2019届杨浦高级中学英语高二上学期第一单元测验
时间：50分钟 满分：100分
I.Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions:Beneath each of the following sentence there are four choice marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
1.Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and_________.
A.neither won’t Tom
B.Tom won’t neither
C.Tom will to
D.So will Tom
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查倒装。否定句中，“neither+助动词+主语”表示“。。。也一样”。因此本
题表示Tom也不会去参加晚上的宴会。
2.In front of the famous big trees________a family ,________the parents treat their children like
a friend
A.lives;where
B.were;which
C.settle;while
D.staying;who
【答案】A
【解析】第一个空本题考查倒装。表示方位介词词组放在句首句子要用完全倒装。因此谓语动词要放在主语前面。再考虑时态，描述事实用一般现在时因此用三单。第二个空考查定语从句。先行词是family，从句并不缺少句子成分，因此这里只能用表地点的关系副词where。所以这题选择A。
3.----When did the British explorer James Cook get to Antarctic?
----Not until the late 18th century_______the Antarctic Circle,but he never saw land.
A.did he cross
B.he crossed
C.had he crossed
D.he had crossed
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查部分倒装。Not until 谓语句首句子要用部分倒装。句子的时态是过去时，因此在主语之前加上助动词did即可。所以答案是A。
4.In my driving lessons, I learned a traffic rule that no time ______parked in manner which will block emergence service.
A.any vehicle is
B.is any vehicle
C.can any vehicle be
D.any vehicle can be
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查倒装。从句以表示否定意义的词为句首句子要用完全倒装。再根据句意“任何车辆任何时候都不能阻碍晋级服务”，所以答案是C。
5.Not only______ their kids to join in the physical activities they enjoy,but schools should also create opportunities for children to be active.
A.should parents encourage
B.parents should encourage
C.did parents encourage
D.patents encouraged
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查部分倒装。同样“not until”位于句首。时态应该是一般现在时，因此C不符合，剩下只有答案A是部分倒装结构。所以答案是A
6.Sales director is a position______communication ability is just as important as sales.
A.which
B.that
C.when
D.where
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查定语从句。先行词为position，从句不缺少成份，因此这里应该填表示地点的关系副词where。
7.It remains to be seen_______the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.
A.that
B.which
C.what
D.whether
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查主语从句。“It”是形式主语，从句部分并不缺少句子成份。由于是“尚未可知”所以这里并不是一个陈述事实的陈述句，而是一个一般疑问句。所以不能选A。
8.________we have enough evidence,we can’t win the case.
A.Once
B.as long as
C.Unless
D.Since
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查状语从句。“除非我们有足够的证据，否则无法赢下这个官司”，因此选C
9.Four thousand seven hundred meters above sea level______,its glacier being the source of Asia’s most important river.
A.the Tibetan Plateau lies
B.lies the Tibetan Plateau
C.does the Tibetan Plateau lies
D.lying the Tibetan Plateau
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查完全倒装。表示方位的介词短语位于句首，句子用完全倒装。因此选择B。
10.Only after talking to two students ________that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
A.I did discover
B.did I discover
C.I discovered
D.discovered I
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查倒装。Only后面加状语句子用部分倒装。因此结构符合的只有B。
So involved in his business ______ that he can hardly accompany his wife and children at weekends.
the manager has become
becomes the manager
has become the manager
has the manager become
【答案】D
【解析】So...that结构中so+adj.置于句首句子要部分倒装，根据句意“几乎不能在周末陪妻子和孩子”说明已经对现在造成了影响，所以要用完成时
“Nowhere else ______ a greater talent for innovation than in Internet-baesd business”, said the report.
are Chinese businessmen shown
Chinese businessmen have shown
have Chinese businessmen shown
Chinese businessmen have been shown
【答案】C
【解析】根据句意排除AD，不能用被动。Nowhere否定词放句首部分倒装
This is the only way we can imagine ______ the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
reducing
to reduce
reduced
Reduce
【答案】B
【解析】不定式表目的，去节约水的过渡滥用
Many buildings in the city need ______ , but the one ______ first is the library.
repaired...repaired
to be repaired...being repaired
to be repaired...repairing
repairing...to be repaired
【答案】D
【解析】第一空need doing 主动表被动，第二空first搭配不定式
“Never for a second”, the boy says, “ ______ that my father would come to my rescue.”
