2018年英语中考归纳复习专题：情景交际
【情景交际】
情景交际类单项填空题属于“语言功能”考核项目，考查学生的交际能力和对英美国家文化背景的了解。在解答该类题目时，要避开一些误区：
一忌上词下用（如不能用“No thanks.”回答“Thank you very much.”）；
二忌中文思维（要充分了解英美文化）；
三忌直接回绝（英美人拒绝请求或邀请时一般比较委婉）；四忌答非所问（与问话不相关的选项可排除，分清相近选项，如With pleasure.“我很乐意。”和My pleasure./It’s a pleasure.“不用谢;不客气。”）。
要避免此类错误，我们不仅要分析语境，理解交际场合和意图，还要在平时的学习中积累常用功能意念交际项目的常用表达。部分常用表达归纳如下：
1.问候
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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直接问候 与应答 |
(1)—How are you？你好吗？ —I’m fine/OK,thanks/thank you.我很好，谢谢。 (2)—Nice to meet/see you.很高兴见到你。 —Nice to meet/see you,too.我也很高兴见到你。 (3)—How’s it going?/How are you doing?/How is everything going?/How is everything with you?/How are you getting on?/What’s up？近来可好？ —Pretty good./Very well./Everything is OK./Not bad.非常好。/一切都很好。/马马虎虎。 |
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间接问候 与应答 |
—Say hi/hello to... /Please give my regards/best wishes to.../Please remember me to...向……问好。/请代我向……问好。 —Of course./Sure/Thanks,I will.当然。/当然/谢谢，我会的。 |
2.感谢
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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感谢 |
(1)Thanks (a lot)./Thank you (very/so much)./Many thanks.（非常）感谢。 (2)Thanks/Thank you for...(因……)感谢你。 (3)It’s very kind/nice of you.你真是太好了。 (4)Thanks.That would be nice.谢谢，那太好了。 (5)Thank you all the same.还是得感谢你。 (常用于应答别人实际上没帮上忙时) |
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应答 |
(1)You’re welcome./Not at all./That’s all right./That’s OK./Don’t mention it./My pleasure./It’s a pleasure.不用谢。/不客气。 (2)I’m glad you like it.我很高兴你喜欢它。（常用于应答别人感谢你送的礼物时） |
3.道歉
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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道歉 |
Sorry./I’m sorry./I’m sorry for/that...抱歉。/我很抱歉…… |
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应答 |
That’s all right./That’s OK./Not at all./Never mind./It doesn’t matter./It’s nothing.没关系。 |
4.邀请
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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邀请 |
(1)Will/Would/Can/Could you come to...？你能来……吗？ (2)Would you like to...？你愿意(想要)……吗？ (3)May I invite you to...？ 我可以邀请你……吗？ |
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接受邀请 |
(1)Sure/Yes,I’d love/like to.是的，我愿意。 (2)Yes.It’s very kind/nice of you.是的，你真是太好了。 (3)That would be nice.那太好了。 |
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拒绝邀请
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(1)No,thanks/thank you.不，谢谢。 (2) I’d love/like to,but...我很乐意，但是…… |
5.请求允许
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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请求允许 |
(1)May/Can/Could I...？我可以……吗？ (2)Can/Could/Will/Would you please...？请你……好吗？/你能……吗？ (3)Would you mind(not)...？你介意……吗？/请你不要……好吗？ (4)I wonder if I can/could...我想知道我能否…… |
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肯定应答 |
(1)Yes./Sure./Certainly.当然可以。 (2)Of course,you can.当然了，你可以的。 (3)Yes,do please./Go ahead,please.是的，请。/请吧。 (4)OK./All right.好的。 (5)Certainly not./Of course not./Not at all.当然不介意。/一点也不介意。(常用于应答以上第3句) |
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否定应答
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(1)I’m afraid not.恐怕不行。 (2)You’d better not./Better not.(你)最好不要。(常用于应答以上第3句) (3)I’m sorry (，but) you can’t...很抱歉，（但）你不能…… (4)I’m afraid it’s not allowed.恐怕这是不允许的。 (5)Sorry,I’m afraid I can’t.抱歉，我恐怕不行。 （6）Sorry,I/we won’t do it again.抱歉，我/我们不那样做了。(常用于应答由Would you mind not...?提出的请求) |
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6.寻求帮助
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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寻求帮助 |
Can you help me?/Can you give me a hand?/Can you do me a favor？你可以帮助我吗？ |
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肯定应答 |
Sure./Certainly./Of course./No problem./With pleasure.当然可以。/没问题。/我很乐意。 |
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否定应答 |
Sorry,I’m afraid I can’t.抱歉，我恐怕不行。 |
7.提供帮助
