2020届高三英语专项练习专题五：完形填空议论,说明类专练
第I卷（选择题）（每题1.5分，共90分）
一．完形填空
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A（考点21中难）
Do you ever feel like you are studying a mad rush of one subject after another? When things happen at such a 1 pace, it is easy to lose sight of what you are learning. It is important to 2 every now and then to think about what you’ve been learning.
Self reflection means stopping the mad rush and 3 yourself so your brain can evaluate what it has already 4 . Some people prefer to do their self reflections 5 ,while others keep a journal. Either method can work, depending on what your own personal 6 is.
School textbooks are often divided into units. This can make it 7 for someone to begin the process of self reflection. Watch for the times when you complete a unit of study. Sometimes you are reminded that the unit is 8 because there is some kind of test or quiz. Use these natural 9 as opportunities to stop and reflect.
You should find a 10 place- anywhere without noise is OK. This can even be sitting at your desk at school when you finish something 11 and the other students are still working. If you are going to take notes, take out your journal. Write down some notes on things that you 12 learned in this unit. Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some 13 .
Sometimes just pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections 14 new information can quickly appear when you 15 it again. Next, think about things you still wonder about. 16 maybe you learned about a certain body system, but you don’t 17 how it works with the other body system. Maybe you learned a new way to solve a math problem, but you’re not sure when to use it. Writing down your 18 will help you remember to continue seeking answers the next time you 19 the same topic.
Self reflection is an essential skill for a 20 student. If you have never taken the time to reflect, try it now.
1.A.steady B.fast C.relaxing D.unique
2.A.change B.check C.stop D.exercise
3.A.calming B.enjoying C.behaving D.helping
4.A.dealt B.forgotten C.found D.received
5.A.personally B.mentally C.slowly D.directly
6.A.pace B.grade C.skill D.style
7.A.quick B.necessary C.easy D.hard
8.A.finished B.divided C.interrupted D.covered
9.A.breaks B.tests C.units D.periods
10.A.safe B.familiar C.quiet D.comfortable
11.A.correctly B.finally C.early D.independently
12.A.actively B.newly C.rapidly D.carefully
13.A.choices B.decisions C.connections D.improvements
14.A.in case B.so that C.even if D.as though
15.A.seek B.share C.show D.need
16.A.In general B.Of course C.For example D.As usual
17.A.know B.doubt C.believe D.remember
18.A.opinions B.methods C.worries D.questions
19.A.come across B.get through C.think of D.take away
20.A.talented B.successful C.serious D.young
B（考点21中难）
As human beings, we are alike in many ways. Yet 1 our similarities, no two people are exactly the same. Even identical twins 2 different life experiences. Just because of these 3 , the “one size fits all” solution will rarely be the most 4 answer to our problems.
One of my life 5 is to find what works for me best, and forget the rest. Just that something works well for someone else, doesn’t 6 mean that it will work well for me too. I have found that I am successful when I 7 any new method or strategy I learned to my 8 situation.
A perfect example of why it's best to find what works for you is when it 9 to trying to pick a diet and an exercise plan. There are 10 diet plans and exercise programs out there to 11 from, and it can be quite overwhelming(令人不知所措的). When choosing a diet plan you have to consider food allergies, how 12 the food is if you are away from home most of the time, and many other 13 . When choosing an exercise program you have to consider your starting level of fitness, and health issues that might 14 your ability to do the program, and whether you actually enjoy the exercise enough to 15 with it. Many people like jogging, but it is probably my least 16 form of exercise. By finding more suitable and enjoyable 17 that give me the same 18 or better,it is easier to stick with my exercise program.
You 19 yourself better than anyone, so don't be afraid to experiment with different solutions to whatever you are trying to achieve. Don’t 20 use something because it is "the best", or because it works well for someone else. Find what works best for you, and forget the rest.