I doubted
do I doubt
I have doubted
did I doubt
【答案】D
【解析】句意为：这个男孩说：“我从不怀疑我父亲会来救我。”the boy says插入语可不看。Never否定副词置于句首部分倒装，would come to可知要用过去时
16. Dark matter gives out no light and only because of its gravity effect on visible matter
see its existence.
A. everyone dose
B. does every one
C. does nobody
D. nobody does
【答案】C
【分析】根据句意，应选带有nobody的选项，因为句子中only修饰状语从句，主句部分倒装，选C
17. Present at the historic meeting many an official on Nov 7, of course President Xi Jinping and Ma Ying-jeou .
A. was; included
B. was; including
C. were; included
D. has been; included
【答案】A
【分析】many a +单数构成的短语谓语动词要用单数，第二空为分词的独立结构，选择过去分词表示被动即可
18. —How often do you refer to a dictionary when you are reading an English novel?
—Well it depends. it actually affects my understanding ____ look the word up.
A. Only if; will I
B. Only if; I will
C. Unless; will I
D. Unless; I will
【答案】A
【分析】根据句意，选择表达肯定的only if， only修饰状语从句时，主句部分倒装，选A
19. Many college students are willing to work in Western China after graduation where, , more opportunities of employment are available.
A. as it is poor and backward
B. poor and backward as it is
C. poor and backward though it is
D. though poor and backward it is
【答案】B
【分析】as引导的倒装句，adj/adv+as+n+v构成一种让步状语从句
20. Under no circumstances temporary economic development at the expense of the environment and resources.
A. should we seek
B. we should seek
C. we had sought
D. had we sought
【答案】A
【分析】句首为否定的词语时，如题中的Under no circumstances，句子出现部分倒装，选A
Section B
Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
|
A. humbled B. optimistic C. incredible D. inequalities AB. highlights AC. emerging AD. substitute BC. regularly BD. transform CD. fulfills ABC. virtually |
If you could shuffle all of the homes in the world like a deck of cards so that people in wealthy countries lived side by side from poor countries, it would (21) the world’s fight against poverty, hunger and disease. It would be impossible for people to look away, impossible for them not to help.
I was ignorant of the deep poverty in the world until I took my first trip to Africa with Melinda in 1993. Seeing the (22) with our own eyes made all the difference and inspired us to start our foundation.
Since then, I’ve continued to travel (23) to Africa, India, and other parts of the developing world. I always return from my trips (24) and inspired. My one disappointment is that I wish everyone could have seen what I did. I have no doubt it would help more people become aware of the challenges the world’s poorest people face. It would also leave them as (25) as I am about the (26) progress the world is making in health and development.
During my trip to South Africa in July, I tried something new that I hope will allow people to experience what I have. I had (27) of my visit recorded in virtual reality. It’s still an (28)
technology but what excites me about it is that it allows viewers to dive themselves in another world. You can look up and down. Turn right or left. Listen to sounds around you. I used to think there was no (29) to being there and seeing things for yourself. But virtual reality is as close second. It (30) my dream of allowing people to see what I’m seeing and, perhaps, feel what I’m feeling, too.
【答案】21-25 BD D BC A B 26-30 C AB AC AD CD
【解析】
21.考查动词。由would判断填动词原形，有AD跟BD两个选项，再根据句意“转变世界对抗贫穷、饥饿与疾病”，选BD
22.考查名词。根据上下文语境，前一句提到了“deep poverty”，判断是亲眼所见不平等，选D
23.考查副词。框中有两个副词，regularly和virtually，根据句意，“从那以后，我继续频繁游历非洲、印度以及发展中国家的其他区域。”填BC
24.考查形容词。由and后的inspired提示“我从旅行中变得谦恭并受到启发。”另外两个形容词optimistic（乐观的）和incredible（难以置信的）不符合题意。
25.考查形容词。根据句意，提到的是好的方面“世界做出了进步”，所以是如我一般乐观，填B
26.考查形容词。incredible修饰progress，选C
27.考查名词。highlight名词的释义为最重要的事情
28.考查形容词。固定搭配，emerging technology新兴技术
29.考查名词。根据句意“我过去常以为亲身经历亲眼所见是不可替代的。”
30.考查动词。固定搭配，fulfill one’s dream完成某人的梦想
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Robert Frank, an economist at Cornell, believes that his profession is restricting cooperation and generosity. In the U.S., economics professors give (31) ____ money to charity than professors in other fields. Economics students in Germany are more likely than those from other majors to recommend an overpriced plumber (水管工) when they are (32) ____to do it. Economics majors tend to rate (33) ____as “generally good,” “correct,” and “moral” more than their peers.
