杨浦区控江中学高二英语第一学期期中试卷
Section A（20’）
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
(A)
Physed (physical education) is making a comeback as a part of the school core curriculum(核心课程)，but with a difference. While group sports are still part of the curriculum, the new way is
(21) (teach) skills that are useful beyond gym class. Instead of learning how to climb a
rope, children are taught to lift weights, balance their diets and build physical endurance(忍耐力).
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In this way，kids are given the tools and skills and experiences (22) |
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they can lead a |
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physically active life for the rest of their life. |
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(23) (consider) that 15 percent of American children aged 6 to 18 are overweight,
supporters say more money and thought(24) be put into physed curriculum. In many
cases, that may mean not just replacing the old gym-class model with fitness programs but also
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(start) up physed programs (26) |
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school boards often “put P.E. on the |
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chopping block (砧板), cutting (27) |
entirely or decreasing its teachers or the days it is |
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offered,” says Alicia Moag-Stahlberg, the executive director of Action for Health Kids. The
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difference in physed programs is partly due to the lack of (28) |
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national standard. |
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“Physical education needs to be part of the core curriculum，” she added. |
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The wisdom of the new approach has some scientific support. Researchers at the University of
Wisconsin have showed (29) effective the fit-for-life model of gym class can be. They
observed how 50 overweight children lost more weight when they cycled and skied cross-country
(越野) (30) when they played sports. The researchers also found that teaching sports
like football resulted in less overall movement, partly because some reluctant students were able to sit on the bench.
【答案】
21. to teach
26. because
22. so that 23.Considering 24.must/should
27.it 28.a 29.how
25.starting
30. than
(B)
The problem with much mobile technology is that it’s not really designed to be used while you’re actually mobile. The human brain can only pay attention to about three things at a time – and concentrate effectively on just one of them. Even though the consequences of smartphone distraction are sometimes (31) _____ (amuse), they can also be serious.
The number of children (32) _____ (admit) to hospitals after accidents in public playgrounds climbed by about a third in five years, according to NHS data. Experts in both Britain and the US,
(33) _____ a similar rise has occurred suggest some of the increase may be a result of parents being too distracted by their phones (34) _____ (take) care of their children properly.
And now (35) comes evidence showing that 11-year-old children are three times
more likely to be hurt or seriously injured on the way to and from school than 10-year-olds, since
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11 is the average age (36) |
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children receive their first mobile phone, six times (37) |
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_____ (likely) to be sending a text when it happens. |
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A quarter of children surveyed admitted that they (38) |
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(distract) by personal |
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technology (39) |
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crossing the road. “There is,” the report concluded, “a clear connection |
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(40) _____ the use of technology and the time of serious accidents with children.” |
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【答案】 |
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31. amusing |
32. admitted |
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33. where |
34. to take |
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35. comes |
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36. at which |
37. more likely |
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38. had been distracted |
39. while/when |
40. between |
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Section B
Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
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A. eliminates |
B. differently |
C. edge |
D. promote |
E. risk |
F. resistance |
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G. endangered |
H. equivalent |
I. extinct |
J. trend |
K. complain |
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English has become the dominant language for worldwide communication business. For |
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many people this is a convenience. Increased use of English is regarded as a(an) |
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that |
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simply developed gradually over time. Others see the use of English quite |
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it is a form of economic, social and political domination and control. It is, they argue, a form of imperialism(帝国主义).
If English were used only for diplomacy, probably few would 43 . But it is used for
more than international relations. Because the use of English and other world languages is so widespread, especially in schools, the worry is that languages with fewer speakers will be
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the others. |
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Are there ways for speakers of other languages, particularly “minor” languages, to oppose the |
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domination of “major” world languages if they so choose? One kind of |
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is to work with |
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others to see that local languages are taught in schools. Perhaps there can be meetings of speakers in the same way that there have been summits for major languages such as Arabic, French, and
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Spanish. In order to |
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linguistic, economic and |
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cooperation, the |
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French-speaking countries |
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up an international organization, |
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like the British |
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Common-wealth. These are all ways to deal with a perceived threat of cultural uniformity. Groups cope with this threat by working together.
