Unit 3: Contemporary style
词汇讲解
1. fashion n．时尚
The fashion spread rapidly．这种时髦式样迅速流行起来。
A young lady dressed in the latest fashion is waiting for you．一个穿着时髦的年轻女子正在等你。
【搭配】 be in fashion流行，时髦
come into fashion开始流行
be／go out of fashion不流行，过时
Faded jeans are still in fashion．褪色牛仔裤仍然很时髦。
These hats are now out of fashion．这些帽子的款式现在不流行了。
【拓展】 fashionable a时兴的；时髦的；流行的
2.·illustrate V．(用例子、图片等)说明，解释，阐明
To illustrate my talk．I have brought along five objects．为了举例说明，我随身带来了五件物品。
【搭配】illustrate sth with sth \ by doing sth
3. object n．物品；物体
A bright moving object appeared in the sky at sunset．日落时分，天空中出现了一个明亮移动的物体。
【拓展】
1)object n.目标；对象
The young man can speak five foreign languages fluently，and he has become an object of admiration to all.
这个年轻人能流利地说五种外语，成为大家羡慕的对象。
2)object V．反对；不赞成
object to something／doing something反对某事；反对做某事
【注意】词组object to中的to是介词，所以后面跟上动词的话要用动词的-ing形式。
They objected to(accepting)our proposal．他们反对(接受)我们的提议。
4. keen adj．热衷的
【搭配】be keen on something／doing something热衷于某事；热衷于做某事
be keen to do something渴望做某事
Dolly wants to cycle around the world and she is really keen on the idea．
多莉想骑车环球世界，她对这个想法非常着迷。
My son is keen to make a trip to Hong Kong this summer．我儿子非常渴望今年夏天去香港旅游。
【拓展】keen adj．敏锐的
Dogs have a keen sense of smell．狗嗅觉灵敏。
A good detective should command keen powers of observation 一个好的侦探需具备敏锐的观察力。
5．sight n. 名胜； 景象、景物; 视力;视线、视野
Come and see the sight of London.
It was a good chance to see the sights of the city.
Birds have better sight than dogs.
【搭配】at the first sight 乍一看
at the sight of 看到
in\ with sight 可以看到，在视线内
out of sight 看不见
|
翻译： 1． 一看到他那可爱的女儿，他就容光焕发。
2． 眼不见，心不烦。
Keys: His face lit up at the sight of his lovely daughter. Out of sight, out of mind. |
6. ruin v．毁坏；毁灭；损害
The storm ruined the crops．暴风雨毁坏了庄稼。
Our barbecue was ruined by the heavy rain．我们的烤肉野餐被大雨弄得一团糟。
【拓展】ruin n．毁坏，毁灭；(复数)废墟，遗址
The news meant the ruin of all our hopes．这消息意味着我们一切的希望都破灭了。
The house has gone to ruin through years of neglect．这幢房子因年久失修而破败不堪。
7．affect v. ①影响，作用 ②震动，感动 ③(指疾病)侵袭某人、某物；感染
Their opinion will not affect my decision.
She was deeply affected by the news of the film star’s death.
Her kidneys had become affected.
【拓展】 have an effect on 对……产生影响
8. extinct adj．绝种的；灭绝的
The dinosaur is an extinct species．恐龙是一个已灭绝的物种。
【拓展】extinction n．绝种；灭绝
Efforts have been made to prevent the extinction of the giant panda．已经做出努力防止大熊猫灭绝。
9. judge V．判断，断定；审理，审判
Never judge a book by its cover．不要以貌取人
A man should be judged by his deeds，not by his words．判断一个人应根据他的行为，而不是他的言词。
Who will be judging this murder case?谁将审理这宗谋杀案?
【搭配】judging by／from…从…来判断
Judging from／by his accent, I think he must be from Wales．
听他的口音，我认为他准是威尔士人。
10. award n．奖品；奖状；奖金
She showed us the athletic awards she had won. 她给我们看她赢得的体育运动奖品。
【拓展】award v．颁发；授予
award somebody something／award something to somebody授予某人某物
The government awarded her a gold medal for her achievement.
政府因她的成就授予一枚金质奖章。，
【比较】reward n. 奖赏；给某人报酬
reward somebody with something 奖赏给某人某物
She rewarded him with a smile．她向他报之以一笑。
The old man rewarded the boy with $10 for bringing back his lost dog.
小男孩帮助老人找回了丢失的狗，老人给了他十美元作为酬劳。
11. remind v. 提醒，使某人想起
This remains us that fashion is not the most important thing in life．
这提醒我们时尚不是生活中最重要的东西。
【搭配】remind somebody of something 使某人想起某事
remind somebody to do something 提醒某人做某事
remind somebody that…提醒某人
Please remind me to call Tom this afternoon．请提醒我下午给汤姆打电话。
12. promote v. 促进，增进
Since this new programme has proved to be a good way to promote safety and discipline. Other schools soon followed.
