2018-2019学年上海市金山区张堰中学高一上学期
英语期中试卷
I. Listening Comprehension (略)
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)
Section A (10分)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
My first habit was developed in Junior 2 when I took part in a New Concept English Reciting Competition. During my whole summer vacation, I locked myself in at home, (14) __________ (sit) in front of my desk and trying to recite every word of even the less appealing articles in the New Concept English textbook. I forced myself not to think about my classmates who (15) __________ (enjoy) time out from their busy school lives, but instead to focus on the competition.
It was never easy for such a young child to resist all the temptation and still concentrate. Being distracted was unavoidable, and there were indeed a few times when I thought about giving up. But I persuaded myself not to do it. All I knew was that I had to finish the job I (16) __________ (promise) myself I would do. I had to finish the 96 articles to prove to myself that I was anything but a coward. I still insist (17) __________ this habit. Before the contest, I didn’t quite understand what benefits reciting these 96 articles might bring me. While I was trying my best to recite, (18) __________ never occurred to me that those efforts I made at that time (19) __________ (become) the foundation of my improvements in the near future. When I finally came to realize (20) __________ I had actually brought to me, the surprise and joy I felt were greater than I (21) __________ have imagined.
【答案】
14. sitting 15. were enjoying 16. had promised 17. on
18. it 19. would become 20. what 21. could
【解析】
14. 考查非谓语动词，sitting和and后面的trying并列都是现在分词作伴随状语。
15. 考查谓语动词，根据上下文句意可判断是过去的一段时间正在发生的动作，所以用过去进行时。
16. 考查谓语动词时态。I ________(promise) myself I would do是做the job的后置定语，是定语从句，所以promise是谓语，再由主句时态是过去式可判断promise这个动作是过去的过去发生的，所以用过去完成式。
17. 考查动词和介词搭配，insist on 是固定搭配，意为“坚持，强调”。
18. 考查it作形式主语，it never occurred to sb.是固定句型，表示某人从未想到…。
19. 考查谓语动词，这一题容易误以为是非谓语，但become是that引导的主语从句的谓语动词，从句的主语是those efforts，由主句的谓语动词可判断从句是过去相关的时态，再由从句中in the near future可判断这里用过去将来时。
20. 考查宾语从句连接词，空格后是句子，空格前是及物动词，从而可判断这里是考查宾语从句连接词，再由brought缺少宾语，所以填what。
21. 考查情态动词，根据句意表示“我感受到了比我本能够想象的更强大的惊喜和快乐”，虚拟语气，表示本能够做某事而实际上没有做，填could。
Section B (10分)
Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
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A. changed B. shape C. debating D. cases E. likely F. existed G. complicated H. exactly I. choosing J. attention K. difference |
Imagine that you’re caught in a downpour and with nowhere to hide. What’s the best thing to do? Italian expert Professor Franco Bocci has finally answered the age-old question of the best strategy if you are caught in a downpour. He claims that in most (22)_____, the best strategy is to run as fast as possible.“In general, the best thing is to run, as fast as you can—not always, but in general,” he said.
Besides, Franco Bocci believes that both wind direction and a person’s body (23)_____ have to be taken into account. He claims that thin people are more (24)_____ to stay dry at lower speeds. “If you’re really thin, it’s more probable that there will be an optimal (最佳的) speed. Otherwise, it’s better to run fast.”
The problem of (25)_____ an optimal strategy for moving in the rain has attracted considerable (26)_____ among physicists and other scientists. In the 1970s, a number of papers came out in mathematics magazines (27)_____ the question. In 1987, another Italian researcher asserted (主张) that changing strategies did not make a real (28)_____ to how wet you get. In the latest research, in 2011, a textile expert and a physicist suggested that an optimal speed (29)_____, depending on the wind direction.
However, Professor Bocci believes that previous attempts to solve the problem simplified it too much. “For the most part in the previous work, there was a simple answer, but I found that the problem is much more (30)_____,” Professor Bocci said, believing that body shape and wind direction play a big part in how wet you get—and if the wind is behind you, the optimal speed will be (31)_____ the speed of the wind.