However, the difficulties faced by minority languages are quite different from those faced by languages such as French. French is a major language that is losing speakers, but minority
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languages are on the |
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of disappearing completely. Linguicide(语言灭绝), some people |
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argue, is the |
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of ethnocide(种族文化灭绝), the death of a culture, and that has typically |
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been a tool of colonization( 殖民地化). The loss of a minority language can make a community feel like it’s been taken over by others. The dangers to minority language do not come from
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English alone. Around the |
world minority languages are |
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by both local and |
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international events. |
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【答案】41-45 J B K I A |
46-50 F D C H G |
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BI. Reading Comprehension section A (15 分)
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
There was once a time that I would only do what I knew was comfortable for me. Stuck in a continuous cycle of repetitive choices, I knew what was ___51___ when it came to making decisions. I knew what wouldn’t ___52___ me too much, what would keep me glued to the floor of where I already was. ___53___, little did I realize at the time that this was not the right path for me.
After living the same type of life for so long, I decided that there was more for me.
Although it was uncomfortable at first, I pushed myself to get ___54___ in things that I wouldn’t normally do. I decided to open up and talk to other people that I didn’t think I would have the
___55___ to show my face to, and I started to share more about myself with others that already knew me. By doing these things, I ___56___ to find more parts of life to open myself up to.
A quote said “life begins at the end of your comfort zone.” Reading the quote made me
realize that I was stuck in a life that I wasn ’t truly mine. I was bound by chains that made me
___57___ to experience life, so I always keep it as a reminder to myself to go beyond my
___58___.
There are a few days you can begin to push past your comfort zone. First, make a bucket list. All you need to do is write down a list of things that you want to ___59___ in your lifetime, but make sure you do them. A bucket list isn’t useful unless you are ___60___ going to try and achieve it.
Secondly, if you want, ask someone to tag along ( 跟随).If you have a friend who is also interested in experiencing more of their life then you can join ___61___ and work together. That way, you can push each other to actually go out and experience.
Finally, ___62___ yourself. Make yourself a promise that if you check something off your bucket list then you will do something nice for yourself. Maybe you have always been interested in bungee jumping, but have been too afraid. Put it on the list and promise yourself a shopping trip or anything else to ___63___ yourself into doing it.
Life is about ___64___ it up with as many experiences as possible, so don’t miss out on an
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amazing opportunity to ___65___ yourself or learn something valuable. |
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51. A. safe |
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B. sensitive |
C. alternative |
D. greedy |
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52. A. tempt |
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B. exclude |
C. scare |
D. impose |
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53. A. Therefore |
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B. Otherwise |
C. Moreover |
D. However |
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54. A. absorbed |
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B. participated |
C. caught |
D. involved |
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55. A. confidence |
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B. benefit |
C. burden |
D. passion |
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56. A. claimed |
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B. strived |
C. hesitated |
D. pretended |
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57. A. excited |
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B. curious |
C. flexible |
D. afraid |
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58. A. imagination |
B. control |
C. limits |
D. expectation |
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59. A. accomplish |
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B. combine |
C. cultivate |
D. ensure |
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60. A. accidentally |
B. desperately |
C. actually |
D. consequently |
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61. A. ideas |
B. forces |
C. factors |
D. effects |
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62. A. behave |
B. engage |
C. treat |
D. help |
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63. A. bribe |
B. trap |
C. cheat |
D. shape |
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64. A. making |
B. taking |
C. piling |
D. filling |
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65. A. satisfy |
B. relax |
C. identify |
D. better |
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【答案】 |
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51-65 ACDDA |
BDCAC BCADB |
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Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Learning to live as friends
The human race seems to be faced with a crisis after our best go players were defeated one by one by the artificial intelligence (AI) Alpha Go, We lost our pride of being at the top of the intelligence chain. And in October when Saudi Arabia gave citizenship to a robot named Sophia another privilege of being human was taken away. It looks like every
sing that separates humans and AI is at risk.