Does studying economics change people? Maybe not. It could be self-selection: students who already believe in self-interest are (34) ____ to economics. But this doesn't exclude the possibility that studying economics pushes people further toward the selfish extreme. By spending time with like-minded people, economics students may become (35) ____ that selfishness is widespread and reasonable -- or at least that giving is rare and foolish.
“As a business school professor, these effects worry me, as economics, (36) ____every aspect of our lives, is taught widely in business schools, providing a (37) ____for courses in management, finance, and accounting.” says Frank.
If economics can (38) ____pro-social behavior, which is central to the well-being of people or society, what should we do about it? A change in economics and business (39) ____ is suggested. Courses in behavioral economics, which considers the role of “social preferences” like (40) ____, fairness and cooperation, are required for students of economics major. In fact, economics courses not involving some behavioral economics are considered both an inadequate education and a poor preparation to be a practicing economist. Also, (41) ____width, economics majors are required to take courses in social sciences like sociology and psychology, which place considerable emphasis on how people are (42) ____about others, not only themselves. (43) ____, within economics courses, we should do a better job (44) ____ the principle of self-interest, which involves anything a person values -- including helping others.
Not until then may the prophecy (预言) by Nobel Prize-winning economist and philosopher Amartya Sen be (45) ____. Calling economists “rational fools,” he observed: “The purely economic man is indeed close to being a social fool.”
31. A. fewer B. less C. smaller D. more
32. A. encouraged B. requested C. assigned D. paid
33. A. teamwork B. greed C. desire D. economics
34. A. opposed B. entitled C. drawn D. attached
35. A. convinced B. depressed C. relaxed D. doubtful
36. A. depending on B. adapting to C. differing from D. relating to
37. A. potential B. judgment C. foundation D.reason
38. A. assess B. research C. discourage D. cause
39. A. education B. standard C. approach D. application
40. A. competition B. evaluation C. community D. generosity
41. A. in case of B. in terms of C. in relation to D. in need of
42. A. concerned B. anxious C. curious D. enthusiastic
43. A. However B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. otherwise
44. A. claiming B. defining C. overlooking D. recalling
45. A. broken B. predicted C. challenged D. fulfilled
【答案】：31-45 BDBCA DCCAD BACBD
【解析】：
31.前面提到经济学家的职业在限制合作和慷慨的行为，所以他们给慈善机构的钱更少，选B。
32.在德国学经济的学生收到钱之后才会去推荐overpriced plumber，与上文意思呼应，选D。
33. greed贪心、贪婪，经济学专业的人把贪心看做是“好的，正确的，道德的”，符合文意，选C。
34.drawn的原形是draw，意为拉、吸引，这里是说相信自我利益的学生容易被经济学吸引，选C。
35.convince说服、相信，和类似的人待在一起，经济学的学生更加相信自私是合理的，选A。
36. relating to 与……有关，这里是说经济学与我们生活息息相关，符合文意，选D。
37.经济学在很多商学院广泛地被教，为以后的管理学、金融以及会计学课程提供基础，选C。
38.discourage阻碍，根据文意可知，如果经济学不教学生上述内容，它就会阻碍学生更好地走上社会，选C。
39.根据文意可知，Robert Frank建议经济学和商学教育领域做出相应的改变，故选B。
40. fairness and cooperation是社会偏好，都是褒义词，这里generosity最符合文意，而且文章第一句就提到了这个词，故选D。
41. in terms of 在…..方面，in terms of width表示“就宽度而言”，符合文意，故选B。
42. be concerned about 关心，意为社会学和心理学强调人们如何去关心他人，而不仅仅是自己，选A。
43. Furthermore此外，根据文意可知，这里需要一个并列连词，故选C。
44. 这里的意思是为了解决上述问题，我们应该重新定义“自我利益”的原则，让人们正确地理解它，选B。
45. 意为只有重新定义“自我利益”原则 之后，著名的经济学家和心理学家Amartya Sen的预言才会得以实现，符合文意，故选D。
Section B （14%）
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
（A）
What taxi services can a tourist to Singapore have according to the passage?