【答案】22-26 DBEIJ 27-31 CKFGH
【解析】
22.考查固定词组。In most cases，在大多数情况下，故选D。
23.考查名词。根据文中定冠词a，可知应该选填名词。又因为后文中出现过的Professor Bocci said, believing that body shape...，故选B。
24. 考查形容词词组。此处在be动词后，又被more修饰，所以用形容词，又因为固定词组，be likely to do，有可能做某事，故选E。
25.考查名词。Of后应该加名词或者动名词，又因为选项后接了宾语，所以填动名词，根据句意，关于选择一个最佳的战略的问题，故选I。
26.考查固定词组。Attract considerable attention，吸引了广泛的注意力，故选J。
27.考查非谓语。本句话已经有了谓语动词came out，因此此处只能选择非谓语，根据句意大量文章在数学杂志中出现讨论了这个问题，debating辩论，讨论，故选C。
28.考查固定搭配。此处判断出应填名词，又因为固定搭配make a difference，产生出差别，故选K。
29.考查动词。此处an optimal speed为主语，选项后是一个非谓语，可知空格处缺少一个谓语动词，又因为宾语从句前的动词为过去式，此处填动词ed形式。根据句意，应该填F。
30.考查形容词。很明显看到much more 后应该填一个形容词，又因为前文有一个but表示转折，因此根据句意问题变得更加困难，complicated困难的，故选G。
31.考察副词。此处可以填起强调语气的副词，句意是最佳的速度将确切地是风的速度，故选H。
III. Reading Comprehension (45 分）
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word of phrase that best fits the context.
Today’s youth seem content to take the easy route and enjoy the ride of life. When(32)______ situations arise, they often pull a long face and (33)_______. How you live your teen years will have a profound influence on the rest of your life. You must learn to use your (34)_______wisely.
You may not see it now, (35)_______developing leadership characteristics at a young age is very important. (36)_______we get older, it becomes harder to overcome bad habits and replace them with good ones. Possessing leadership qualities is essential, both in this life and in the world to come. There are certain qualities that one needs to develop in order to become a leader: justice, judgment, dependability, initiative, decisiveness, tact, integrity, enthusiasm, poise, unselfishness, courage, knowledge and loyalty. You may recognize these as good qualities to have, without realizing how they apply to leadership. The more these qualities are part of your nature, the more (37)_______and enjoyable your life will be. All of these are qualities that one must possess to one degree or another.
popular opinion, leadership is something that is learned. No one is born a leader. We are all capable of (39)_______the leadership qualities mentioned above — some just choose not to. Of course, not everyone can be the “top dog”,(40)_______all the time. However, everyone does have the capacity to lead in some way — but (41)_______is required! Understand that learning is a fact of life—learning to ride a bike, learning to drive, learning to type, learning mathematics, etc. All of these activities (42)_______action. While we are born with many different abilities, if we do not (43)_______and develop them, those abilities will never come to fruition.
Youth is an excellent time to start developing leadership characteristics. (44)_______the time to study each one in detail. Put them into practice as you interact with other people. Determine which areas you are weak in, striving to always improve. Observe the leaders, and how they handle situations and carry themselves. Also, study the lives of great leaders. The results will (45)_______you in this life — and (46)_______!
32. A. comfortable B. tough C. enjoyable D. convenient
33. A. shout B. laugh C. complain D. regret
34. A. intelligence B. time C. degree D. challenge
35. A. but B. while C. for D. since
36. A. Before B. After C. As D. Though
37. A. efficient B. effective C. sufficient D. productive
38. A. In spite of B. Contrary to C. As for D. Regardless of
39. A. demanding B. carrying C. exhibiting D. expecting
40. A. let alone B. depend on C. start off D. get together
41. A. patience B. perseverance C. intelligence D. action
42. A. require B. cause C. profit D. set
43. A. increase B. exploit C. recall D. use
44. A. Spend B. Take C. Pay D. Consume
45. A. serve B. encourage C. charge D. entitle
46. A. out B. beyond C. away D. off
【答案】32-36 BCBAC 37-41DBCAD 42-46 ADBAB
【分析】
32.根据第一句点明了年轻人喜欢享受生活，因此接下来他们遇到困难时会拉着脸抱怨，因此本题选B, tough艰难的。
33.与前文的 pull a long face相并列，这里指遇到困难时他们会怒着脸和抱怨，因此选C。
34.接下来第二段重点说的是年轻时应该学会的一些品质，因此这里选C，指的是要充分利用年轻时的时光（学习一些优良的品质）。
35.你可能没有意识到，但年轻时培养领导品质是很重要的，很明显这里是转折关系。
36.随着我们变老，因此选As, as 引导时间状语从句，可以表示当...时，随着...。
37.这里指的是年轻时拥有的这些优良品质越多，生活的收获和成就就越大，生活就越愉快，因此选D，productive,d多产的，富有成效的，产量高的。
38.结合后文的意思，大众化的观点应该是领导艺术都是天生的，而接下来是说领导艺术是可以学到的，因此这与大众化的观点是相反的，选B。与....相反的，in spite of 尽管，as for关于，至于，regardless of 不管，不顾。
39.我们都能够_____前文提到的那些品质，只不过有些人不乐意，结合本段的第四行，everyone does have the capacity to lead in some way，因此本题选C. 展示出，表现出。
40.这里显然表示让步了，并不是每个人都能成为第一的，何况一直做第一。因此选A。Let alone更不用说。
41.结合本题，空格至本段最后，显然在 讲付出行动的重要性，因此本题选D，行动。Patience，耐心，perseverance坚持不懈，intelligence,智力。
42.结合上文意思，所有的活动都需要付出行动，因此本题选A，需要。
43.尽管我们出生都具有某些品质，但如果我们不去运用和培养他们，这些品质也不会有所成就。come to fruition，取得成果。
44.前文说的是年轻时期可以培养各种领导才能，因此这里是我们要花费时间来仔细学习，take time to do sth 花费时间做某事。
45.这里说的是我们要向领导学习，学到的东西会使我们受用一生，因此选serve,为我们服务。
46.这里是强调其作用，前文说的是学到的东西将使我们受用一生，且不只是这些，beyond, 超越。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Once upon a time there were two smart boys. Their talents were obvious from an early age. They knew they were special, and they desired that, in the future, everyone would admit how great they were.