But we keep hoping that instead of “everything ”，there’s still something left in us that makes us irreplaceable.
To Hao Jingfang，winner of the 2016 Hugo Award for Best Novelette，that “something” is our consciousness.“AlphaGo is intelligent in a certain way ， but not intelligent enough to ask the important questions – Do I like playing Co? Do I want to play Go today? Why do I have to play Go when you tell me to?” she once said．In other words，computer programs don’t have a choice to say “no”．They probably don’t even know what a “choice” is – all they ever do is calculate． And to He Huaihong，a philosophy professor at Peking University，imagination and creativity
are also what make us special. A machine couldn’t have come up with the theory of gravity just because it was hit by a falling apple，he said．It’s human imagination that connects what seem to be completely random and irrelevant concepts，something that a machine—which works by fixed rules only—can't do，at least for now．
This is why BBC reporter Viktor Mayer-Schonberger suggested that instead of focusing on how computers have overshadowed us on calculating abilities than humans，we should probably “consider our quality at a different end of the spectrum(光谱)：creativity，originality，even plain illogical craziness，instead of hard-nosed(顽固的)logic”，he wrote．
So maybe in the future，as artificial intelligence becomes even more intelligent，humans and A1 will learn to use each other’s talents for good．If AI can handle the boring tasks like calculating and driving for us，we’11 have more time to create，think，and be busy with “being human”．
66．According to Hao Jingfang，AlphaGo______.
A．It will be taught to say no in the future．
B．It will be more intelligent than humans one day．
C．It has difficulty answering personal questions．
D．It is unable to think independently as humans do．
67．What does He Huaihong believe is unique to humans?
A．Intelligence． B．Originality． C．The ability to make rules．D．The ability to make choices．68．What does the underlined word “overshadowed”in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A．Competed with B．Taken control of C．Been more successful than D．Influenced 69．What could be the future of AI according to the author?
A．It will be used to help humans，rather than compete with us．
B．It may develop creativity besides better logical thinking．
C．It might be very dangerous to humans in different fields．
D．It will be applied to provide driving service for humans．
【答案】
66-69 D B C A
(B)
Forget Cyclists，Pedestrians are Real Danger
We are having a debate about this topic．Here are some letters from our readers．
■Yes ， many cyclists behave dangerously ． Many drivers are disrespectful of cyclists ． But pedestrians are probably the worse offenders．
People of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to the mobile phone，quite unaware of what is going on around them．They may even do the same thing while crossing a road at a pedestrian crossing or elsewhere．The rest of us have to evade （避让） them or just stand still to wait for the unavoidable collision．
The real problem is that some pedestrians seem to be，at least for the moment，in worlds of their own that are，to them，much more important than the welfare of others．
--Michael Horan
■I love the letter from Bob Brooks about cyclists（Viewpoints，May 29）．I am afraid they seem
to think they own the roads．
I was walking across Altrincham Road one morning when a cyclist went round me and on being asked what he was doing he shouted at me．
The government built a cycle lane on the road but it is hardly used．
The police do nothing．What a laugh they are!
The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets ，fluorescent（发荧光的） jacket and lights at night and in the morning they should pay some sort of tax and be fined for not wearing them．
--Carol Harvey
■Cyclists jump on and off pavements （which are meant for pedestrians），ride at speed along
the pavements，and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red． I was almost knocked down recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement when there was a cycle
lane right next to him．
Other road users，including horse riders，manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists？
It's about time they had to be registered and insured ， so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle，or cause an accident，at least they can be treated and there might be an opportunity to claim．
--JML
Write to Viewpoints of the newspaper．
70．Michael Horan wrote the letter mainly to show that_____.
A．drivers should be polite to cyclists B．road accidents can actually be avoided
C．some pedestrians are a threat to road safety D．walking while using phones hurts one's eyes
71．Carol Harvey suggests that cyclists should______.