1.A.beyond B.above C.despite D.through
2.A.come up with B.put up with C.go on with D.end up with
3.A.differences B.similarities C.experiences D.characters
4.A.technical B.practical C.physical D.medical
5.A.solutions B.experiences C.emotions D.principles
6.A.unfortunately B.eventually C.necessarily D.immediately
7.A.refuse B.adopt C.examine D.discover
8.A.personal B.natural C.musical D.political
9.A.adds B.comes C.leads D.contributes
10.A.various B.unique C.boring D.colorful
11.A.take B.obtain C.choose D.learn
12.A.comfortable B.portable C.changeable D.reasonable
13.A.factors B.facts C.problems D.programs
14.A.improve B.adapt C.affect D.promote
15.A.chat B.communicate C.agree D.stick
16.A.favorite B.harmful C.difficult D.expensive
17.A.challenges B.alternatives C.diets D.experiments
18.A.grades B.results C.marks D.signs
19.A.observe B.express C.teach D.know
20.A.just B.still C.yet D.already
C（考点21中难）
The media has a great effect on us in our daily life. Believe it or not. I will tell you a true story of my own.
Last evening I was watching the evening news on television. The news was about a prize for scientific 1 ; I forgot what it was. The announcer,whose name was Ralph Story, said something that caught my 2 . “All great discoveries,”he said,"are made by people between the ages of twenty-five and thirty. ” 3 a little over thirty myself, I wanted to disagree with him. 4 wants to think that he is past the age of making any discovery. The next day I happened to be in the public library and spent several hours looking up the 5 of famous people and their discoveries. Ralph was right.
First I looked at some of the 6 discoveries. One of the earliest discoveries, the famous experiment that proved that bodies of different 7 fall at the same speed, was made by Galileo when he was 26. Madam Curie started her research that 8 to a Nobel Prize when she was-28.
Einstein was 26 when he published his world-changing theory of relativity. Well, 9 of that. Yet I 10 ,if those “best years” were true in other 11 . How about the field of 12 ? Surely it needed the wisdom of age to make a good leader. Perhaps it 13 ,but look when these people 14 their career. Winston Churchill was elected to the House of Commons at the age of 26. Abraham Lincoln 15 the life of a country lawyer and was elected to the government at what age? Twenty-six.
But why 16 the best years come after thirty? After thirty, I 17 ,most people do not want to take risks or try 18 ways. Then I thought of people like Shakespeare and Picasso. The former was writing wonderful works at the ripe age of fifty. while the latter was 19 trying new ways of painting when he was ninety!
Perhaps there is still 20 for me.
1.A.invention B.discovery C.experiment D.progress
2.A.mind B.idea C.attention D.thought
3.A.As B.Being C.However D.Beyond
4.A.Everybody B.Somebody C.Nobody D.Whoever
5.A.names B.ages C.addresses D.education
6.A.pleasant B.scientific C.last D.oldest
7.A.heights B.sizes C.weights D.things
8.A.led B.meant C.stuck D.referred
9.A.plenty B.none C.much D.enough
10.A.believed B.trusted C.wondered D.asked
11.A.fields B.countries C.courses D.ages
12.A.agriculture B.society C.industry D.politics
13.A.is B.will C.has D.does
14.A.finished B.went C.started D.failed
15.A.devoted B.gave up C.began D.led
16.A.don’t B.the C.can D.not
17.A.believe B.know C.guess D.agree
18.A.other B.new C.best D.their
19.A.always B.still C.seldom D.enjoying
20.A.discovery B.problem C.wish D.hope
第II卷（非选择题）（每题1.5分，共60分）
语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（1）
He met his wife at a party. At that time she was so outstanding while he was so normal .At the end of the party, he invited her to have coffee ①__________（考点03）him. She was surprised but in order to be polite, she agreed. He was too nervous ②__________ (say) anything . As a result, she felt so ③__________ 考点06 (comfortable) that she wanted to go home . Suddenly he asked the waiter, “Would you please give me some salt? I’d like to put ④__________ 考点02 in my coffee.” Everybody stared at him. It was so strange! His face turned red, yet still he put the salt in his coffee and ⑤__________考点09 (drink) it . She asked him curiously, “ Why do you have this hobby?” He replied, “When I was a little boy, I lived near the sea. I liked playing in the sea, and I could feel the taste of the sea, just like the taste of the ⑥__________考点 06 (salt) coffee.” She was deeply touched because she thought a man ⑦__________考点10 could tell out his homesickness must be a man who loves his family. After 40 years, he passed away, ⑧__________考点08 (leave) her a letter which said, “My dearest, please forgive me, forgive my whole life lie. That was ⑨__________考点01 only lie I said to you ---the coffee with salt. Remember the first time we dated? I was so nervous at that time. Actually I wanted some sugar, ⑩__________考点12 I said salt.”