They developed in a different way. The first boy had a successful career. He took part in all kinds of competitions, visited the most important people and places. No one doubted that he would be the wisest and most important person in the land.
The second boy always felt a heavy responsibility. He would feel obliged to help others. This didn’t leave him enough time to follow his dreams of greatness. He was busy looking for ways to help others. As a result, he was a much-loved and well-known person in his small circle.
A disaster took place, spreading misery there. The first man had never come across anything like this, and he failed to improve the situation. The second man was used to solving all kinds of problems, and had such useful know-how in certain subjects. So the disaster hardly affected the people at all. His methods were adopted there, and the name of this man spread even wider. Indeed, he was elected the governor of the nation.
The first man understood the greatest wisdom is from the things we do in life, from the impact we have on others, and from the need to improve ourselves. He never again took part in competitions. Instead, he always took books with him to be ready to help others.
47. The passage is mainly developed by ______.
A. following the space order.
making comparisons
C. giving examples
explaining the reason
48. The underlined word “obliged”, in the third paragraph, means “______”.
A. responsible
necessary
worried
D. comfortable
49. What will the first man probably do in the future?
①Take part in competitions.
②Have positive impact on others.
③Look for ways to help others.
④Learn useful knowledge to offer help.
⑤Make friends with famous people.
A.①②③
B.②④⑤
C.①③⑤
D.②③④
【答案】47.B 48.A 49.D
【分析】
全文都是通过对比来展开的，所以应选B
obliged 有责任的；感激的。文中提到The second boy always felt a heavy responsibility，所以也选A
文中最后一段提到He never again took part in competitions. Instead, he always took books with him to be ready to help others，他再也没有参加过比赛。相反，他总是带着书准备帮助别人，可知应选②③④即D。
(B)
Milton Levine created the Uncle Milton Ant Farm more than a half century ago. Milton Levine was not trained in the study of insects, also known as entomology But he knew a lot about ants, and he designed an appealing way to share his knowledge.Mg.
Levine began his career as a maker of unusual toys after World War 1. He had returned to his birthplace in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, after serving in the United States military. He get the idea for his future career from a business newsletter, which suggested that the best chances for jobs at the time were in toys. He decided to make toys. The huge population increase known as the Baby Boom was beginning. There would be a huge demand for children's toys.One day,he saw ants parading around a swimming pool. The sight made Mr. Levine remember how much he had liked watching ants as a boy on his uncle's farm. Those thoughts gave him the idea for the Uncle Milton Ant Farm.
Milton Levine developed a narrow, green plastic container. The top looked like a farm, showing a farmhouse, a bridge and a windmill. Under those images was a divider that separated the ants" underground and above-ground areas. Under that was the sand where people could watch the ants digging passageways.
The first Uncle Milton Ant Farm, sold in 1956, was an immediate success. Two years later, two million of the educational toys had been sold. During his life, Mr. Levine saw the sale of more than twenty million of his ant colonies.
The underlined word “entomology”in the first paragraph refers to
A.the science of studying the plants
B.the science of studying the insects
C.the art of designing the buildings
D.the practice of farming
51.According to the passage, we can learn that Milton Levine
A.was a Baby Boomer.
B.used to be a soldier.
C.was fond of collecting ants.
D.majored in biology in college.
52.What is the main idea of passage ?
A. How to make Uncle Milton Ant Farm.
B.The introduction of Milton Levine.
C.Uncle Milton Ant Farm is very popular.
D.The introduction of Milton Levine’s new toys.