A．be provided with enough roads B．be asked to ride on their own lanes
C．be made to pay less tax for cycling D．be fined for laughing at policemen
72．What is a complaint of JML？
A．Very few drivers are insured． B．Cyclists ride fast on pavements．
C．Pedestrians go through red traffic lights． D．Horse riders disrespect other road users．73．The three letters present viewpoints on______.
A．real source of road danger B．ways to improve road facilities
C．measures to punish road offences D．increased awareness of road rules．
【答案】
70-73 CDBA
(C)
Hepburn and Givenchy: a Fashion Love Story
Paris was already the fashion capital of the world by the 1950’s.It was the home of Coco Chanel, the revolutionary designer who was popular for wearing her string of pearls. It was a center for artists from all walks of life. Hubert de Givenchy, an unknown designer in his twenties, opened his first house in Paris in February 1952. Little did he know that a new year later, his life would change after meeting a girl named Audrey Hepburn.
Hepburn, fresh from success of her fit film Roman Holiday, was on journey to Paris in the summer of 1953. She was there to purchase French clothing for her upcoming film Sabrina（ 《龙凤配》 ） . Having heard of Givenchy’s modern designs, the 24 hour-year-old actress soon scheduled a visit to his house.
When the designer heard that a movie actress with the surname Hepburn was due to pay him a visit, he assumed that he would be meeting Katharine, the Hollywood legend. He was confused when a girl appeared at his door with large, attractive eyes and wearing a plain stripped T-shirt and trousers. Givenchy was busy preparing for his fall presentation, so he told Hepburn that he had no time to design a wardrobe （全部服装）for Sabrina.
Despite being turned down, Hepburn would not give up. She invited him to dinner, which
was unusual for a woman to do back then. Givenchy accept her call and it was at dinner that he was taken by her charm.Their fruitful professional and lifelong personal friendship began.
For the next four decades, Hepburn wore Givenchy with great devotion. Most famously, in the opening scene of Breakfast at Tiffany’s, she wore a “little black dress” made out of silk when having a croissant（羊角面包）outside Tiffany’s window of Fifth avenue.The dress is said to be one of the most famous and influential pieces of 20th century.
Many designers have a muse （灵感的源泉）, but the Hepburn-Givenchy relationship was something more symbiotic. With Hepburn at his muse, Givenchy drew inspiration for his designs from her slender body, elegance and movie star charm. On the other hand, Hepburn was so fascinated by Givenchy’s work that she kept loyal to him over the years. Most of her casual wear was designed by Givenchy as well.
It may not be a traditional love story, but love may come in different forms. For Hepburn and Givenchy, the friendship endured the test of time because of their respect for each other., fueled by
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the two things they loved: fashion and the movies. |
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74. |
According to the article, it was in the early 1950s that Herbert de Givenchy ______________. |
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A. Rose to fame with Coco Channel |
B. started his own business in Paris |
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C.met Katharine Hepburn for the first time |
D. designed the wardrobe for Roman Holiday |
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Which words best describe Audrey Hepburn when she first met Givenchy? |
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A. Good-looking and persistent |
B. attractive and nervous |
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C.Bad tempered and stubborn |
D. Ordinary and shy |
76. The underlined word in the 6th paragraph probably describes a relationship between people
who ______________.
A. Take advantage of each other B. are totally different from each other C.Know nothing about each other D. depend on each other equally
77. According to the article, Givenchy formed a lifelong friendship with Hepburn mainly because
______________.
A. he was taken by her charm B. she served as his muse
C. they had common interest D. they cared for each other
【答案】74-77 BADC
(D)
A new survey by Harvard University finds more than two-thirds of young Americans disapprove of President Trump’s use of Twitter The implication is that Millennials（千禧一代） prefer news from the White House to be filtered（过滤）through other source, not a president’s social media platform.
Most Americans rely on social media to check daily headlines. Yet as distrust has risen toward all media, people may be starting to beef up their media literacy skills Such a trend is badly needed. During the 2016 presidential campaign, nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in the politically critical state of Michigan was fake news, according to the University of Oxford And a survey conducted for Buzz Feed News found 44 percent of Facebook users rarely or never trust news from the media giant.
