高考押题 精粹
英语
本卷共18题，三种题型：阅读理解、英语知识运用和写作。阅读理解10小题，英语知识运用4小题，写作4小题。
第一部分 阅读理解 (共10小题)
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。
A1
All around the world, an increasing number of people are spending their time taking part in online volunteering projects. What encourages them to help strangers without expectation of money or even thanks?
Radha Taralekar helped teach Imelda how to protect herself from HIV, though the two have never met, and neither knows the other’s name. Taralekar received no payment for the job. For Taralekar, the project gave her the chance to use her professional experience. “I want to serve people with my medical knowledge,” she said. For some, the inspiration to volunteer online was far more personal. After losing his wife to cancer, Tony Selman spent many hours online helping Cancer Research to collect information on the illness. “Seeing how painful she was when my wife was dying, I decided to help scientists find a way to treat cancer,” he said.
Interests and hobbies are also one of the reasons. Sam Luk joined other online volunteers to try to help the police solve murder cases. The police posted them online, calling for volunteers to help them to make sense of the messages. “I am interested in this and I love Sherlock Holmes,” said Luk.
For writer Clay Shirky, some large online volunteering projects help millions of people, giving him a sense of achievement. He helps write Wikipedia, the world’s biggest encyclopedia (百科全书), which is written by people willing to use their professional knowledge.
1. We can know that Radha Taralekar may be a ____.
A. teacher B. doctor
C. writer D. policewoman
2. Why did Tony Selman decide to help Cancer Research?
A. He had much time to spend online.
B. He saw many people die of cancer.
C. His wife was dead because of cancer.
D. He became a member of Cancer Research.
3. Sam Luk volunteered to help the police because of ____.
A. his interests and hobbies
B. his duty of work
C. money in return
D. a sense of achievement
4. How many reasons why people help strangers online are mentioned in the text?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
【答案】 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D
【解析】
1. B推理判断题。根据第二段第一句和最后一句可推断Radha Taralekar是位医生。
2. C细节理解题。根据第二段“After losing his wife to cancer ...”及Tony所说的话“Seeing how painful she was when my wife was dying, I decided to help scientists find a way to treat cancer”可知答案。
3. A细节理解题。根据第四段“Interests and hobbies are also one of the reasons. Sam Luk joined other online volunteers to try to help the police solve murder cases.”可知，Sam帮助警察破案的动机是出于兴趣和爱好。
4. D推理判断题。作者在本文第二、三、四段分析了网上志愿者无偿帮助陌生人的四个主要原因，由此可知答案。
A2
At times my mom has been uncomfortable seeing these qualities in me. For example，when I was 12，I went to Puerto Rico all by myself to stay with my grandmother for the summer. My mom was extremely nervous about it. She kept telling me how things were different in Puerto Rico，to always put on sunscreen，not to wander away from my grandmother，and other warnings. She helped me pack and did not leave the airport until she saw my plane take off.
But despite her worries，she let me go on my own. As I moved into my teens，she continued to give me space to grow and learn，even when it might have been difficult for her. When I reached my senior year，I decided to move away for college. Once again I found that I differed from my peers：While many of them wanted to stay close to home，I couldn’t wait to be out in the world on my own. While my mom may not have been happy at the thought of my going away，she was supportive and excited for me.
One big thing I realized during my senior year，as my mom granted me more freedom，was that she actually believes in me and trusts me. That means a lot. Most of my life，and especially when I was little，the main person I tried to impress in my schoolwork or other things was my mother. I knew she expected nothing but the best from me. Sometimes it was hard to live up to her standards: getting a single B on my report card would make me feel bad because I knew she wanted me to have all A’s.
I know that her high standards have helped me stay focused on what’s important，like education，and made me who I am. I am thankful for her support and involvement in my life .Most of all I respect her. She is the strongest woman I know and that’s why I have turned out so strong and independent.
5. When the author decided to go to Puerto Rico，his mother________.
A．wanted to go with him
B．worried about his safety
C．didn’t allow him to do so
D．asked his grandmother for advice
6. Why did the author decide to move away for college?
A．He wanted to be different from his peers.
B．He planned to keep away from his mother.
C．He intended to make his mother unhappy.
D．He wanted to be independent in the outside world.
7. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that the author’s mother________.
A．was too strict with him
B．cared little about his learning
C．had a high expectation of him
D．used to expect nothing from him
8. What does the author mainly want to tell us in the text?
A．His mother’s deep love for him
B．His long way to become independent
C．His good relationship with his mother
D．The importance of his mother’s trust and support
【答案】5.B 6.D 7.C 8.D
【解析】
5. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My mom was extremely nervous about it”可知，作者独自到Puerto Rico去，作者的母亲担心作者的安全。
6. D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“While many of them wanted to stay close to home，I couldn’t wait to be out in the world on my own”，可推断作者想独立。
7. C 推理判断题。文章第三段的“I knew she expected nothing but the best from me”可推断，作者的妈妈对作者是充满了期望的。
8. D主旨大意题。分析文章的大意，并结合全文的内容，可知作者的妈妈在作者的成长过程中充分地给予作者信任让他独立的发展。
A3
Would you eat a ready meal from the fridge rather than cook from scratch? Have you been doing Internet shopping rather than going to the stores? What can’t you be bothered to do?
A study into how lazy British people are has found more than half of adults are so idle that they’d catch the lift rather than climb two flights of stairs.
Just over 2，000 people were interviewed by independent researchers at Nuffield Health, Britain’s largest health charity. The results were surprising.
About one in six people surveyed said if their remote control was broken, they would continue watching the same channel rather than get up.
More than one third of those questioned said they would not run to catch a bus. Worryingly, of the 654 respondents with children, 64% said they were often too tired to play with them.
This led the report to conclude that it’s no wonder that one in six children in the UK are classified as obese before they start school. Dr.Sarah Dauncey, medical director of Nuffield Health, said, “People need to get fitter, not just for their own sake, but for the sake of their families, friends and evidently their pets too. If we don’t start to take control of this problem, a whole generation will become too unfit to perform even the simple tasks.”