（2）
China, which takes pride in four inventions in ancient times, has once again shown its ability ①__________考点08 (change) the world with its “new” four great inventions: high-speed railways, electronic payment, shared bicycles and online shopping.
Recently, the “new” four great inventions ②__________考点09 (improve) the quality of people’s lives. Thanks to online shopping and mobile payment, people can buy what they want ③__________(simple) with a tap of the phone within doors. High-speed trains have shortened ④__________ 考点01 journey from Beijing to the coastal city Tianjin to half an hour. As for the bikes, they themselves are not new. It is the operating model of bike-sharing ⑤__________考点08 (base) on satellite navigation(导航)system, mobile payment as well as big data ⑥__________考点14 has surprised the world. Shared bicycles are bringing cycling back ⑦__________考点03 people’s lives and they are making public transport more ⑧__________考点06 (attract).
It is increasingly clear that China is no longer ⑨__________考点09 (copy) western ideas and is leading in many new ways. A growing number of foreign ⑩__________考点04 (company) hope to promote the development in their home country by highlighting the need for technological achievements like that of China.
（3）
How do learning habits influence learning results? It's useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. There is a famous①__________考点04 (say) “Good habits lead to good endings”, which shows the importance of habits.
“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” also ②__________考点09 (show) a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body. Thus, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results, high scores and abundant knowledge③__________考点08 (include). At first, learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitude ④__________考点03 the content of our learning. ⑤__________考点06 (obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. As we can see, developing a good habit is so important that I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habits --- keeping ⑥__________考点01 learning diary every day. We can start the habit by ⑦__________考点08 (write) a learning summary and remember to record something impressive and meaningful. Keep it in mind, ⑧__________考点12 gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.
What's ⑨__________考点06 (much), I find out that I still have some bad learning habits ⑩__________well. I can only concentrate on reading for a short time, and I will conquer this problem by spending more efforts on concentration practice.
I believe that through my efforts, I can gain good learning results by having good habits.
（4）
All of us know the old saying “Practice ①__________考点09 (make)perfect.” It tells us if we want to realize our aim, we should practice and one day we will make ②__________.考点02 It’s easy to understand. Once I wanted to learn swimming. ③__________考点03 first I found it difficult to control my body. I just ④__________考点09 (sink) into the water. I felt very frightened. Then I watched others who⑤__________考点09 (be) good at it and asked them the key to ⑥__________考点04 (succeed). I went to the swimming pool every day, learned from them and practiced. One day, when my friend pushed me ⑦__________考点03 the swimming poo1, I ⑧__________考点06 (sudden) found that I could swim. ⑨__________考点14 excited I was! Now I can swim much ⑩__________考点 06 (good) than before.