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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提供帮助 |
(1)Can I help you？我可以帮忙吗？ (2)What can I do for you？我能为你做些什么？ (3)Would you like me to help you？要我帮你吗？ (4)Let me help you.让我来帮你。 |
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肯定应答 |
(1)Yes,please.好的，请吧。 (2)Yes,thanks.好的，谢谢。 (3)Thanks.That would be nice.谢谢，那太好了。 |
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否定应答 |
(1)No,thanks/thank you.不用，谢谢。 (2)That’s very nice of you.But I can manage it myself.你真好。但是我自己能处理（应付得来）。 (3)No,I can do it,but thank you all the same.不用，我可以自己做，但还是得感谢你。 |
8.建议&劝告、警告&禁止
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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建议&劝告 |
(1)What/How about...？……怎么样？ (2)Why not.../Why don’t you...？为什么不……？ (3)Shall we...？我们……好吗？ (4)Let’s...让我们…… (5)You’d better (not)...你最好（不要）…… (6)You should/shouldn’t ...你(不)应当…… (7)Remember to...记得去…… |
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警告&禁止 |
(1) You mustn’t... 不准/禁止…… (2) Don’t... 不要…… |
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肯定应答 |
(1)Sounds great/good./Good idea./That’s /It’s a good idea./All right./OK.听起来不错。/好主意。/那是个好主意。/好的。（以上常用于应答别人提出的建议） (2)Why not?为什么不呢？ (3)I can’t wait.我等不及了。 (4)OK,I will.好的，我会的。（常用于应答以上第7句） (5)Thanks for your advice.谢谢你的建议。 |
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否定应答 |
Sorry,I won’t. 对不起，我不会了。（常用于应答别人发出的警告） |
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9.祝愿&祝贺
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类型 |
适用场合 |
常用表达 |
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祝愿&祝贺 |
要去参加考试或比赛时 |
Good luck (to you)!/I wish you success! 祝你好运！/祝你成功！ |
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取得好成绩时 |
Congratulations!/Well done!/Good job! 恭喜你！/干得好! |
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要去旅行或参加聚会时 |
Have a good/great/nice/pleasant time/trip./Enjoy yourself./Have fun.旅途愉快。/玩得开心。 |
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过生日时 |
Happy birthday! 生日快乐！ |
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应答 |
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Thanks./Thank you.谢谢！ |
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应答公共节日
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过春节、圣诞节等公共节日时 |
—Merry Christmas! 圣诞节快乐！ —Thanks.You too./The same to you.谢谢，你也一样。 |
10.赞美
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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赞美 |
(1)You look nice in red.你穿红色衣服很漂亮。 (2)Your new watch is cool.你的新手表很炫。 (3)The cake tastes so delicious.蛋糕太美味了。 |
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应答 |
Thanks./Thank you.谢谢。 |
11.情感
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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高兴 |
(1)How wonderful! 太棒了！ (2)I’m pleased/glad to know/hear that. 知道/听闻那事我很高兴。 |
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满意 |
Good!/Well done!/Perfect!/That’s fine./That’s good enough.好！/干得好！/完美！/那很好。/那足够好了。 |
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忧虑&应答 |
忧虑：(1)I’m afraid it’s too hard/difficult.恐怕这个太难了。 (2)I am/feel nervous.我感觉很紧张。 |
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应答：(1)Come on.You can do it.加油。你可以的。 (2)Take it easy.别着急。 (3)Don’t worry.不要担心。 |
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遗憾 |
(1)I’m so sorry.很抱歉。 (2)It’s a great pity.太遗憾了。 (3)What a pity/shame! 真遗憾！ |
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同情 |
（1）I’m sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我很难过。 （2）That’s/It’s too bad.那太糟糕了。 |
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12.打算
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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打算与应答 |
(1)—What are you going to do tonight？今晚你打算干什么？ —Not much.没什么事。 (2)—Will you go...？你将去……吗？ —I’m afraid not.我恐怕不去。 |
13.观点&看法
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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观点&看法 |