And Scotland’s largest city, Glasgow, was shamed as the most indolent city in the UK, with 75% surveyed admitting they do not get enough exercise, followed closely by Birmingham and Southampton, both with 67%.
The results pose serious challenges for the National Health Service, where obesity related illnesses such as heart disease and cancer have been on a steady increase for the past 40 years and are costing billions of pounds every year.
9. What do lazy British people probably choose to do?
A. Go to stores. B. Catch the lift.
C. Cook from scratch. D. Climb flights of stairs.
10. How many people surveyed don’t play with children because of tiredness?
A. About 333. B. About 419.
C. About 654. D. About 1280.
11. What is the potential result of more and more people, including children, getting obese?
A. People will not get enough exercise.
B. People will not have enough money.
C. People will not be able to do the easy job.
D. People will not cure themselves of heart disease.
12. What is the author’s attitude towards the finding of the study?
A. Indifferent. B. Doubtful. C. Negative. D. Supportive.
【答案】：9. B 10.B 11.C 12.D
【解析】
9.B 细节理解题。根据第二段提到：一个研究英国人是如何懒惰的研究表明一半以上的成年人会做电梯而不是爬两节扶梯。
10.B 细节理解题。根据第五段提到：令人担心的是，654人中有百分之六十四的人由于疲惫而懒得陪孩子们玩，故选B项。
11.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段提到：如果我们不开始控制这个问题，将会有一代人因为变得不健康而丧失基本的劳动能力。
12.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段提到：调查结果给英国国民健康服务体系提出了严重挑战，因为在过去40年来，像心脏病和癌症这些与肥胖相关的疾病一直呈稳步上升态势，而每年的医疗投入和花费都高达数十亿英镑可知，作者对这项研究是深信不疑的。
A4
Nobody likes an old poop（傻子）. Developing a sense of humor is part of becoming a mature, emotionally healthy individual. Laughter is good for the soul, builds friendships and relieves stress. It serves as the glue for social situations and as an ice-breaker for sadness and boredom. If you’ve ever been told to “lighten up” or “chill out”, you should save the blue attitude for serious situations and develop your sense of humor.
Forgive the accidental. A sudden fall is humorous not because we like to see people fall, but because it surprises. From a spilled（溢出）water glass in a meeting to Aunt Rae’s teeth coming off in the Thanksgiving turkey, the embarrassment of accidents can be relieved by humor and a helping hand. After making sure that nobody’s hurt, forgive accidents with a chuckle（咯咯地笑）rather than a scolding.
Look for the unexpected. The kid who used to look at you with his eyes closed during a test had the idea. Parents who serve green eggs and ham to their children on graduation day get the idea. Unexpected actions lighten an atmosphere and relax people.
Learn to laugh with your kids. Most of what children say and do is funny. Help them learn that accidents are sometimes funny and sometimes occasions for joining in and helping another human being. By sharing laughs and attempting to explain humor, you develop your sense of humor, as well as help kids develop their own sense of humor.
13. If you’ve ever been told to “lighten up” or “chill out”, it means ______.
A. you are humorous B. you are angry
C. you lack humor D. you are funny
14. According to Paragraph 2, when your friend falls, you can ______.
A. laugh at him B. chuckle C. scold him D. feel embarrassed
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. How to Develop a Sense of Humor B. Ways to Become a Healthy Individual
C. The Function of Humor D. Proper Attitudes Toward Humor
【答案】 13. C 14.B 15.A
【解析】
13.C 细节理解题。根据第一段提到:如果你被告诉放松或冷静，你要放松下来，使用你的幽默感。
14.B 细节理解题。根据第二段提到“After making sure that nobody’s hurt, forgive accidents with a chuckle（咯咯地笑）rather than a scolding”可知，当你的朋友跌倒没有人受伤的情况下，用笑来原谅而不是责骂。
15.A 标题判断题。根据第一句话提到：没有人喜欢傻子，幽默感是一个人个性的一部分，所以本文讲述如何才能变得有幽默感。
B1
I clearly remember the day when my little brother was born: January 1, 1994. One of my favorite family photos shows me lying with my mother in the hospital bed, happy but un-
aware of the small, sleeping baby in the background.
I stayed with my grandparents for the weekend of my brother’s birth, excited about my new brother but not yet aware of what having a little brother would mean. I didn’t truly realize what was going on until we were in the hospital room at Duke University—coincidentally (碰巧地), the same room in which I had been born two years earlier.
When I looked at my brother for the first time, I felt a mixture of fear and interest. Little did know that small, pink creature would grow up to be one of my favorite people in the world.
In reality, though I am two years older than my brother, I am more often than not the real baby in the family. I am very lacking when it comes to common sense. Instructions constantly confuse me and I frequently find myself totally puzzled by things like knowing how to start the washing machine or manage the storage settings on my iPhone.
That’s where Gibson comes in. The poor kid has had to guide me through more tasks than I would care to admit, but he never complains. Though I should probably be told to figure it out myself, he always comes through.
I’ m envious of his ability to readily answer the ever-present, “What do you want to do with your life?” question at family gatherings. “Be a doctor,” he says—a solid answer, completely opposite to my shaky one, “Well, I’m an English major, so...”
My brother truly is my best friend. No one understands me better, and there isn’t anyone else I would want to be stuck with in our family. I may not have a clear idea of where I’m headed, but he is stuck with me.
1. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph4 mean?