由于这个新方案被证明是提高安全和纪律的好方法，其他学校也很快效仿。
The president’s visit will promote friendship between our two countries.
总统的来访将促进我们两国之间的友谊。
【拓展】promote v. 提升，升职
He was promoted from sales manager to general manager within a year. 一年之内，他由销售经理提升为总经理。
推销，促销
It is a good idea to promote our new product on television. 通过电视促销我们的新产品是个好主意。
13. resistance （to sth.） n.. 抵抗，抵抗力
The demonstrators offered little or no resistance to the police. 示威群众对警察没怎么抵抗。
【拓展】resist sth \ doing sth. v. 抵制，抵抗
A healthy body resists disease. 健康的身体能抵御疾病。
I couldn't resist laughing when he told me the joke. 他给我讲了个笑话，我忍不住大笑起来
be resistant to 对……抵抗
知识点讲解：
1. 过去分词作定语
I’m holding an old hat borrowed from a drama company.
我手里拿着一顶从剧团借来的旧帽子。
borrowed from a drama company是定语，修饰hat。因为borrow和hat之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式，相当于which was borrowed from a drama company。
On stepping into the room，I saw a bunch of flowers bought by Mum．
我一踏进房间，就看见妈妈买的一束鲜花。
The hat made of beaver fur was borrowed from a drama company．
这顶海狸毛做的帽子是从一家剧团借来的。
2．the+比较级，the+比较级
when buying clothes，I think the more you spend the better the quality．
买衣服时，我认为你花钱越多质量就越好。
when buying clothes是现在分词作时间状语，相当于when you buy clothes．
While walking along the street，he met a friend who he hadn’t seen for years．
走在街上时，他遇见了一位好久没见的老朋友。
“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构表示“越……，越……”。
The more carefully you do the work，the fewer mistakes you will make．
你干活越仔细，犯的错就越少。
3. The introduction of school uniforms has helped reduce school violence.
校服的引入已经对减少校园暴力起了作用。
introduction 在句中译为“引入，引进”
Because of the introduction of the new policy, the working efficiency has improved greatly.
由于引入了新政策，工作效率大大提高。
4. the number of fights decreased by 40 per cent ...
"the number of + 复数名词" 译为 “…的数量”，作主语时，中心名词是number，所以句子的谓语动词应用单数形式。
The number of books in our city library is very large.
我们城市图书馆里书籍的数量是很大的。
【对比】 "a number of +复数名词” 意为“许多”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
A great number of volunteers are planting trees to beautify the environment.
为了美化环境，很多志愿者在植树。
练习：
Section A： 
Choose the right answer
Almost all the villagers ______ the mountains covered with trees and bushes anxiously ______ lost boy.
A. searched for …… for B. searched ……for C. looked at …… for D. looked for …… for
2. The government is trying to do something to ____________ better understanding between the two countries.
A. raise B. promote C. heighten D. increase
3. Hilary always tells her daughter that pride comes before fall, which has always been kept in her daughter's mind.
A. the; the B. /;/ C. the;/ D. /;a
4. In the afternoon, there was a traffic jam the heavy fog.
A. due to B. because C. since D. for
5. Every possible means been tried to end the disaster, but without luck.
A. had B. are C. have D. has
6. He said he was ready to give jobs to both of us we could assure him we intended to stay.
A. as far as B. because C. so long as D. until
7. a foreign teacher to give them lessons next term.
A. It is likely to have B. There is likely to be
C. There is likely to have D. It is likely to be
8. Mr. Black wanted to buy the house and he told me that the house cost, it would be it.
A. however; worth B. how much; worth C. whatever; worth D. what; worthy
9. To learn English well, .
A. it must be spoken regularly B. much practice is needed
C. it is necessary to practice a lot D. one must do much practice
10. Miss Australia Miss Universe 2004 in a two hour pageant by hundreds of millions of television viewers around the world.
A. names; watched B. named; watching
C. was named; to watch D. has been named; watched
11. I am angry，for Peter took away my bike without asking for my______.
A．admission B．forgiveness C．permission D．appreciation
12． Fruit and vegetables actively_____health by providing bodies with vitamins，fiber and nutrients. Which of tile following is IMPROPER?
A． promote B. improve C. strengthen D. build
13. Consuming 400 grams of a variety of vegetables and fruits every day can______ cancer rate by about 20％
A．fall B．increase C．decrease D. raise
14. Some travelers prefer to stay at one place to relax while others would rather go around to see as many_____as possible.
A. sights B. sightseeing C. scenery D. scenes
15. He quickly became bored with the_____work and planned to change his job.
A．dramatic B．monotonous C. extravagant D．exciting
16．The Taiwan pop singer has arrived in Shanghai to______his newly released album.