【答案】50.B 51.B 52.D
【分析】
50.entomology昆虫学，可知选B。
51.文中第二段提到He had returned to his birthplace in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, after serving in the United States military，他在美国军队服役后回到了他在宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡的出生地。可知选B。
52.文中介绍了Milton Levine的玩具事业可知选D。
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
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A. Many of them lost their home. B. There were also a lot of accidents。 C. They hoped they could make more money. D. So they left and went to find farmland in the west. E. Many parents also had to carry their small children. F. But the truth is that the Native Americans were not the biggest problem for the settlers. |
In the 19th century, millions if Europeans went so the USA because they wanted to find a better life. Many of them couldn't find work in cities like New York.(53)_______The people, called settlers, traveled west through the mountains on the Oregon Trait.
Some of these people hoped to find gold in California. The journey sometimes took more than one year.There are a lot of films, called Westerners, about the settlers on the trail. In most of the film, we see the Native Americans (American Indians) attacking the settlers,and the “Indians" killing many white people.(54)__________In fact, most of them were very helpful to the settlers.
It is true that the settlers' journey was extremely difficult.Many of them walked 3,200 kilometers, the whole length of the trail.They had wagons, but the wagons were often too full,so people could not travel in them.(55)___________The people were very poor and many did not even have shoes--they walked the whole trail barefoot, in extremely, cold temperature.
More than 50,000 people, including many women and children, died on the trail. A lot of people died of illnesses like cholera, because the drinking water wasn't clean.
_________Many people died under the wheels of wagons, or from accidental gunshots.
【答案】 53. D 54. F 55. E 56.B
【解析】
前文讲了数以百万计的欧洲人去了美国，因为他们想找到更好的生活。他们中的许多人在纽约这样的城市找不到工作。可知答案D，所以他们离开了，去西部寻找农田。
前文讲了在电影的大部分时间里，我们看到印第安人攻击定居者，印第安人杀害了许多白人。而后文又说了事实上，他们中的大多数人对定居者非常有帮助。可知答案F。
根据上文确实，移民们的旅程非常艰难。又有They had wagons, but the wagons were often too full,so people could not travel in them.可知选项与艰难有关，可知答案E。
这一段主要讲了许多人死在马车的车轮下，或死于意外的枪击。可知答案B。
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
应该鼓励学生把精力用在学习上。（apply）
我喜欢忙碌的状态而不是无所事事。（prefer）
多吃点水果，那么你就不用担心缺少维生素。（lack n.）
给我印象深刻的是他很礼貌而且对生活抱有积极态度。（impress）
【答案】
1. Students must/should be encouraged to apply energy to study.
2. I prefer keeping busy to doing nothing. / I prefer to keep busy rather than do nothing.
3. Eat more fruit and you won’t be worried about lack of vitamins.
4. What impresses me most is that he is polite and has an active attitude towards life.
【分析】
本题考察了apply的用法：apply sth. to sth. 意为“把...应用到...上”。并且考察了一个句子没有主语时应运用被动，将宾语前置。
本题考察了prefer的用法：prefer doing/sth. to doing/sth.或者prefer to do rather than do。并且考察了四字词无所事事：do nothing。
本题考察了lack作为名词的用法：lack of词组为名词词组，意为“缺乏”，不能用作动词，动词用法为lack sth.并且考察了祈使句加and或者or的用法。
本题考察了impress的用法：sth.impress sb.并且考察了名词性从句的用法。
Ⅵ. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
在生活中，我们会遇到形形色色的人，想必有一些人在我们的心中留下了难以磨灭的印象，请以“An Unforgettable Person”为题写一篇作文，内容须包括：
1.简要描述他/她做过的一件令你难忘的事情；
2.简要谈谈让你难忘的理由。
（不要涉及你本人和你的老师的信息。）
【参考范文】
An Unforgettable Person
On the path of pursuing knowledge,interest,love and passion, numerous people we have encountered may have a lifelong impact on us, and even contribute to shaping who we are. Looking back on my life, the most unforgettable person is my English teacher from senior high school, who is truly a mentor.
There are times when you meet with difficulties or find it hard to make a choice. It is the time when the advice of others is of great value.
At the end of Senior Two, I had to make a decision whether to major in arts or science. Being good at science subjects, I intended to choose physics as my major. However, my best friend Lily chose geography, saying there would be more chances for us to be admitted into a key university because of relatively fewer examines in this subject. Then I was at a loss which to choose.
Seeing I was hesitant, my English teacher had a talk with me. She suggested that I should choose according to my own interest and ability, regardless of others’ thoughts. she told me my interest will inspire me to tap my potential fully and my ability will give me more confidence to overcome difficulties.
With my teacher’s help, I firmly chose physics and Lily, finally understood me and respected my choice. In the future, as my learning continues, I will have opportunities to meet more teachers. Whereas, never will I forget the assistance from my English teacher and her guidance to make sensible decisions.
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