参考答案
一、完形填空
A、答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.A; 4.D; 5.B; 6.D; 7.C; 8.A; 9.A; 10.C; 11.C; 12.B; 13.C; 14.B; 15.D; 16.C; 17.A; 18.D; 19.A; 20.B
解析：1.根据上句中的a mad rush可知,事情都是以如此“快的”速度发生的。fast意为“快的”,符合语境。steady意为“稳定的”;relaxing意为“令人放松的”;unique意为“独特的"。
2.根据设空处后的to think about what you’ve been learning 和第三段最后一句中的to stop and reflect可知,时不时地“停下来”思考已经学到的东西很重要。stop意为“停下来”,符合语境。change意为“改变”;check意为“核查”;exercise意为“锻炼”。
3.根据设空处前的stopping the mad rush和常识可知,反省就是要停止疯狂的冲刺,“静下心来”好好思考和评估自己。calm意为“使平静”,符合语境。enjoy意为“喜欢”;behave意为“表现”;help意为“帮助”。
4.根据设空处前的evaluate what it has already和上文的to think about what you’ve been learning可知,此处是说大脑可以评估它已经“收到”的那些(信息)。receive意为"收到",符合语境。deal意为“发(牌)”;forget意为“忘记”;find意为“发现”。
5.根据下文的while others keep a journal和设空处前的 their self-reflection可知,有些人喜欢用脑子反省, 而一些人喜欢记日记。日记为实物,与此相对的应为精神上的内容及方式。mentally意为“精神上”,符合语境。personally意为“亲自地”; slowly意为“慢慢地”;directly意为“直接地”。
6.根据设空处前的“Either method can work, depending on what your own personal...”可知,作者介绍的以上两种方会都可以, 取决于你的个人“风格”。style意为“风格”,符合语境a。pace意为“步伐”;grade意为“等级” ;skill意为“技能”。
7.根据上一句 “ School textbooks are often divided into units.”可知,学校教材常被分成若干个单元,这让人们“容易”去反省。 easy意为“容易的”,符合语境。quick意为“快速的"; necessary意为“必需的”;hard意为“艰难的”。
8..根据上句中的complete a unit of study可知,提醒的应该是单元已经“完成”。finish意为“完成”,符合语境。divide意为 “(把 )分成(若干部分)” ;interrupt意为“打断”;cover意为”覆盖”。
9.根据上句中的 there are some kinds of tests or quizzes 和设空处后的to stop and reflect可知,学完一个单元后要进行测试,这是然的“中断”,此时可以停下来反省一下。break意为“中断”,符合语境。test意为“测试”;unit意为“单元”;period意为“阶段;时期”。
10.根据设空处后的without noise is OK可知,此处指要找一个没有噪音的地方。quiet意为“安静的”,符合语境。safe意为“安全的”;familiar意熟悉的”;comfortable意为“舒适的”。
11.根据设空处后的the other students are still working 可知,此处指把事情“提早”完成了。early意为“提早”,符合语境。correctly 意为“正确地”;finally 意为“最后”;independently 意为“独立地”。
12.根据设空处后的learned in this unit和常识知,在这个单元所学到的并写在笔记上的显然是“新”学的知识。newly 意为“新地”,符合语境。actively意为“积极地”;rapidly意为“快速地”;carefully意为“细心地”。
13.根据设空处前的Let your mind think about the notes you have written和常识可知,作者建议思考一下已经记好的笔记,是为了建立它们之间的“联系”。意为“联系”,符合语境。choice意为“选择”;decision意为“决定”;improvement意为 “提高”。
14.根据设空处前的 think deeply allows your brain to make connections可知,允许人脑建立联系的结果就是新信息在用到时会很快出现。so that表示因果关系,符合语境。in case意为“万一”;even if意为“即使”;as though意为“似乎”。