a.specially-tailored tours around Singapore
b.transfers between the terminals at the airport
c.personalized tours beyond Singapore
d.transfers between the airport and the city
e.hourly private Singapore taxi service
f.airport & city goods delivery
A. a, d, e B. a, b, f C.b, c, e D. c, d, f
47.If a tourist goes to the airport in a MaxiCab at 5 a.m. and pays by credit card, he/she has to pay______.s
A. $47 B.$51.7 C.$55 D.$38.5
48.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. A MaxiCab driver can stop on the way on request with extra change
B. The cabby tour can show you around Singapore in the night time
C. A MaxiCab taxi tourist guide isn’t allowed to add scenic spots en-route
D. Specially-trained taxi drivers operate various tours around Singapore
【答案】46-48 ABC
【解析】46. a.specially-tailored tours特别定制的观光游览与图片中的personalized tour相符合, d图片的开头就有提及comfortable airport&city transfers, e在图片横线处第二行有提到hourly service。故选A
根据图片的信息，midnight to 6 a.m.需要额外多付$12，而根据第三条用credit card付费需要多付总额10%的手续费。（35+12）*10%=4.7, 35+12+4.7=51.7, 选B
根据图片左下部分第四个√Extension of additional attractions and restaurant upon request，答案选C
(B)
Until 1964 most forms of gambling were illegal in the United States. Since then, however, more and more stales have legalized gambling in order to raise income. The U. S. gambling industry has gone from an attitude of “prohibition” to one of “promotion”, as all but five states have now legalized gambling as a solution to their depressed economies.
Most states in the United States now depend on incomes from state lotteries (博彩)and use them for good causes, such as improving public education, maintaining slate parks, and developing environmental programs.
State governments maintain that the voluntary contribution of funds through state lotteries is preferable to increase state sales or income taxes, and the residents of states using the lottery system tend to support this. The gaming industry has also benefited some of the nation's poorest citizens: Native Americans. The U. S. government ruled in 1988 that slates could not tax the revenues earned by gambling on Native American reservations. Having taken advantage of this ruling an open cosmos (赌场)on their reservations, many Native Americans moved from a life of poverty to a life of wealth.
Although there are many advantages to legalized gambling, there has also been a good deal of criticism of state-supported gambling. As states increase their support of state lotteries, they seem to encourage commercial gambling in all its forms. About 50 percent of the U. S. population plays the lottery, according to a study by the University of Chicago. This trend has led to an increase in habitual gambling. More than 5 million Americans suffer from gambling addiction. Those most at risk of becoming addicted include the poor, young people between twelve and eighteen years old, and women over the age of fifty, who are looking for some entertainment. As a result, many of them will end up in prison or even homeless. The promise of winning big fortune has created big problems.
Perhaps the most important concern is the moral issue of legalized gambling. The lottery is the only form of gambling that is essentially a government control. Critics ask whether gambling is a proper function of government. Should the government be the spokesman for the expansion of gambling? Critics say state advertising of lotto emphasizes luck over hard work, instant happiness over careful planning and entertainment over savings. The traditional work ethic (道德准则) is being devalued by the pipedream of striking it rich, and this is sending confusing messages to young people.
In 1996, Congress created a commission to conduct a legal study of the social and economic impacts of gambling in the United States. After two years of study, the Commission recommended an end to the expansion of legalized gambling and a ban on Internet gambling. Some feel this will severely hurt the gambling industry. Others fear that it is not enough and are asking the government to take a tough stand against gambling.
49.According to the passage, we know that _______ .
A. the economical problems led to the rise of gambling industry in the USA
B. any forms of gambling were banned before 1964 in the USA
C.all American stales have legalized gambling since 1964
D.only five states have now legalized gambling because of the depressed economies
50.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. State lottery system helps to raise money to improve people's public welfare.
B. Gambling industry helps to change the American way of life.
C. Gambling industry helps to improve the life of some poor Native Americans.
D. State lottery system helps to increase state sales or income taxes.
51.What is the author most concerned about?
A.The expanding of the gambling industry.