(1)What do you think of...?/How do you like...?/How do you feel about...？你认为……怎么样？ (2)How was...？……怎么样？ |
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应答
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(1)Great./Wonderful./Fantastic.很好。/很精彩。/了不起。 (2)It was great./They are wonderful.它太棒了。/它们太完美了。 (3)I love them (very much)./I don’t mind them./I can’t stand them.我（非常）喜欢它们。/我不介意它们。/我忍受不了它们。 |
14.天气、日期
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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询问天气与应答 |
—What’s the weather like today?/How’s the weather today？今天天气怎么样？ —It’s fine/cloudy/windy/rainy/...晴天/多云/有风/下雨/…… |
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询问日期与应答 |
(1)—What day is it today？今天是星期几？ —It’s Monday.星期一。 (2)—What’s the date today？今天是几号？ —It’s June 1st.6月1日。 |
15.打电话
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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打电话方 |
(1)Could/May/Can I speak to...,please？请找……接电话，好吗？ (2)Who’s that (speaking)？你是哪一位？ (3)This is...(speaking).我是…… (4)Hello,is that...(speaking)？你好，你是……吗？ (5)I’d like to speak to...我想找…… (6)Could you ask him/her to call me back？您能让他/她给我回电话吗？ (7)I’m calling you to tell/ask you to...我打电话给你是想告诉/要你…… |
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接电话方 |
(1)Speaking,please.请讲。 (2)Hold on (for a moment),please.请稍等。 (3)This is...(speaking).我是…… (4)I’m sorry/afraid he/she isn’t in at the moment/right now.对不起，他/她现在不在。 (5)Can I take a message？要我传个口信吗？ |
16.就餐
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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询问 |
(1)What would you like (to have)？你想要(吃/喝)些什么？ (2)Would you like something to eat/drink？你想吃/喝点什么吗？ (3)Help yourself to...请随便吃/喝点……
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同意 |
(1)I’d like rice and chicken.我要米饭和鸡肉。 (2)A cup of tea,please.请给我一杯茶。 (3)Yes,some noodles,please.是的，来点面。 (4)Yes,I’d like a drink.是的，我要一杯饮料。 (5)Just a little,please.只要一点点。 |
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拒绝 |
(1)No,thank you.(I’ve had enough.) 不用了，谢谢。(我已经吃饱了。) (2)I’m full,thank you.我饱了，谢谢。 |
17.购物
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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寒暄语 |
—Can I help you?/What can I do for you？有什么可以帮您的吗？ —Yes,please.好的。 |
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营业员 |
(1)How many/much...do you want？您想要多少？ (2)What kind/color/size do you like/want？你喜欢/想要什么种类/颜色/尺寸的？ (3)What/How about this？这个怎么样？ (4)Here you are.给你。 |
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顾客 |
(1)I want/would like to buy some...(for...)我想（为……）买一些…… (2)I’m looking for...我正在找…… (3)Have you got any other kind/color/size？你们还有其他种类/颜色/尺寸的吗？ (4)That looks nice/great.看起来不错。 (5)How much is it?(=How much does it cost?) /How much are they？这个/这些多少钱？ (6)Can/May I try it/them on？我能试一试吗？ |
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18.看病
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类型 |
常用表达 |
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医生 |
(1)What’s the matter/trouble (with you)?/What’s wrong(with you)?/What’s up？你怎么了？ (2)How long have you been like this？你像这样多久了？ (3)There’s nothing serious.不要紧/不严重。 (4)You’d better have a good rest.你最好好好休息。 (5)Take this medicine and stay in bed for a few days.吃这个药并卧床休息几天。 (6)You will get better soon.你会很快好起来的。 |
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病人 |
(1)I have a headache/stomachache/toothache/cold/cough/sore throat.我头痛/胃痛/牙疼/感冒了/咳嗽/喉咙痛。 (2)I’m not feeling well./I don’t feel very well./I feel terrible/bad.我感觉不舒服。 (3)There’s something wrong with my...我的……不舒服。 (4)I hurt my left leg./My left leg hurts.我的左腿受伤了。 (5)I can’t sleep well./I didn’t get enough sleep.我睡不好。/我睡眠不够。 |
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【考点训练】
1.—It is very nice of you to help me．
—__________. （ ）
A.I agree B.Not yet
C.My pleasure D.No way2.—Would you like to see a movie with me tonight?