A. My brother is the real baby in the family.
B. I am growing more slowly than my brother.
C. In fact, I seem to be less mature than my little brother.
D. My brother gets more love from the family than I do.
2. What does the brother often help the author do?
A. Help him with his studies.
B. Help him deal with many daily tasks.
C. Comfort him when he is in a bad mood.
D. Give him advice on how to choose a major.
3. What is the best title for this text?
A. The Real Baby in the Family
B. My Strange Family Gatherings
C. The Feeling of Having a Brother
D. Stuck with Me—My Not-So-Little Brother
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.D
【解析】
1.C 句意理解题。根据本句中的前一句说“我虽然比我的弟弟大两岁”可推断,此句的意思应选C。
2．B推理判断题。分析文章第四段和第五段的内容可知,作者的弟弟在生活中给了作者很多的帮助。
3.D标题判断题。分析文意，结合全文的内容，文章主要讲述的是作者的弟弟和他弟弟之间的事情，是他弟弟在生活中给了他很多的帮助，他的弟弟更像他的哥哥。
B2
Camp Jano India
Celebrate Indian culture, languages, arts, festivals and literature. Weekly themes are brought to life through related arts, games, projects, stories and theatre in a very unique, exciting, creative, interactive (互动的) and structured style. A very unique and unforgettable experience that kids will want to repeat! Mornings are spent with the Hindi language at the child’s level. Afternoons provide the cultural elements taught in an interactive style with special emphasis on drama.
Bay Language Academy
We invite campers (4-12 years old) to travel and open up doors to explore past and recent civilizations through daily field trips. Cultures will be shown through customs and cooking. Lectures (6/10-8/30) will introduce French, Spanish or Chinese and the cultures they convey. Our language summer-camp is infused (灌输) with cultural activities and taught by a team of bilingual (双语的) instructors.
Petits Confettis
Want your 3- to 5-year-old kids to experience a French camp? Come and join us for 6 weeks of French camps!
Kids will be totally happy to learn French and French culture while they take part in team projects like building a tipi or making French bread. Weekly themes include cooking, arts, drama, outdoor activities, board games, music, yoga, rhymes and story time.
Chinese Immersion Summer Camp
This is our 11th Chinese language and culture summer camp. We take children from 6th grade. This year we continue the weekly fun themes like art, science, cooking and sports in the morning. In the afternoon, we have abacus, reading and Chinese culture lessons taught in Chinese. Our teachers are all native speakers with a lot of experience. Our weekly field trips go to different places like SF zoo, tech museums, fire stations etc.
4. Why can Camp Jano India give children an unforgettable experience?
A. It has quite experienced teachers.
B. It teaches Indian languages at different levels.
C. The activities are arranged for the whole day.
D. The activities are carried on in an interesting style.
5. Bay Language Academy and Chinese Immersion Summer Camp are similar because ______.
A. they both provide field trips
B. they both have bilingual teachers
C. they both provide sports programs in the morning
D. they are both intended for kids of 4-12 years old
6. If a girl likes yoga, she will go to ______.
A. Camp Jano India B. Bay Language Academy
C. Petits Confettis D. Chinese Immersion Summer Camp
7. What is the common theme of the four camps?
A. Fun and sports. B. Travel and adventure.
C. Language and culture. D. Art and music.
【答案】4.D 5.A 6.C 7.C
【解析】
4.D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知印度夏令营有很多丰富的活动，能给孩子留下难忘的记忆。
5.A 细节理解题。根据“We invite campers (4-12 years old) to travel and open up doors to explore past and recent civilizations through daily field trips”和“Our weekly field trips go to different places like SF zoo, tech museums, fire stations etc. ”可知，这两个夏令营都有野外旅游这个活
动。
6.C 细节理解题。根据“Weekly themes include cooking, arts, drama, outdoor activities, board games, music, yoga, rhymes and story time.”可知，Petits Confettis 这个夏令营有yoga活动。
7.C 细节理解题。由文章可知，每个夏令营都有语言和文化这个项目。
B3
Online purchases have soared during the Chinese New Year holiday.
It’s the dead of winter in Shanghai. Delivery man Liu Jia and his colleagues start the day when most of people are still asleep. Working at a distribution point of a shopping website in Shanghai, they promise to deliver products within three hours of an order being placed. “I buy most of my grocery online, especially the heavy items. It’s convenient and cheap compared to the supermarket in my neighborhood,” Customer Chen Hong said. Orders such as these have increased for the New Year, forcing Liu Jia to work around the clock. “The orders are usually rice, laundry detergent（洗涤剂）, tissue paper and snacks, mostly food and articles for everyday use,” Liu Jia said.
According to an industry report, China’s B2C （Business to Customer） online sales are growing at an annual rate of 25 percent. Competition between online giants like Taobao and Jingdong is now fiercer than ever. “The essence of online shopping is that customers can buy products easily. So the competition is about: firstly, the range of products; secondly, the depth under each category of products; third, the price and user experience,” Pan Biao, vice president of YHD.com, said. E-commerce is one of China’s fastest growing sectors. It’s changed people’s buying habits, and even their living habits. And it’s had a huge impact on the retail industry. To make online shopping more convenient, major sites are investing heavily to build payment systems and logistics（物流）networks.
On average, a retailer now can deliver goods to the majority of cities within 3 days, and to towns and more remote areas in the country within a week. “Competition will produce a number of good companies, making better products and services that customers need. In the field of E-commerce, we are leading the world in terms of products, services and industry development,” Liu Yinbin, associate professor with Dept of Information Management, Shanghai University, said. Experts also say customers are increasingly making their online purchases from mobile devices, opening up vast new opportunities and competition for retailers.
What can we know about Liu Jia?
A. He works as an online store owner in Shanghai.
B. He begins working when most of people are still asleep.
C. He has to work day and night to deliver so many products.
D. He may deliver products within three hours of an order being placed at any time.
9. What does the underlined word “essence” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Way. B. Influence. C. Result. D. Advantage.
10. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Chen Hong buys most of her electronic products online.