15.根据设空处前的can quickly appear和常识可知,当你“需要”新信息时,它就会很快出现。need意为“需要”,符合语境。seek意为“寻找”;share意为“分享";show意为“表明”。
16.根据上句“Next, think about things that you still wonder about. ”和设空处后的maybe you learned about以及下文中的Maybe you learned a new way to可知,接下来要考虑一下你仍存疑的事情,后面的两种可能为具化说明,所以此处为作者的举例说明。故选C项。
17.根据上句的wonder aboul和设空处前的you don’t以及空后的 how it works with the other body systems 可知,你不“知道” 它如何与其他体系一起运作。know意为“知道”,符合语境。 doubt意为“怀疑”;believe意为“相信”;remember意为“记住”。
18.根据设空处后的continue seeking answers可知,写下来的是“问题”,所以有助于你继续寻找答案。question意为“问题”,符合语境。 opinion意为“意见”;method意为“方法”;worry意为“担心”。
19.根据the next time you和the same topic可知,此处指下次“遇到”这个相同的话题时。come across意为“偶遇”,符合语境。get through意为“完成(工作)” ;think of意为“想起”;take away意为“拿走”。
20.根据设空处前的Self-reflection is an essential skill for和常识可知,“成功的”学生都具备反省的能力,对他们来说这是基本的能力。successful意为“成功的”,符合语境。talented意为"有才能的”;serious意为“严肃的”;young意为“年轻的”。
B、答案及解析：
答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.A; 4.B; 5.D; 6.C; 7.B; 8.A; 9.B; 10.A; 11.C; 12.B; 13.A; 14.C; 15.D; 16.A; 17.B; 18.B; 19.D; 20.A
解析：1.根据语境可推知,此处应指尽管我们有相同点,但没有完全一样的两个人。此处与前文应为转折关系,另外,下句中的identical twins和different也是提示。despite意为“尽管”,符合语境。beyond意为“超出” ;above意为“在......之上”;through意为“穿过"。
2.由上下文语境及常识可知,即使是同卵双胞胎,最终也会有不同的生活经历。 end up with意为“最终处于”,符合语境。 come up with 意为“想出,想到”;put up with 意为“忍受”;go on with 意为“继续做”。
3.上文一直在讲不同点,此处为归纳总结,表示由于这些不同点,一刀切的方法不能解决问题。difference意为“不同",符合语境。 similarity意为“相似点”; experience意为"经历”;character 意为“人物;性格”。
4.根据上文语境及选项可推知,此处应表示,由于这些不同点,一刀切的方法不会是解决我们的问题的最实用的方法。 practical意为“切实可行的”,符合语境。technical意为“技术的”; physical意为“身体的”;medical意为“医学的”。
5.根据下文语境可推知,找出对自己最有效的方法,忘掉其余的,这是作者的一个生活准则。principle意为“原则”,符合语境。solution意为“解决方法”;experience意为“经历”;emotion意为“情感”。
6.根据 works well for someone else 与 doesn’t __________ mean that it will work well for me too的对比可知,此处表示对別人有效的东西未必对“我”也有效。not necessarily意为“不一定;未必”,符合语境。unfortunately意为“不幸地”; eventually意为“最终”;immediately 意为“立即”。
7.根据上下文可知,适合自己的才是最好的,此处指作者采用新方法或策略来解决问题。adopl意为“采纳”,符合语境。refuse意为“拒绝” examine意为“检查”;discover意为“发现”。
8.根据语境可知,此处应表示作者运用新学到的方法和策略来解决自己的个人问题。personal意为“个人的”,符合语境。natural意为“天然的”;musical意为“音乐的”;political意为“政治的”。
9.此处举例说明为什么找到适合自己的方法才是最好的。“when it comes to doing sth. ”为固定搭配,意为“当涉及做某事时,在某方面”,故comes符合语境。add to意为“增加”;lead to意为“导致”;contribute to意为“贡献”。
