑦__________ 考点01 problem at all.
Zhou Jian ( student) : It is hard to say ⑧__________ 考点11 or not it is good to make friends on the Internet. In fact, some bad and harmful things have indeed happened. However, I like to make friends online. I often share my happiness and sadness ⑨__________ 考点03 my friends there. They can offer me some advice ⑩__________ 考点12 tell me how to solve problems when I am in trouble.
（2）
Gabi Rizea only discovered his talent for woodcarving three years ago, and has since put ① to good use, saving dozens of old tree stumps (树桩) from② 考点08 (remove) by turning them into impressive works of art.
Rizea became a woodcarver③ 考点06 (complete) by accident. Three years ago, after buying himself a new chainsaw (链锯), he ④ 考点09 (start) “playing” with it on a block of wood. He tried carving a human face into the wood, and to his surprise, it turned out pretty good. Today, he is so good at woodcarving that his home city allows him to work his magic on old tree stumps and so far about 40 works of art ⑤ 考点09 (create) in the local parks.
“In 99% of the cases, the wood just doesn’t match my ideas,” he said in an interview. “I first have to remove all the rotten parts, and sometimes,⑥ 考点11 is left isn’t enough for my designs.”
Following his recent rise to fame, Rizea has been asked by many⑦ 考点 04 (city), including the capital of Romania to transform their old tree trunks⑧ 考点03 works of art. He promised to honor their requests, but he will never repeat any of the artworks⑨ 考点08 (find) in his home city.
In spite of his obvious talent, the Romanian⑩ 考点04 (art) recently got into art school in order to fully master woodcarving.
（3）
Would you like to explore(勘探) the oceans? Do you want to find ①____________ 考点06 life than we imagine there? For Jacques Cousteau, the answer was "yes". His career was a lifelong dream, and he has been ②____________ 考点06 (probable) the most famous ocean scientist in recent times.
Cousteau was born in France in 1910. Even ③____________ 考点 03 a child, he loved water. Cousteau was bright, ④____________ 考点12 he got bored with school and began to cause trouble. His parents sent him to a strict boarding school. There, Cousteau finally ⑤____________ 考点09 (challenge). He studied hard and did well in all his courses. In 1933, he served as a general officer in the French Navy. He also began to explore the life under the water. worked ⑥____________ 考点03 a breathing machine to stay under water longer. It was finished in 1943.
In 1948,Cousteau became a captain, and he had new duties. Even so, he continued to explore the oceans. Two years later, he became the president of the French Oceanographic Campaigns. He also bought a ship ⑦____________考点08 (help) with his dives. But he ⑧____________ 考点09 (need) a way to get money for his trips. To do that, he produced many films and published a number of hooks. His films include The Silent World(1956) and World Without Sun (1966). One of his books is The Living Sea (1963).
In 1974, he founded the Cousteau Society, ⑨____________考点10 function was to further oceanic research arid encourage people to help protect the oceans and the life within them.
Cousteau won many honors for his work, ⑩____________ 考点03 (include) the Presidential Medal of Freedom and membership in the French Academy in 1989.
（4）
Language is always changing. In a society ① __________考点10 life continues year after year with few changes, the language does not change either. The earliest known languages had difficult grammar ②__________考点12 a small, limited vocabulary. Over the century, the grammar changed, and the vocabulary grew. For example, the English and Spanish people who came to America during the ③__________(sixteen) century gave names to all the new plants and animals they④__________考点09 (find). In this way, hundreds of new words ⑤__________考点09 (introduce) into English and Spanish vocabularies. Today life ⑥__________考点09 (change) very fast, and language is changing fast too.
There ⑦__________(be) several major language families in the world. Some scientists say there are nine main families, but other scientists divide them ⑧__________考点06 (different). The languages in each family are connected, and scientists think it is the same parent language ⑨__________they came from. About 3 percent of the people in the world speak languages ⑩__________考点10 are not in these major families.