B. Pan Biao encourages retailers to open up new chances.
C. China’s B2C online sales are growing at a rate of 25 percent.
D. Liu Yinbin thinks competition will help make better products and services.
11. Which of the following can be the best topic of the passage?
A. Online shopping increases rapidly for Chinese New Year.
B. Most customers buy food and articles for everyday use.
C. Taobao and Jingdong are competing fiercely.
D. Customers like buying mobile devices.
【答案】8.B 9.D 10.D 11.A
【解析】
8.B 根据第二段中“Delivery man Liu Jia and his colleagues start the day when most of people are still asleep.”可知，Liu Jia是一名快递员工，每天开始工作的时间都很早。
9.D后句customers can buy products easily提到消费者可以更容易买到产品，故essence意为“优点”。
10.D根据最后一段中“Competition will produce a number of good companies, making better products and services that customers need”一句可知，Liu Yinbin认为竞争是有好处的。
11．A通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了在中国传统节日----春节期间网上购物急剧增加这一现象。
B4
Mars appears to be flowing with small streams of salty water, at least in the summer, scientists reported Monday. "It suggests that. it would be possible for there to be life today on Mars," NASA's science mission chief, John Grunsfeld, said at a news conference on September 28, 2015.
The streams are about 12 to 15 feet wide and 300 feet or more long, scientists said. "What we're dealing with is wet soil. Thin layers of wet soil, not standing water," said Aifred McEwen of the University of Arizona at Tueson, the principal scientist for the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter's high-resolution imaging experiment.
Because liquid water is essential to life, the findings could have major implications for the possibility of Martian life. The researchers said further exploration is needed to determine whether microscopic life exists on the planet.
The presence of liquid water could also make life easier for astronauts visiting or living on Mars. Water could be used for drinking and for creating oxygen and rocket fuel. NASA's goal is to send humans there in the 2030s.
The evidence of flowing water consists largely of dark, narrow streaks(条痕) on the surface that tend to appear and grow during the warmest Martian months and fade the rest of the year.
Mars is extremely cold even in summer, and the streaks are in places where the temperature is as low as minus 10 degrees Fahrenheit. But salt can lower the freezing point of water and melt ice.
The source(源头) of the water is a mystery. Scientists noted it could be melting ice. It could be an underground aquifer, which is rock or sand that can hold water. It is possibly water vapor from the thin Martian atmosphere, or it may be a combination Michael Meyer, lead scientist for NASA's Mars exploration program, said the only definitive way for now to determine whether there's life on Mars is to collect rocks and soil for analysis on Earth - something a U. S. lander set for lift-off in 2020 will do.
12. What matters to the existence of liquid water on Mars?
A. The distance from the sun.
B. The favorable climate.
C. The gravity of the earth
D．The salt in it．
13. According to John Grunsfeld, on Mars there seems to be .
A. salty water
B. standing water
C. rocket fuel
D. human beings
14. What are scientists uncertain about the water on Mars?
A. Its state.
B. Its source.
C. Its temperature.
D. Its taste.
15. What would be the best title for the text? '
A Streams of Water Spotted on Mars
B. Astronauts will Land on Mars
C. NASA's Mars Exploration Program
D. A Breakthrough in the Exploration of Mars
【答案】12. D 13.A 14.B 15.A
【解析】
12．D细节理解题。根据文章的第一句，可知D选项与之相符。
13．A 细节理解题。同样是根据第一段中的Mars appears to be flowing with small streams of salty water，可知salty water可能存在于火星上。
14．B 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的第一句The source of the water is a mystery，可知B选项的意思与之相符。
15．A 标题判断题。根据第一段的第一句Mars appears to be flowing with small streams of salty water，以及文章的其它部分的内容，可知文章主要是围绕着火星是否有水这一个主题来展开的。
第二节
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A
How to Succeed in Science
To succeed in science, you need a lot more than luck. In my view, you have to combine intelligence with a willingness not to follow conventions when they block your path forward. Thus, these have come to be my rules for success.
1.16
That might sound proud, but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than yourself. It’s like playing any game. Even as a child, I never wanted to play games with anyone who was as bad as I was. If you win, it gives you no pleasure. And in the game of science or life, the highest goal isn’t simply to win; it’ s to win at something really difficult. 17
2. Take risks
To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble. If you are going to make a huge jump in science, you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition. 18 This can be more than personally upsetting.
3. Never do anything that bores you.
My experience in science is that someone is always telling you to do things, and then leave you alone. I’ m not good enough to do well in something I dislike. 19
It’s very hard to succeed if you don’t want to be with other scientists — you have to go to key meetings where you spot key facts that would have escaped you. And you have to chat with your competitors, even if you find them objectionable.
So my final rule is: 20
A. Meet challenges with great courage.
B. If you can’t stand to be with your real peers, get out of science.
C. Put another way, it’s to go somewhere beyond your ability and come out on top.
D. Be sure you always have someone to save you from a deep mess.
E. Avoid foolish people.
F. In fact, I find it hard to do well in something I like.
G. Besides, you even have to be prepared to disbelieve your scientific heroes.
【答案】
16. E 17. C 18. G 19. F 20. B
【解析】
16．E 根据后一句话可知，作者认为只有和比自己强的人在一起才能学到东西，所以建议和比你自己更聪明的人在一起，而不要和愚蠢的人在一起，虽然这听起来很骄傲。故选E。
17．C 根据前一句话可知，作者认为在科学或生活的游戏中，最高的目标不是简单地去获胜；而是为了成功地做好一些非常困难的事情。换句话说就是，要通过克服困难而超越自己的能力，使自己变得名列前茅。该项是对前一句话的进一步解释。
18．G 根据前一句话可知，作者认为如果你要在科学上有一个巨大的飞跃，很有可能你就要勇于打破常规。此外，甚至也要准备好怀疑你心中的科学英雄。也就是要勇于怀疑权威。
19．F 根据前一句话中的“do well in something I dislike”提示可知，该题答案为F。表明在科学研究中，对于自己不喜欢的事情人们做不好，但是对于自己喜欢的事情人们也不一定做得好。
20．B 根据前一段的内容可知，作者建议要和其他科学家交流，从而发现自己忽略的关键事实。甚至要和你的竞争对手交流，即使你觉得他们令人反感。也就是说，如果你无法忍受与你真正的同龄人在一起这样做，你就不要进行科学研究了。
B
A simple life means getting rid of many of the things you do so that you can spend more time with people you love and do the things you love. 16 It’s often a journey of two steps forward and one backward.