Young people who are digital natives are indeed becoming more skillful at separating fact from fiction in cyberspace.A Knight Foundation focus-group survey of young people between ages 14and24 found they use “distributed trust”（分布式信任）to verify stories They cross-check sources and prefer news from different perspectives—especially those that are open about any bias “Many young people assume a great deal of personal responsibility for educating themselves and actively seeking out opposing viewpoints,” the survey concluded.
Such active research can have another effect A 2014 survey conducted in Australia，Britain， and the United States by the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that young people’s reliance on social media led to greater political engagement.
Social media allows users to experience news events more intimately and immediately while also permitting them to re-share news as a projection of their values and interests.This forces users to be more conscious of their role in passing along information A survey by Barna research group found the top reason given by Americans for the fake news phenomenon is”reader error,” more so than made-up stories or factual mistakes in reporting About a third say the problem of fake news lies in “misinterpretation or exaggeration（夸张）of actual news” via social media In other words, the choice to share news on social media may be the heart of the issue “This indicates there is a real personal responsibility in counteracting（抵消）this problem,” says Roxanne Stone, editor in
chief at Barna Group.
So when young people are critical of an over-tweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills – and in their choices on when to share on social media.
78. According to the Paragraphs 1 and 2, many young Americans cast doubts on_________.
A. the justification of the news-filtering practice
B. people’s preference for social media platforms
C. the administrations ability to handle information
D. social media was a reliable source of news
79. The underlined word in paragraph 2 probably means _________.
A. strengthen B.boast C.define D.share
80. According to the knight foundation survey, young people __________.
A. tend to voice their opinions in cyberspace
B. check news by referring to diverse resources
C. have s strong sense of responsibility
D. like to exchange views on “distributed trust”
81. The Barna survey found that a main cause for the fake news problem is __________.
A. readers outdated values B. journalists’ biased reporting C. readers’ misinterpretation D. journalists’ made-up stories
82. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A. A Rise in Critical Skills for Sharing News Online
B. A Counteraction Against the Over-tweeting Trend
C. The Accumulation of Mutual Trust on Social Media
D. The Platforms for Projection of Personal Interests
【答案】78-82 DABCA
Section C (8%)
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.
Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. For me, this has struck home (触及痛处).
B. for in its best form, this kind of travel has very little impact, or indeed has a positive effect, on the environments where it takes place.
C. In doing so we are therefore assured of decreasing our impact on the delicate environments.
D. And the incident is probably the result of a terrible systemic failure.
E. The feeling was that of complete disregard (漠视）for the bear and the environment in which it lived.
F. This is not something that is taken lightly.
Should Ecotourism Be Allowed
The image was shocking, and the response was entirely predictable. The sight of a polar bear lying stricken (受严重侵害的）on a beach --blood matting the fur of its neck, with one huge paw folded under its body -- received immediate criticism globally. By the shore in the background stand a group of guides, talking to each other. One of them had a rifle hanging casually on his shoulder. ________83__________. The reality, however, is considerably more complex.
This powerful image has thrown into question the motivation for this kind of tourism, or ecotourism. Should we be in these environments at all?Are there regions in the world where nature should be left completely untouched? Does our proximity ( 接近 )to large animals in the wild, frequently fuelled by a desire for sensational images, lead to such animals becoming accustomed to human contact? If that is the case, surely the losing side will end up paying the ultimate price for such proximity.
Before answering these questions, we should first consider the incident that has caught global attention. _______84________. I have recently returned from a trip to Svalbard(斯瓦尔巴群岛), and indeed stood two weeks ago on the very beach where the bear was shot.
To put it simply, the bear's death should never have happened. _______85____________. Was the beach examined from the ship offshore beforehand? Were the clients themselves closely supervised to prevent one becoming isolated? Was there access to flares (照明弹）to scare off a bear that appeared suddenly? These are standard measures for any respected operator.
Nevertheless, the image and the incident should not be used to criticize the concept of
ecotourism, _______86_______. This can be by making financial donations to conservation
groups, providing income to local communities, or ensuring protection of certain areas or animals. In the case of Svalbard, visitors often become ambassadors for the endangered polar bear, increasing awareness of the fact that the far greater danger facing them is the recession (后退）of ice in the Arctic Ocean.