A．produce B．manufacture C．record D. promote
17.The US is required to ______the issue according to the international rules.
A．cope B．deal C．handle D. handle with
18. The Shanghai Health Supervision Agcncy______160 unlicensed private clinics during an inspection campaign.
A．set up B settled down C．closed down D. brought down
19．The village is so poor that the school can hardly______to hire an English teacher.
A. afford B．award C．offer D. supply
20．Some government officials______their careers by gambling and taking bribes and end up in prison．
A．promote B．reward C．ruin D. damage
Keys: 1. BB DCA 6. DDADB 11. CDCAB 16 . DCCAC
Section B： Fill in the blanks with suitable words or phrases from the list given below. Change the form where necessary.
|
remind resistance promote ruin extinct .search pressure illustrate academic fashionable |
1. Owing to its high ___level, the school enjoyed great popularity with parents.
2. The teacher wrote an example on the blackboard to _______the point.
3. The South China tiger will become ____unless some measures are taken.
4. The new policy met with strong______ from the employees.
5. Regular communication will ______understanding between a child and parents.
6. It's becoming _____to wear long skirts again.
7. College life is very demanding and students often feel a lot of_____.
8. It's my fault that I forgot to ______him of the meeting.
9. The rumor _____ his reputation and he was forced to quit his job.
10. Mary ______the newspaper for the suitable job vacancy.
Keys: 1. academic 2. illustrate 3. extinct 4. resistance 5. promote
6. fashionable 7. pressure 8. remind 9. ruined 10.searched
Section C：Translation
开始流行
用……阐明……
反对做某事
乍一看
在某处寻找……
向某人抱怨……
与……联系在一起
热衷于做某事
提醒某人某事
抵制……的诱惑
Keys: 1. Come into fashion 2. illustrate sth with 3. object to doing sth 4. at first sight 5. search sp for sth 6. complain to sb. of sth 7. be linked to 8. be keen on sth 9. remind sb of sth 10. resist the temptation
Section D：Reading
(A)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
|
A. contest B. finding C. raised D. ended E. grown F. extremely G. managing H. incredible I. charities J. virtually |
The Beginning of Miss World
In 1951 Eric Morley had been working for the Mecca Group for almost five years. It had been, in many ways, a tough time for everyone, because the Second World War had 37 only six years ago. But Eric had the foresight to see the new mood of optimism( 乐观主义）that was starting to sweep the country.
At that time, Eric was 38 the Lyceum Ballroom in the Strand. When it was announced that the Festival of Britain was being held on the South Bank, just across the Thames, Eric began to wonder how he could capitalize(利用)on the huge 39 which was taking place virtually on his doorstep.
He realized that the answer was simple — he would encourage visitors to the Festival of Britain to cross Waterloo Bridge by hosting a beauty 40 at his dance hall. Not just any old beauty contest at his dance hall. Not just any old beauty contest though; this com petition had to be one similar to the celebrations taking place on the South Bank. So he came up with the ambitious idea of 41 the most beautiful woman in the world.
And so Miss World was born. A competition has 42 into one of the world's biggest and most loved events. Who could have guessed that it would also become one of the country's big gest generators of money for children's charities? It has now 43 incredible millions of pounds thanks to the theme "Beauty with a Purpose" that was created by Julia Morley 25 years ago. This 44 success is largely because of the 45 strong and popular Miss World brand that has developed over the last 51 years. The success can he measured by the fact that Miss World is now franchised (授权) in more than 140 countries.
37. DGIAB 42. EJHF
(B)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
There was once a man who spent all his spare time in one of his four glass-houses, Flowers was his name, and flowers were his main joy in life. He grew flowers of every color under the sun, with the names as long and 46 as those of the rulers of Ancient Rome. He 47 these flowers in order to enter them for competitions. One of his ambitions in life was to grow a rose of an entirely 48 color, which would win him the silver cup for the Rose of the Year.
Mr. Flowers' 49 were very close to a public path. This path was already used by children and young people walking to and from school. Boys of around thirteen years of age, in 50 , were often tempted to throw a stone or two at one of Mr. Flowers' glass — houses. They 51 to resist the temptation when Mr. Flowers was about, but the tempta tion often proved to be too strong when Mr. Flowers was nowhere to be seen. 52 , Mr. Flowers did his best to be in or close by his glass-houses at the beginning and end of the school day.
____53___, it was not always convenient or 54 to be on guard at these times. Mr. Flowers had tried in many ways to prevent damage to his glass; but nothing that he had done had been 55 . He had been to the school to complain to the headmasters; but this had not done any good. He had 56 in the bushes and chased the boys that threw stones into his garden; but the boys could run faster than he could, and they 57 at him from a distance. He had even walked along the path and picked up all loose stones that he could find, 58 the boys would have nothing to throw, but they soon found others, or threw lumps of earth instead.