Evaluate your time. 17 What things do you do from the time you wake up to the time you go to sleep? Make a list, and evaluate whether they’re in line with your priorities. If not, remove them and focus on what’s important. Redesign your day.
Limit your communications. Our lives these days are filled with a vast flow of communications: email, cell phones, paper mail, Twitter, forums, and more. 18 Instead, set a limit on your communications: only deal with emails at certain times of the day. Limit phone calls to certain times too. It is the same with other communications. Set a schedule and stick to it.
Try living without a car. OK, this isn’t something I’ve done, but many others have. 19 Walk, bike, or take public transportation. It reduces expenses and gives you time to think. A car is also very complicated, needing not only car payments, but insurance, maintenance, repairs, gas and more.
20 If you rid your home of stuff, you might find you don’t need so much space. I’m not saying you should live on a boat (although I know some people who happily do so), but if you can be comfortable in a smaller home, it will not only be less expensive, but easier to maintain, and greatly simplify your life.
A. Consider a smaller home.
B. Have a place for everything.
C. How do you spend your day?
D. It’s something I would do if I didn’t have kids.
E. They can take up your whole day if you let them be.
F. However, getting to simplicity isn’t always a simple process.
G. Most people don’t know what “enough” is, and thus they keep buying more.
【答案】
16. F 17. C 18. E 19. D 20. A
【解析】
16.F 下文开始如何过简单的生活的准则，可知它并不简单，与F选项内容 However, getting to simplicity isn’t always a simple process相对应。
17.C 这一段一直在讲如何有效的使用时间，且后一句是一个问句，可知前面一句首先与时间有关，且可能也是一个问句，与后文结构保持一致，与C选项内容How do you spend your day相对应。
18.E 这一段讲的是集中你的注意力，首先列举了很多会让你分心的事物，告诉你他们很耗费时间，与E选项内容They can take up your whole day if you let them be相对应。
19.D 前面提到了没有车不是我现在的情况。可知他有了限制条件。他想表达如果我没有限制条件我肯定会这么做，与D选项内容 It’s something I would do if I didn’t have kids相对应。
20.A 这一段讲的是房子，与A选项内容Consider a smaller home相对应。
第二部分 英语知识运用（共4小题）
第一节 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
When you concentrate, you focus on one thing and get other thoughts out of your mind. You concentrate on schoolwork, on sports, or on some music which requires serious 21 effort. The point is that you think of only one 22 at a time, do it and leave it behind you.
23 to concentrate is important. Any adult will tell you they 24 have at least a dozen things on their minds. When they must complete a project by a certain day and hour, they concentrate on it and 25 several people into a work team. This 26 a clear focus on the work—and on getting others to do their 27 .
Adults have a (n) 28 life which may include a husband or a wife, children, and all the work of running a household. Supper must be 29 and the broken back staircase must be fixed before someone gets 30 . If a child is sick, he or she must go to the 31 .
With all these things on their minds, how do adults 32 the day? They know they cannot fight all their battles at one time, so they concentrate on the most 33 task, get it done, and go onto the next.
The martial arts (武术) 34 you this kind of concentration. To do a movement 35 , you must watch and imitate the master. Since you do not always get things right the first time, you must figure out your 36 and correct it. The instructor is there to 37 , but you are still responsible for your personal progress. As you move up in rank, more and more is demanded of you. The 38 are increasingly complex. You have 39 time in class and want to get the most from it. But since you have learned to concentrate on 40 movements and get them right, you confidently accept and meet these greater challenges.
21. A. technical B. political C. mental D. social
22. A. opinion B. person C. question D. task
23. A. Learning B. Agreeing C. Promising D. Preparing
24. A. sometimes B. always C. hardly D. probably
25. A. organize B. order C. send D. divide
26. A. offers B. changes C. adjusts D. requires
27. A. lesson B. favorite C. best D. favor
28. A. city B. home C. country D. art
29. A. sold B. eaten C. cooked D. bought
30. A. hurt B. cheated C. punished D. beaten
31. A. professor B. movie C. class D. doctor
32. A. refer to B. dream of C. get through D. hope for
33. A. pleasant B. hopeful C. difficult D. urgent
34. A. teach B. lend C. leave D. spare
35. A. quickly B. correctly C. carefully D. graciously
36. A. mistake B. pain C. disadvantage D. regret
37. A. practice B. pay C. watch D. help