B.The suffering of the gambling-addicted people.
C.The moral problems brought about by the legalized gambling.
D.The disadvantage of Internet gambling.
52. In Paragraph 5, the word “pipedream" means _________ .
A. wonderful idea
B. creative idea
C. practical plan
D. unworkable plan
【答案】49.A 50.B 51.C 52.D
【分析】
49.第三段说明了赌博业对于经济的正面作用，选A。
50.全文并未提及American way of life，即美国生活方式，其他选项在文中均有体现，选B。
51.第五段首句Perhaps the most important concern is the moral issue of legalized gambling 以及文章开头与结尾关于赌博合法化的讨论，表明作者的关注点。
52.根据后文的sending confusing messages to young people, 此处应该选择一个贬义词，选择D。
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
The Science of Risk-Seeking
Sometimes We decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking. （53） Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.
The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. （54） As the quality of Risk-taking was passed from on ration to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.
So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one Killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. （55） No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your Willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world. To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.
（56） For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.
As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.
【答案】AB/B/A/D
【解析】
53.本题考查了对上下文的把握以及连贯性的把握。根据前一句“Sometimes We decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking”可知，每个人对风险承担和回报的评估标准不同。
54.本题考查了前后文的照应能力。根据前一句“The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. ”可知，风险承担能力决定生存。
55.本题考查了因果关系的推理能力。根据前一句“So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. ”可知，喜欢冒险还是不喜欢取决于性格。
56.本题考查了对时间状语从句的理解。根据前一句“No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your Willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years ”可知，随着年龄增长，离开小家出社会，风险承担能力随之增长。
第Ⅱ卷
I.Grammar and Vocabulary
When 19-year-old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish Foundation, nobody understood what she was talking about. But Sophia knew just how important Make-A-Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of (1) best friends. We were interested in finding out more, so we went along to meet Sophia and listen to what she had to say.
Sophia told us that Make-A-Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980. “It’s a charity that helps children who have got very serious illnesses. Make-A-Wish helps children feel happy (2) they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true,” Sophia explained .
We asked Sophia (3) Make-A-Wish had first started.She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris, who had been dreaming for a long time (4) becoming a policeman. Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way (5) Chris’s dream come true — so, with everybody’s help, Chris, only seven years old at the time, (6) a “policeman” for a day. “When people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too, and that was the beginning of Make-A-Wish,” explained Sophia.
Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time. A Make-A-Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world.Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this (7) by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in (8) way they can.
【答案】
1. her 2. even if 3. how 4. of 5. to make 6. had been 7. either 8. whatever
【分析】
1.本题考察代词。根据上文可知，这句话在表达为什么Sophia要帮助这个组织，因为这个组织曾经帮助过她的朋友实现梦想。
2.本题考察连词。本空后面的they指代前文的Children，所以这两句话之间是转折关系。
3.本题考察连词，为宾语从句。根据下文的回答可知，这是在回答Make-A-Wish这个组织是如何开始的，故用how。
4.本题考察介词。for a long time是状语，可先忽略不看，那么这里应该是接be dream of sth。
5.本题考察非谓语。做way的补语，故用不定时表目的。
6.本题考察时态语态。for+一段时间用完成时，且文章是在描述过去发生的事，故用过去完成时。
7.本题考察代词。根据下文可知，是通过两种方式来帮助别人实现梦想，故用either... or....。
8.本题考察连词。这里表示无论用什么他们能做到的方式，故用whatever。
II.Translation
Directions:Translate the following sentence into English,using the words or phrases given in the brackets.
1.冒不必要的险是毫无意义的。（point）
【答案】There is no point risking unnecessarily.
2.老实说，你认为谁应该对这次失败承担责任呢？（blame）
【答案】To be honest who do you think is to blame for this failure?
3.这位意志坚定的母亲通过努力设法成功的帮助她的聋哑儿子学会开口说话。（manage）
【答案】The strong-willed mother managed to help her deaf son learn to speak after many efforts.
4.一进学校，她就意外得知一所知名大学录取了她。（No sooner）
【答案】No sooner had she enter the school did she know that she was admitted into a famous university unexpectedly.
5.尽管共享单车有很多显而易见的优点，但是它也有它不可避免的问题。（despite）
【答案】Despite many obvious advantages of shared bicycles it still has its inevitable problems.
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