参考答案
一、七选五
A、答案：1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. F
解析：
1. 前句中出现的manners和B选项中的manners和traits 恰好呼应,语义上也能起到承上启下的作用,所以判断B选项正确。
2. 前文讲你应该学会自己收拾卫生,而D选项恰好能承接上文,故D选项正确。
3. 本段内容是建议青少年要学会做家务活来帮助家人,所以所填句子应该和帮忙做家务有关。而且从段落安排上看，最后一句话应该起到总结概括作用，由此判断C选项正确。
4. 由后句Whether they are basic things可以推断前句应该出现they所替代的名词,而根据下文举的例子like brushing your teeth or doing your homework等知A选项符合语境.能引领下文。A项句意:每个人都有一定的责任。
5. 在本段中作者建议人们不要轻易向人求助,要在自己努力而未果的情况下去找人帮忙,纵观选项,只有F选项符合语境, 能承接上文。
B、答案：1. D 2. C 3. A 4. G 5. E
C、答案：1. G 2. E 3. D 4. A 5. F
D、答案：1. E 2. C 3. B 4. G 5. D
解析：
每个人都需要朋友,朋友间的友谊能够促进健康并且提升自我价值。那么当你搬到一个陌生的地方,怎样才能交到新朋友呢?在文中作者提出了有关结交新朋友和维持友谊的几点建议。首先,要走出去和别人接触。其次,要主动和别人谈话。再次,要让友谊慢慢发展,而不要急于求成。
1. E根据But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.可知前句应该从意思上和后句构成转折关系,纵观选项可知E项符合语境,句意:对于某些人来说结交新朋友很容易。故选E。
2. C根据语境可知此处是关于如何和别人开始对话,而C选项内容恰好和能够承接上下文,句意:不要等着别人和你说话,你也可以先开口说话。故选C。
3. B在本段中作者认为共同的兴趣和爱好会让人们聚在一起,和这样的人做朋友是很快乐的事情。由此可知B选项是本段内容的概括。句意是:要在一起做事情。故选B。
4. G根据上下文可知作者认为友谊的培养需要时间,频繁的电话或短信会让人疲倦,不利于友谊的培养,纵观选项G项内容恰好能起到承上启下的作用,所以G选项正确。
5. D根据上下文可知作者在此段讲述如何享受朋友间的关系,提到不要试图改变朋友,要让朋友做真正的自己,由此可知D选项内容恰好符合语境。句意:不要对朋友挑剔。故选D。
二、语法填空
（1）答案：worried; making; what; important; It; However; a; whether; with; and
解析：
1. 考査形容词。be worried about对......担心。
2. 考査非谓语动词。动名词作主语。
3. 考查宾语从句。what引导do的宾语从句。
4. 考查形容词。句意:做为最重要的交流工具,网络让我们了解世界上发生的事情。
5. 考查代词。It is adj to do,it做形式主语,真正的主语是后面不定式。
6. 考查副词。句意:然而,朋友是不会对你说谎的。
7. 考査冠词。a在这表示泛指。
8. 考查主语从句,whether...or not是否。
9. 考査介词。share sth with sb与某人分享某物。
10.考查连词。句意:他们提供给我一些建议并告诉我如何在困难中解决问题。
（2）答案： it; being removed; completely; started; have been created; what; cities; into; found; artist
解析：
1. put后缺宾语,故需要填代词,此处it代替前面的talent, put it to good use投入使用。故填it。
2. 在介词from后,应用动词-ing形式。保护树桩不被移走,而是变成艺术品。树桩与移走是被动。故填being removed。
3. 此处修饰谓语became。故填completely。
4. 此处用过去时,因为时间状语为three years ago。故填 started。
5. 此句中用时间状语so far,所以时态用现在完成时,作品与创作是被动。故填have been created。
6. 此处为主语从句,主语从句中缺主语。故填what。
7. 此处跟在many后用复数。故填cities。
8. 固定搭配:transform…into…把......转化成 。故填into。
9. 此处found为过去分词作定语,修饰artworks,作品与发现是被动。故填found。
10. 此处指的是Gabi Rizea,所以指人,Romanian是形容词,修饰名词。故填artist。
（3）答案：1. more 2. probably 3. as 4. but/yet 5. was challenged 6. on 7. to help 8. needed 9. whose 10. including
解析：
本文主要介绍了法国著名的海洋科学家 Cousteau的相关情况。
1. more考查固定搭配。more... than..."比起 更 "。
2. probably考査副词。他可能是近代最著名的海洋科学家。此处应用副词修饰动词,故填probably。
3. as考查介词。共至当他还是个孩子的时候,他就爱上了水。 as表示”在某一年龄段时"。
4. but/yet考査连词。根据语境可知,前后句是转折关系,应用 but/yet 。
5. was challenged考查时态和语态。在那甩,他最终受到了激励。由全文的时态可知,应用一般过去时;Cousteau是被激励的,故应用被动语态。
6. on考査介词。work on sth."努力改善(或完成)某事”。
7. to help考査动词不定式。他还买了一艘船来帮助他潜水。此处应用动词不定式表示目的。
8. needed考査时态。由前面的"bought"可知,此处应用一般过去时。
9. whose考査定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处引导定语从句,且在从句中作定语,修饰"function",故填whose。
10. including考査介词。Cousteau赢得了很多荣誉,包括(including)总统自由勋章和1989年获得的法国学术会员身份。
（4）答案：where; but; sixteen; had found/found; were introduced; is changing; are; differently; that; that/which
解析：1.考查定语从句。
2.考查连词。根据上下文判断为转折关系。
3.考查序数词。此处根据定冠词the判断为序数词形式。
4.考查时态。根据前文可知用一般过去时态或者过去完成时态。
5.考查时态和语态。根据前后文可知是过去时间,且表示被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。
6.考查时态。根据后文and language is changing fast too可知。
7.考查there be结构。
8.考查副词。此处为副词修饰divide。
9.考查强调句型。
10.考查定语从句。修饰先行词languages,从句中缺少主语,故用that或which。
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