38. A. ideas B. cultures C. movements D. situations
39. A. fixed B. limited C. appointed D. wasted
40. A. direct B. simple C. smart D. wise
【答案与解析】
本文是一篇议论文。我们去做一件事时，一定要做到专心致志、全力以赴，这样才能成功。
21.C 考查形容词。由上句out of your mind可知：当我们要做作业、搞训练以及听音乐时，我们需要努力做到精神(mental)集中。A. technical技巧性的; B. political政策性的; C. mental精神的;D. social社会的,故选C。
22.D 考查名词。第23空所在句task有提示：关键在于我们一次只需致力于一件事(task)，把它做好，之后再放到一边。A. opinion观点；B. person人；C. question问题；D. task任务，故选D。
23.A 考查动词。我们从成年人身上明白：学会(Learning)专心致志很重要。A. Learning学习；B. Agreeing同意；C. Promising允诺 ；D. Preparing准备，故选A。
24.B 考查副词。根据本空前Any adult可知：任何一位成年人都会告诉你，他们总是(always)挂念着许多事。A. sometimes有时候；B. always总是；C. hardly几乎不；D. probably可能，故选B。
25.A 考查动词。由本空后 work team得出：当他们在某个时限前必须完成某项工作时，他们就得专心致志，把一些人组织起来(organize)形成一个团队。A. organize组织；B. order命令；C. send发送；D. divide分，故选A。
26.D 考查动词。从上句判断：就需要(requires)你很清醒地专注于工作。A. offers提供；B. changes改变；C. adjusts调整；D. requires需要，故选D。
27.C 考查形容词。这是一个团队，所以每个成员都要尽他们最大的努力(do their best)。A. lesson课；B. favorite最喜欢；C. best最好；D. favor支持，故选C。
28.B 考查名词。根据本空后 husband or a wife, children得出：成年人的家庭(home)生活可能包括丈夫、妻子、孩子以及家务劳动。A. city城市；B. home家；C. country城市；D. art艺术，故选B。
29.C 考查动词。与本空后修理楼梯构成并列：他们需要回家做(cooked)饭，需要修理坏掉的楼梯以免家人受到伤害(hurt)。A. sold；卖B. eaten吃；C. cooked做饭；D. bought买，故选C。
30.A 考查动词。避免受伤A. hurt伤害；B. cheated欺骗；C. punished惩罚；D. beaten打，故选A。
31.D 考查名词。由本空前sick得出：如果孩子生病了，父母还得送孩子去医院(go to the doctor)。A. professor教授；B. movie影院；C. class班级；D. doctor医生，故选D。
32.C 考查动词短语。从本空前可知：脑子里装着这么多事，也不知道他们是怎么度过(get through)每一天的。A. refer to指；B. dream of 梦想；C. get through度过；D. hope for希望，故选C。
33.D 考查形容词。根据本空前fight all their battles at one time得出：他们很清楚自己无法一次解决所有的事情，所以他们只捡最紧迫的(urgent)事做，做完一件事之后再做另一件。A. pleasant好的；B. hopeful充满希望的；C. difficult困难的；D. urgent紧急的，故选D。
34.A 考查动词。由后文But since you have learned to concentrate on…可知：武术课就教给(teach)你如何专心致志。A. teach教；B. lend借；C. leave离开；D. spare空出，故选A。
35.B 考查副词。从下句get things right判断：为了正确地(correctly)做出某个动作，你必须认真观察教练并尽力模仿他的动作。A. quickly快速地；B. correctly正确地；C. carefully认真地；D. graciously仁慈地，故选B。
36.A 考查名词。与本空前right构成对比：因为你无法在第一次就把动作做到位，所以你得明白自己到底错(mistake)在了哪儿，然后纠正它。A. mistake错误；B. pain痛苦；C. disadvantage缺点；D. regret后悔，故选A。
37.D 考查动词。从本空前instructor判断：教练陪在你身边就是为了帮助(help)你。A. practice练习；B. pay支付；C. watch看；D. help帮助，故选D。
38.C 考查名词。本段第二句movement有提示：你练得等级越高，动作(movements)要求也就越复杂。A. ideas想法；B. cultures文化；C. movements动作；D. situations情况，故选C。
39.B 考查形容词。由本空后get the most得出：在训练课上的时间是有限的(limited)，所以你想充分利用每一分钟。A. fixed固定的；B. limited有限的；C. appointed任命；D. wasted浪费的，故选B。
40.B 考查形容词。因为你已经学会专注简单的(simple)动作，并且做好它们，所以你能信心百倍地迎接更复杂的挑战。A. direct指导；B. simple简单的；C. smart聪明的；D. wise理智的，故选B。
B
Our character, 21, is a combination of our habits. “Sow a thought, harvest an action; sow an action, harvest a habit; sow a habit, harvest a character; sow a character, harvest a 22,” the saying goes.
Habits are powerful factors in our lives. Because they are consistent, often unconscious 23 , they constantly, daily express our character and produce our effectiveness or ineffectiveness.
As Horace Mann, the great educator, once 24 it, “Habits are like a rope. We weave a string of it every day and soon it cannot be broken.” I personally do not agree with the last part of his 25 I know habits can be learned and unlearned. But I also know it isn’t a(n) 26 fix. It involves a 27 and a faithful commitment.
Those of us who watched the lunar voyage of Apollo II were quite amazed as we saw the first men walk on the moon and return to earth. 28 to get there, those astronauts obviously had to break out of the huge gravity pull of the earth. 29 energy was spent in the first few minutes of 30 in the first few miles of travel, than was used over the next several days to travel half a million miles.
Habits, 31 have huge gravity pull more than most people realize or would 32 . Breaking deeply 33 habits such as delay, hesitation, impatience or selfishness that go against basic principles of human effectiveness 34 more than a little willpower and a few minor changes in our lives. “Lift off” 35 a great effort, but once we break out of the gravity pull, our freedom 36 a whole new dimension.
37 any natural force, gravity can work 38 us or against us. The gravity pull of some of our habits may 39 be keeping us from going where we want to go. But it is also gravity that pull that keeps our world together, that keeps the planets in their orbits and our universe in order. It is a powerful force, and if we use it effectively, we can use the gravity pull of habit to create the cooperation and 40 necessary to establish effectiveness in our lives.