—_______.I have to do chores. （ ）
A.Good luck B.Let’s go
C.No problem D.I’m afraid not
3.—My parents will bring me to Shanghai Disneyland the day after tomorrow.
—______. （ ）
A.I’m sorry to hear that
B.It’s my pleasure
C.Best wishes to you
D.Have a good trip
4.—I’m sorry.I broke your tea cup.
—____.I have another one at home. （ ）
A.It doesn’t matter B.You’d better not
C.My pleasure D.It’s too bad
5.—I’m very nervous the night before the big exam.
—_____.I’m sure you can make it. （ ）
A.Take it easy B.Take your time
C.Go ahead D.Enjoy yourself
6.—You were amazing today!Well done!
—________. （ ）
A.All right B.Thank you
C.Not yet D.Of course
7.—I had a pleasant winter vacation with my family in the north.
—_______.（ ）
A.Oh,that’s nice of you.
B.Enjoy yourself!
C.Well done!
D.Glad to hear that.
8.—Let’s go to the movie after the test.
—_____. （ ）
A.Not at all B.Never mind
C.It doesn’t matter D.Good idea
答案：CDDAABDD
【中考示例】
—Sorry for being late.
—_____.( )
A.That’s sure. B.Here you are.
C.Never mind. D.Certainly.
【解析】考查情景交际。问句句意：抱歉迟到了。A项意为“那是真的”；B项意为“给你”；C项意为“没关系”；D项意为“当然”。由语境可知C项符合题意。
【考题热身】
1.—Hello,is that Molly speaking?
—______. （ ）
A.You’re welcome
B.Speaking,please
C.This way,please
D.Glad to hear that
2.—_______?
—I want to buy a pair of sports shoes. （ ）
A.What’s wrong
B.What can I do for you
C.How much is it
D.What does it look like
3.—Don’t throw rubbish everywhere,please.Building a civilized(文明的) city is our duty.
—_____. （ ）
A.OK,I will B.You are joking
C.Take it easy D.Sorry,I won’t
4.—It’s a little cold.Would you mind closing the window?
—_____.I will do it right away. （ ）
A.Forget it B.No,you can’t
C.Not at all D.Of course
5.—How is everything going?
—_____. （ ）
A.Everything is finished
B.Nothing has been done
C.Not so bad，you know
D.Not doing wrong，you see
6.—Do you think it’s going to rain this afternoon?
—____.We’re just planning to have a picnic later this afternoon. （ ）
A.I hope not B.I expect so
C.Yes，it was D.No，I won’t
7.—We have won the first prize in the match!
—____.（ ）
A.Never mind. B.Nice work!
C.Have a good trip! D.Wait a moment!
8.—It’s nearly lunch time.How about having some noodles and dumplings?
—_____. （ ）
A.You’re welcome
B.That’s right
C.That’s nice of you
D.That sounds good
9.—He’s too short to be a successful basketball player.
—_____.Every dog has its day. （ ）
A.I think so B.It’s hard to say
C.That’s right D.You’d better not
10.—Would you like to go to the movies with me this Sunday?
—_____.I’ll be free that day. （ ）
A.Sorry,I can’t B.Yes,I do
C.Yes,I’d love to D.No,I wouldn’t
11.—I had a very good time at the charity show.Thanks for your invitation.
—_____. （ ）
A.All right B.You are welcome
C.Good luck to you D.Not too bad
12.—Mum,I’ll take an important test tomorrow.
—Don’t be nervous.____,Sandy! （ ）
A.Good luck B.Good idea
C.Well done D.Have a good time
13.—Our team lost the basketball game and I feel very sad.
—_______.I believe you can do better next time.
（ ）
A.It’s right B.It’s exciting
C.It’s not a big deal D.It’s not a good idea
14.—Mum,I’m going to school now.See you.
—______,Mary. （ ）
A.Here we go B.Wait a moment
C.My pleasure D.Have a nice day
15.—______
—Congratulations! （ ）
A.Sorry for breaking the glass.
B.How are you feeling today?
C.I was awarded first prize in the writing contest.
D.Why not take the underground to the university?
答案：BBDCCABDBCBACDC
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