Then, just as he was giving 59 hope of ever winning the battle, and of growing the Rose of the Year, he had a truly marvelous idea. He put up a large notice made of good strong wood, some 60 away from the glass-houses where it could be clearly seen from the path. He had painted on the board the words: DO NOT THROW STONES AT THIS NOTICE. After this, Mr. Flowers had no further trouble; the boys were much more temp ted to throw stones at the notice than at the glass-houses.
( )46. A. difficult B. easy C. different D. fresh
( )47. A. sold B. collected C. grew D. loved
( )48. A. beautiful B. bright C. shining D. new
( )49. A. rooms B. flowers C. glass-houses D. friends
( )50. A. fact B. particular C. surprise D. time
( )51. A. wanted B. managed C. had D. tried
( )52. A. In a way B. Somehow C. For this reason D. Instead
( )53. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Finally
( )54. A. possible B. necessary C. pleasant D. tiring
( )55. A. useless B. correct C. mistaken D. successful
( )56. A. hidden B. stayed C. slept D. sat
( )57. A. smiled B. shouted C. looked D. laughed
( )58. A. which B. so that C. in order that D. that
( )59. A. in B. up C. away D. out
( )60. A. miles B. inches C. kilometers D. blocks
46. ACDCB 51. BCAAD 56. ADBBD
(C)
In the mid 1940's,the young ambitious duo Ruth and Elliot Handler, owned a compa ny that made wooden pictures frames. It was in 1945 that Ruth and Elliot Handler joined with their close friend Harold Mattson to form a company that would be known for the most famous and successful doll ever created. This company would be named Mattel, MATT for Mattson, and EL for Elliot.
In the mid 1950?s,while visiting Switzerland Ruth Handler purchased a German Lilli doll. Lilli was a shapely, pretty fashion doll first made in 1955. She was originally fashioned after a famous cartoon character in the West German Newsletter, Build.
Lilli is the doll that would inspire Ruth Handler to design the Barbie doll. With the help of her technicians and engineers at Mattel, Barbie was born. Ruth then hired Charlotte Johnson, a fashion designer, to create Barbie's wardrobe. It was in 1958 that the patent for Barbie was obtained. This would be a fashion doll unlike any of her time. She would be long limbed(肢),shapely, beautiful, and only 11. 5 inches tall. Ruth and Elliot would name their new fashion doll after their own daughter, Barbie.
In 1959,the Barbie doll would make her way to the New York Toy Show and receive a cool reception from the toy buyers. Barbie has undergone a lot of changes over the years and has managed to keep up withcurrent trends in hairstyles, makeup and clothing. She is a reflection of the history of fash ion since her introduction to the toy market.
Barbie has a universal appeal (吸引力 ) and collectors both young and old enjoy time spent and memories made with their dolls.
61. When Ruth and Elliot Handler was young, they had a strong desire .
A. to go to school B. to take photos C. to make frames D. to be highly successful
62. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that Lilli was fashioned after .
A. Build B. a German doll C. a pretty girl D. a shapely woman
63. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Barbie doll?
A. She does not attract young men.
B. She has undergone many changes over the years.
C. She is 11. 5 inches tall.
D. She has managed to keep up with fashion.
61. DAA
(D)
David Jones earns 35,000 a year designing new computer games, yet he cannot find a bank prepared to let him have a credit card. Instead, he has been told to wait another two years until he is 18.
David works for a small firm in Liverpool, where the problem of most young people of his age is finding a job. But David's biggest headache is what to do with his money. In spite of his salary, earned by inventing new programs with tight schedule, with extra payments and profit-sharing, he cannot drive a car, or gain credit cards. David got his job four months ago, a year after leaving school. He got the job because the people who run the firm knew he had already written some programs.
"I suppose $ 34,000 sounds a lot but actually that's not the case," he said. "I hope it will come to more than that this year. Unfortunately, computing was not part of our studies at school, but I had been studying it in books and magazines for four years in my spare time. I knew what I wanted to do and never considered staying on at school. Most people in this business are fairly young, any way. "
David added: "I would like to earn a million and I suppose early retirement is a pos sibility. You never know when the market might disappear. "
64. Why is David different from other young people of his age?
A. He earns a remarkably high salary.
B. He is not out of work.
C. He does not go out too much.
D. He does not have a credit card.
65. He was hired by the firm because .
A. he had worked in a computer shop
B. he had written some computer games
C. he had worked very hard
D. he had learned to use computers at school
66. Why did David think he might retire early?
A. People had to be young to write computer games.
B. He wanted to stop working when he was a millionaire.
C. He thought computer games might not always sell so well.
D. He thought his firm might lose money.
64. ABC
获得更多试题及答案，欢迎联系微信公众号：ygjjcom
客服微信号：ygjjcom