21. A. basically B. theoretically C. eventually D. personally
22. A. medal B. hope C. fate D. moral
23. A. efforts B. patterns C. methods D. ways
24. A. told B. put C. said D. thought
25. A. truth B. motto C. expression D. sentence
26. A. urgent B. slow C. quick D. convenient
27. A. process B. progress C. period D. devotion
28. A. but B. because C. as D. if
29. A. Much B. More C. Less D. Most
30. A. launching B. raising C. traveling D. lifting
31. A. however B. though C. too D. otherwise
32. A. say B. predict C. admit D. assume
33. A. rooted B. laid C. grown D. planted
34. A. calls on B. calls for C. calls off D. calls in
35. A. makes B. takes C. does D. brings
36. A. takes on B. carries on C. gives away D. turns out
37. A. As well as B. As for C. As with D. As like
38. A. on B. by C. around D. with
39. A. permanently B. instantly C. constantly D. presently
40. A. communication B. patience C. success D. order
【答案与解析】
本文是一篇议论文，讲述的是习惯对于一个人的影响：习惯塑造性格，性格决定人生。
21.A 考查副词。本段概述性格就是习惯的综合体，所以此空意为：根本上，本质上，基本上，故选A。
22.C 考查名词。本句引用了一句英语习语，播种思想，收获行动，播种行动，收获习惯……播种性格，收获命运（即性格决定命运），故选C。
23.B 考查名词。习惯具有连贯性，而且通常是以不知不觉的方式形成的，所以此空应填patterns表示“模式，方式”，故选B。
24.B 考查动词。 as sb. put(s)it是固定表达，“正如某人所说……”故选B。
25.C 考查名词。作者同意Horace Mann所说的部分表达、说法，truth表示真理，真相；motto表示格言，座右铭；sentence表示句子，宣判，expression表示“表达，说法，措辞”，故选C。
26.C 考查形容词。urgent紧急的；slow缓慢的；a quick fix是固定表达，表示速效对策或快速解决问题的方法；convenient方便的。
27.A 考查名词。习惯是后天养成的，但不是快速形成的，是一个过程。process“过程，进程”。
28.A 考查连词。此处表示转折，意思是“但是航天员为了到达那儿……”, 故选A。
29.B 考查形容词。 “More energy was spent in the first few minutes...than was used over the next”中, more... than构成的是固定搭配，表示“比……更”，故选B。
30.D 考查动词。此处lifting表示宇宙飞船“起飞，上升”的意思，故选D。
31.C 考查副词。此句拿habits与地球的引力相比，说明习惯对人的影响力就像地球的引力一样，故选C，too表示“也一样，也是如此”。
32.C 考查动词。say说，predict预言，admit承认，assume假想，猜想。句意：习惯的影响力很大，但有些人并没有意识到，或意识到了却不愿意承认（影响力大）。故选C。
33.A 考查动词。 deeply rooted是习语表达，意思是根深蒂固的，故选A。
34.B 考查动词短语。call on“号召，拜访”；call for“需要，需求，约”；call off。取消”；call in“召集进来”。本句的意思是“打破根深蒂固的习惯需要一点坚强的意志力和生活上的变化”，故选B。
35.B 考查动词。 take a great effort是固定词组，故选B。
36.A 考查动词短语。 take on“雇用，呈现出”；carry out“执行，履行”；give away“泄露，赠给”；turn out “证明是，结果是”。本句意思“我们的自由会呈现出一个全新的维度”。
37.C 考查介词短语。As with相当于like，意为“像，像……一样”，故选C。
38.D 考查介词。work with us表示“与我们一起合作（共事）”, 此处with与against形成对立的语义呼应，故选D。
39.D 考查副词。 permanently“永久地”；instantly“立即，瞬间地”；constantly“不停地，不断地”；presently“当前地，目前地，最近地”。故选D。
40.D 考查名词。 communication交流、沟通；patience耐心、耐力；success成功、成就；order秩序、顺序。“习惯是一种生活秩序的维持”，故选D正确。
第二节 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
The Italian dinners we had every Sunday when I was a boy were feasts fit for a king. There 41 (be) loaves of Italian bread ready to be eaten. They were great with butter and even 42 (good) when you dipped them in the sauce（调味汁）. My grandma, 43 we called "Nanny", would always bake them a day ahead so they would be ready. I remember watching her hand make the dough（面团）. I would often ask to help but only because I wanted to have 44 bite of the dough before she placed it in the pans to bake.
One day I 45 (foolish) asked Nanny why she didn’t just buy bread at the store 46 (save) time. “Because they’re not as good,” she said 47 her thick Italian accent. Then she laughed, smiled, and gave me a piece of dough to eat.
Nanny was right. Today I buy my bread at the store and it isn’t as good. It is factory-made and 48 (lack) all the taste, warmth, and love that Nanny put into hers. Store-bought happiness is a sad substitute for homemade joy. 49 you want lasting love, permanent peace, and endless joy, then you have to bake them 50 your own.
【答案与解析】
本文讲述作者一起吃外婆给准备好的面包，非常的美味，曾傻傻地问为什么不去商店里面买，来节省时间，外婆说他们不好，多年后才发现外婆说的是正确的，工厂生产的缺少了爱的味道，爱不是生产出来的。
41.were 考查主谓一致。讲述的是过去的事情再根据loaves of Italian bread可知填were。
42.better 考查形容词比较级。因为有even来修饰比较级，故选比较级形式。
43.whom/who 考查定语从句。句意：我的外婆，我们叫她Nanny，经常为我们提前做好，把一切准备好。who引导My grandma的定语从句。
44.a 考查冠词。have a bite of 咬一小口。
45.foolishly 考查副词。句意：有一天，我傻傻地问外婆为什么不买店里的面包来节省时间。修饰动词asked用副词。
46.to save 考查非谓语动词。句意：有一天，我非常愚蠢的问外婆为什么不买店里的面包来节省时间。不定式作目的状语。
47.in/with 考查介词。in her thick Italian accent 用浓厚的意大利口音。
48.lacks 考查动词的时态。句意：这是工厂制作的，缺少Nanny放在里面的味道，温暖和爱的味道。根据and连接两个句子时态保持一致，故用一般现在时。
49.If 考查连词。句意：如果你想要这种持续的爱，长久的平和，无尽的快乐，你就得自己来做。两个句子是条件关系，故用If.
50.on 考查介词。on one’s own 亲自地。
B
Have you complained 41 your family, your boss, or even your life? Maybe everyone has, but after reading this story, you may change your view and treat the world with another attitude.