10.根据语境及空后的out there to __________ from可知,此处指可选择的饮食和锻炼方案也会有很多种。various意为“各种各样的”,符合语境。unique意为“独一无二的”;boring意为“无聊的”;colorful意为“丰富多彩的"。
11.句意为:可选择的饮食计划和锻炼项目有很多种,这会非常让人不知所措。根据上文中的“it’s best to find ... an exercise plan”可知,此处指有各种各样的饮食计划和锻炼项目可供选择。choose意为“选择”,符合语。故选C项。
12.由空后的 if you are away from home most of the time 可知,此处指当你要选择饮食计划时,要考虑当大部分时间都不在家的情况下饮食的便携性问题。portable意为“便于携带的”,符合语境。comfortable意为“舒服的”;changeable意为“多变的”; reasonable意为“有道理的”。
13.根据语境可知,除了考虑食物的过敏性和便携性之外,还需要考虑很多其他的因素。factor意为“因素”,符合语境。fact意为“事实”;problem意为“问题”;program意为“节目”。
14.根据语境可推知,在选择锻炼的项目时,你需要考虑可能影响你做这个项目的能力的起始身体状况以及健康因素。 affect意为“影响”,符合语境。 improve意为“改善;提升”;adapt 意为“(使)适应”;promote意为“提升”。
15.根据语境可推知,此处应表示还要考虑你是否足够喜欢这项运动,以便能坚持下去。stick with意为"继续做,坚持”,符合语境。chat with...意为“和......聊天”;communicate with…意为“与......交流”;agree with意为“同意”。
16.根据空前的like,but以及least可知,此处指作者最不喜欢的运动方式。favorite意为“最喜欢的”,符合语境。harmful 意为“有害的”;difficult意为“困难的”;expensive意为“昂贵的”。
17.根据语境可知,作者不喜欢慢跑这项运动,故要找出其他更适合的、更喜欢的运动形式来替代慢跑。 alternative意为“可供选择的事物”,符合语境,challenge意为“挑战”;diet意为“饮食”;experiment意为“实验”。
18.根据上文可推知,选择更适合、更喜欢的替代运动是希望达到(和慢跑)一样的结果。result意为“结果”,符合语境。 grade意为“等级”;mark意为“分数” ;sign意为“迹象”。
19.根据常识及语境可知,此处表达你比任何人都更了解你自己。know意为“了解,知道”,符合语境。observe意为“观察”;express意为“表达”;teach意为“教”。
20.句意为:不要只是因为某些东西最好就用它……just意为“仅仅,只是”,符合语境。still意为“仍然”;yet意为“还,然而”;already意为“已经”。
C、答案及解析：
答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.B; 4.C; 5.B; 6.B; 7.C; 8.A; 9.D; 10.C; 11.A; 12.D; 13.D; 14.C; 15.B; 16.A; 17.C; 18.B; 19.B; 20.D
解析：1.考查对下文的理解。单看此空,四个选项均可。但从下文的All great discoveries…可知B为正确答案。
2.考查习惯搭配。catch one’s attention意为“引起某人注意”。这正符合文章的意思,以至于作者在图书馆查找有关的信息,说明这条新闻引起了作者的注意。
3.考查对句型结构的理解。这里用动名词形式作原因状语,相当于"Because I was."
4.考查常识和推理。前文新闻中说到25〜30岁是发明创造的年龄,但作者不同意。当然是没有人愿意认为自己超过了发明创造的年龄,这是人之常情。
5.考查对上文的理解。作者不同意新闻中提到的年龄界限,当然是去查人们的年龄了。从下文也可得到印证。
6.考查对上文的理解。从第一个空可推断出。
7.此句指的是伽利略做的两个物体同时落地的著名实验。当然是指不同重量的物体了。
8.考查习惯搭配的区别。lead to意为“通向,导致”; mean to意为“打算”;stick to意为“坚持”;refer to意为“谈论,提及”。根据句意只有led符合语境。
9.考査逻辑判断。从文章来看作者已经举了不少例子来说明发明创造的最佳年龄了,即“足够说明问题了”,从下一句也可看出,不再继续举例了。
10.从空格后的if (是否)可知应选择带有疑问语气的动词,可排除A、B两项。比较C、D,显然C项是正确答案。
11.考查逻辑理解。从此句中的Yet得知语气已经转折。前面讲在科学方面发明创造的年龄在25〜30岁是最佳的,下文就论述其他领域的情况了,当然是other fields,从12空前的叙述也可推知答案。
12.考查常识理解。下文讲的都是政治家,故只能指政治领域方面。
13.考查语境理解。这一空格指代的内容为前一句,用does代替,这里指一般情况。