Ecotourism is an expanding market that brings benefits as well as challenges to the regions around the world in which it operates. Simply closing off these regions is not the answer. The key is responsibility and research before booking. When ecotourism is conducted correctly, the benefits are direct, immediate and long-lasting.
【答案】E A D B
IV. Summary
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Marathons can be bad for your health, scientists have warned after a study found 80 per cent of competitors suffer kidney(肾) injury because of dehydration(脱水).
Researchers said that although the kidneys of the participants in the 26.2 mile race fully recovered within two days, their findings raise questions concerning the potential long-term impact at a time when marathons are increasing in popularity.
The findings were published by the American Journal of Kidney Diseases, as thousands of people prepare for next month's London Marathon.
Previous research has shown that engaging in unusually vigorous activities - such as military training - in warm climates can damage the kidneys, but little is known about the effects of marathon running.
A team of researchers led by Professor Chirag Parikh, of Yale University in the US, studied a small group of participants in the 2015 Hartford Marathon.
They collected blood and urine( 尿液 ) samples before and after the event. They analysed a variety of markers of kidney injury, including serum creatinine levels, kidney cells on microscopy, and proteins in urine.
The researchers found that 82 per cent of the runners that were studied showed Stage 1 Acute
Kidney Injury (AKI) soon after the race. AKI is a condition in which the kidneys fail to filter waste from the blood.
Prof Parikh said: "The kidney responds to the physical stress of marathon running as if it's injured, in a way that's similar to what happens in hospitalised patients when the kidney is affected by medical and surgical complications(并发症)."
The researchers stated that potential causes of the marathon-related kidney damage could be the sustained rise in core body temperature, dehydration, or decreased blood flow to the kidneys that occur during a marathon.
While the measured kidney injury resolved within two days of running the marathon, the researchers said the study still raises questions about the effects of repeated strenuous( 剧烈的 ) activity over time, especially in warm climates.
【答案】
Researchers of Yale University found marathon might cause kidney injury. The analysis of blood and urine samples shows most runners’ kidneys can’t filter waste very well within two days after the race. The rise in core body temperature, dehydration, or decreased blood flow may account for the problem. The finding raises concern about excessive vigorous activities in warm climate.
I. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 88.科学家们提议通过使用先进技术是灭绝的动物复活，但他们遭到巨大的挑战。（encounter)【答案】Scientists suggest/ propose/ have suggested/have proposed reviving extinct animals by using advanced technology, but they encounter/have encountered enormous/great/major challenges.
89.很多因素导致物种濒危，包括破坏栖息地、不合理捕猎以及引进非本土物种。（endanger）
【答案】Many factors cause/have caused species to become endangered, including destroying the habitats, hunting (animals) unreasonably and introducing non-native species.
90.这部影片使我想起了那些艰苦的日子，那时，尽管困难重重，我们仍坚守着自己的目标。（despite）
【答案】The/This movie/film reminds me of the /those hard days when we still stuck to/held on to
our goals despite all kinds of difficulties.
91.从不崇尚时髦的特蕾莎修女（Mother Teresa）一生致力于帮助穷人，因此她理应是诺贝尔和平奖得主。（devote, deserve）
【答案】Mother Teresa, who was never keen on fashion, devoted all her life to helping the poor and therefore she deserved to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
92.在演讲中，她使用谚语“勿以貌取人”来说明不是时尚而是内在美反映一个人的品格。（illustrate）
【答案】She quoted/ used the saying " Don't /Never judge a book by its cover" in her speech to illustrate that not fashion but inner beauty reflects one's character/quality.
93.穿校服证明是促进安全和纪律的良方，也能减少同龄人压力，而非防止学生展示个性。（prove, instead of）
【答案】 Wearing school uniforms has proved /proves to be a good way to promote safety and discipline, and can reduce peer pressure instead of keeping students from showing their individuality.
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