An ass (驴), 42 (belong) to an herb-seller who gave him too little food and too much work, could not bear the life any longer. So he made a request to God, to be released from his present service and provided with 43 master. After warning him 44 he would regret doing it, God made him to be sold to a tile-maker. Shortly afterwards, the ass found that he had 45 (heavy) loads to carry and harder work in the brick-field, and asked for another change again. God, telling him that it would be 46 last time that he could satisfy his request, made him sold to a tanner (皮革工). The ass found that he 47 (fall) into worse hands. Knowing his new master’s occupation, he said, “It would have been better for me either to have been starved by the first owner 48 to have been overworked by the second. But now I have already been bought by my present owner, 49 will peel off my skin even after I am dead, and make me useful .”
We can see that people with dissatisfaction in a place are not 50 (like) to find happiness in another.
【答案与解析】
about 考查动词词组。complain about抱怨...
belonging 考查非谓语动词。belong to 属于，主动表示被动，故写belonging
43. another 考查形容词。交换另外一种主人，故写another
44. that 考查代词。宾语从句，用that
45. heavier 考查形容词。后面写的harder，可知前面也是比较级，故写heavier
46. the 考查不定冠词。the last time 最后一刻
47. had fallen 考查动词。found已经是过去式，过去的过去是过去完成时
48. or 考查介词。前主人和这次主人之间的对比，用or
49. who 考查代词。非限制性定语从句中，表示人用who
50. likely 考查形容词。be not likely to do sth 不可能做某事
第三部分 写作（共4小题）
第一节 短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(
)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
A
When I was in high school, most of my friends had bicycle. I hoped I could also have it. One day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan. I asked my father the money. And he said he could only give me half of the money. I should find the other half myself. So I went to sell newspapers after the school. My father was please when I showed him the money a month after. He gives me the other fifty. You can imagine how happily I was when I rode to school on my own bicycle.
【答案】
When I was in high school, most of my friends had bicycle. I hoped I could also have it. One
bicycles one
day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan. I asked my father^ the money.
which for
And he said he could only give me half of the money. I should find the other half myself. So I
But
went to sell newspapers after the school. My father was please when I showed him the money a
pleased
month after. He gives me the other fifty. You can imagine how happily I was when I rode to
later gave happy
school on my own bicycle.
B
The old saying “The early bird catches the worm.”show us the importance of planning, working hard and trying constant. To achieve outstanding results, the most people must plan ahead and work diligently to overcome all kind of difficulties.
That has been my own experience, either. When I first started at high school, I seldom passed my exams, so I never prepared well. Later, my teacher, Mr. Black, advised me plan everything in advance. She asked me to study hard as well. After a year of putting his advice onto practice, I can now easily pass all my exams.
There are no shortcuts to succeed.
【答案】
The old saying “The early bird catches the worm.” show us the importance of planning,
shows
working hard and trying constant. To achieve outstanding results, the most people must plan ahead
constantly
and work diligently to overcome all kind of difficulties.
kinds
That has been my own experience, either. When I first started at high school, I seldom passed
too
my exams, so I never prepared well. Later, my teacher, Mr. Black, advised me∧ plan everything
because to
in advance. She asked me to study hard as well. After a year of putting his advice onto practice,
He into
I can now easily pass all my exams.
There’re no shortcuts to succeed.
success / succeeding
第二节 书面表达
A
越来越多的汽车进入了我们的家庭，改善了我们的生活， 但同时也带来了很多问题，如塞车和车祸， 给家庭和社会带来了极大的危害。作为中学生， 我们应该怎样做呢？请写一篇有关交通安全的短文
内容包括：1. 遵守交通规则，如走人行道/过斑马线；
2. 别在街道或马路上玩耍和踢球；
3. 劝父母不能酒后驾车。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.你可以适当增加内容，以使行文连贯；
3.开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇： zebra-crossing 斑马线
With more and more cars coming into our families, we are happy that it has greatly improved our life.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
With more and more cars coming into our families, we are happy that it has greatly improved our life. But luckily, it has also brought many problems, such as heavy traffic and traffic accidents.
Traffic safety is everybody’s business. We must obey the rules. For example, we must walk on walk side, when we cross zebra-crossing, stop, look right and left, and then go across fast. Don’t play football on the road. We can tell our parents not to drink before they drive, not to run through red lights, not to talk and laugh while driving.
We can say cars are coming into our life, but only when everybody thinks traffic safety is everybody’s business can we be safe driving on roads and walking on sidewalks.
【解析】
随着人们生活水平逐步提高，经济条件逐步改善，汽车进入我们的生活，但对社会和学生产生了不同凡响。马路杀手时隐时现，文明出行教育已刻不容缓。这篇短文分成三个段落，分别介绍社会交通现状；分述出多问题；综述解决问题设想或策略。全文时态均为现在时。文中长短句搭配合理，过渡自然，层次清晰，叙述完整。only when everyone thinks traffic safety is everybody’s business can we be safe driving on roads and walking on sidewalks.(倒装句)是文章点睛之笔。
B
假定你是李华，现在你校很多学生因为种种原因很少参加体育锻炼，请你就此事为你校英语报写一封英语信倡导同学们积极参与体育锻炼。
内容包括：
1. 学生们不参加体育活动的原因；
2. 进行体育活动的好处。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 文章开头和结尾语已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear schoolmates,
Nowadays, most students don’t do sports for kinds of reasons.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear schoolmates,
Nowadays, most students don’t do sports for kinds of reasons. They think that it is a waste of time and we may get injured in the process.
In my opinion, it is very necessary for us to take part in sports activities. First, by doing some sports,like playing football, pingpong and so on, we can relax ourselves from concentrating a long time on class. It's no doubt that when we get back to study, we can study better. Second, doing sports is good for our health, so we will be unlikely to fall ill. Third, doing sports can help us form a new hobby, like swimming, hiking and so on, in this way, our life will be more colorful.
In all, we can benefit a lot from doing exercises.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
本文是一篇话题作文，要求根据所给题目写一篇表达自己观点的作文。注意以下几点：1.仔细阅读题目所给要求，注意题目的话题，；2. 不要漏掉题目所给的内容，注意增加细节，加入自己的想法。3.运用多种句型，适当运用一些高级词汇，给文章增色。
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