14.考查句意理解。从下文的丘吉尔26岁进入下议院知应是“开始”他们的政治生涯。再以林肯为例,进一步说明这些人开始他们政治生涯的年龄。
15.考查逻辑推断。这是一个and连接的并列谓语的句子,显然前后两种职务是不能兼职的,即指林肯gave up 律师职业,进人政界。
16.考査对句型结构的理解。根据句子结构知只有 A、C项可在这里构成特殊疑问句,再结合上文意思知只有 A项正确。
17.考査对语境的理解。空格显然是一插人语,各项均可,但从意思上看,只有I guess即丨think最适当,因为这里只是发表作者个人的感慨而已。
18.考查常识和推理判断。众所周知,要出成果,必须要有所创新。这里take risks与try new ways是平行的,而且19空后的内容也有暗示。
19.考查对语境的理解。意指毕加索90岁仍在尝试新的绘画方式。
20.考查对词义和句意的理解。结合全文内容知作者认为自己过了 25〜30岁这一发明创造的最佳年龄了,有些悲观。但从莎士比亚和毕加索在30岁之后还出成绩来看,作者感觉到还是有“希望”的。wish多作“愿望”讲,不合文意。
二、语法填空
（1）答案：with; to say; uncomfortable ; it; drank; salty; who/that ; leaving; the; but
解析：本文是一则感人的爱情小故事。
1. 考査介词。根据语境“他邀请她和他一起喝咖啡”可知,应该用with表示“和……一起”。
2. 考查固定用法。too... to...表示“太……而不能……”。
3. 考査词形转换。根据语境,他什么都不说,所以她觉得不自在,想回家。
4. 考査代词。这里需要用代词代替上文的salt。
5. 考查时态。根据上下文的内容可知,该事发生在过去,故此处应该用一般过去时。
6. 考査词形转换。根据空前的"the"和空后的 "coffee"可知,这里应用形容词salty,表示“咸味的咖啡”。
7. 考査定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词a man,同时在从句中作主语,故用关系代词 who/that。
8. 考査非谓语动词。这里需要用现在分词短语作伴随状语,故填leaving。
9. 考査冠词。"the only lie"表示“唯一的谎言”,是特指,故用定冠词。
10. 考查连词。根据语境可知,前后分句表示转折关系,故用表示转折的连词but。
（2）答案：to change; have improved; simply; the; based; that; to; attractive; copying; companies
解析：
中国古代有伟大的四大发明,改变了世界。现在中国“新的四大发明”也正在改变着世界。这新的四大发明是什么呢?
1. to change考查非谓语动词。此处表示“中国再次显示了自己改变世界的能力”,不定式作定语,the ability to do sth.做某事的能力。
2. have improved考査动词时态句意:近来,“新的四大发明”已经改善了人们的生活质量根据语境和时间状语Recently可知应该用现在完成时,因为主语是复数形式,所以答案为have improved。
3. simply考査词性转换。此处表示“人们仅仅在家里敲击一下手机, 就能买到他们想要的东西”。设空处应该用副词修饰后面的with a tap...
4. the考查冠词。句意:高铁把从北京到沿海城市天津的车程缩短到了半个小时。定冠词the表示特指,此处特指“从北京到天津的车程”。
5. based考査非谓语动词。此处表示“建立在卫星导航系统、电子支付和大数据基础上的共享单车的运作模式”。设空处是非谓语动词作定语,根据固定搭配be based on可知答案为based。be based on建立在……基础上。
6. that考查特殊句式:分析句子结构可知,此处是强调句式,即"It is+ 被强调部分+that...",所以答案为that。
7. to考查介词:此处表示“共享单车正在把骑自行车带回到人们的生活中”。bring...back to把...带回到...
8.attractive考查词性转换它们使公共交通更有吸引力。此处为 “make+宾语+宾补”结构,意为“使某物……”。设空处应该用形容词作宾补。
9. copying考查动词时态。句意:越来越明显,中国不再照搬西方的想法,而且在很多方面取得领先。根据语境和句子结构可知要用现在进行时,故填copying。
10. companies 考査名词单复数.根据空格前的修饰同A growing number of (越来越多的)可知空格处的名词应该用其复数形式。
（3）答案：saying ; shows ; included ; to/towards; Obviously ; a; writing ; and ; more ; as
（4）答案： makes ; it; At ; sank ; were ; success ; into; suddenly ; How ; better
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