2020届高三英语专项练习专题十：短文改错记叙类专练
短文改错（每题1分，共40分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
A（考点27易）
One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on考点03 a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks 考点08 at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where考点11 his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun 考点09 to cry. A woman saw him crying and telling考点05 him to wait outside a考点01 shop. Five minutes later,Tony saw考点02 parents. Mom said, "How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible 考点06 worried." Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
B（考点27易）
The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take考点08 a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but考点12 there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about 考点01 world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your考点02 view and gain knowledges考点04 we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought 考点09 that it is a good idea. It does not cost many考点02, yet we can still learn a lot.
C（考点27中难）
Last night, I had a strange but interesting dream. On the way back to考点06 home, I came across a child from another planet. His clothes seem考点09 to be shining and looked beautiful. As I got closely考点06 to him, he looked frightened and turned his back to me. Though I couldn’t speak her考点02 language, I used hand gestures to talk about 考点03 him. A while later, he told me lots of amazing thing考点04 on his planet, which made me laugh. But all of sudden, he began to cry, and then he explained he had lost his way but考点12 couldn’t find his home. Seen考点08 that, I offered to help him. His family had a telephone number like ours, so I asked him to call his parents using my phone. Soon before考点13 making the call he disappeared.
D（考点27中难）
On a storm考点06 night, I was alone at home. After finishing my homework, I was about to go to bed. All of sudden, the light went out. Meanwhile, there was a flash of lightning following考点08 by thunderstorms. I was so scared that I ran to my bed but 考点12 hid myself under the blanket. To make matters bad考点06, my parents went to hospital to accompany with my sick grandfather. I felt too frightened because my mind was full of scary thought考点04. After some time passed, I fall考点09 asleep at last. At breakfast I told my parents that考点11 I had seen last night. My parents were also frightened and they promised that they would ever考点06 leave me at home alone.
语法填空（每题1.5分，共60分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（1）
Sports should help a man to learn fairness, not only in games but also in and for life. If two teams play ①__________ 考点01 game, one team must lose. If a dozen teams attend an athletic competition,②__________team will get the most points and all the ③__________eleven teams will get ④__________(few) points. If a school team comes out last, that is no loss of face. ⑤__________ 考点11 that team and that school must do is admit that it ⑥__________(lose). The only intelligent reaction ⑦__________考点08 defeat must be: next year we will do our best to come out on top, because from now on our team will devote⑧__________ 考点02 (it) to a stricter course of training under competent instructors.
Lessons⑨__________考点08 (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. But even more ⑩__________考点06 (value) are the lessons learned in extra—curricular activities in school: in speech, dramatic and musical contests, in “house” activities, and, especially, in the student council.
（2）
In ancient China the kite was known as “Zhiyuan“. ①__________考点06 (original) regarded as a technology, it also featured in many art collections, and was considered to have unique artistic value. It first ②__________考点09 (appear) in the year of the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC—476BC). According to historical records, Mo Zi spent three years ③__________考点08 (construct) a wooden kite that failed after one day’s flight. One book noted that the master carpenter Lu Ban also made some which ④__________考点09 (use) to spy on the situation of the enemy.
Now the basic procedure of making kites remains the same, but ⑤__________考点04 (style) of kite-making vary in different regions. These in the “World Kite Capital” of Weifang in Shandong Province are well known for ⑥__________考点02 (they) craftsmanship, materials, painting, sculpture and flexible flying movement. One of these kites,⑦__________考点10 was over 300 meters long, won first place in the International Kite Festival ⑧__________考点08 (hold) in Italy. It is now housed in the Weifang Kite Museum. Every year, the festival is held there and is expected to draw many fans with a passion for flying kites.
⑨__________ 考点13 you are interested in flying a kite, you should choose a sunny and windy day so you can enjoy the open air, and take care to avoid electric wires and cars. You could make more than one with you and fly them according to the change of wind. And of course, a pair of sunglasses may prove useful in protecting your eyes ⑩__________考点03 bright sunshine.
（3）
The Internet recently raised its eyebrows after Chinese state media claimed that online shopping, high-speed rail, bike sharing and electronic payment systems are China’s “four new great inventions.”
Last week, Xinhua News Agency said the country deserved credit for the discoveries,①__________ 考点08 (compare) them to the inventions of ancient China: compass, gunpowder, paper, and printing.
According to SCMP, the so-called “four new great inventions” were based ②__________考点03 last year’s research conducted by the Silk Road Research Institute. In a survey,China’s foreign students from 20 countries near the “Belt and Road Initiative” ③__________考点09 (ask) to pick China’s “four new inventions” that they wanted their home countries④__________考点08 (use).
Xinhua’s article notes that “Among ⑤__________考点01 four, online shopping was invented and pioneered by Michael Aldrich in the UK in 1979, while the Japanese operated the first modern high-speed rail in 1964.⑥__________考点12 it is Chinese people that bring the inventions to the world’s top level with ⑦__________考点02 (they) intelligence and creativity.”
Despite the origins, in recent years, a number of China’s technological ⑧__________考点04 (advance) have been making their moves in the world. Among them, four stand out with a reputation of China’s “four great new inventions” in modern times,⑨__________考点10 have made the daily life of the public more ⑩__________考点06 (convenience).
（4）
It’s well-known that cultural relics belong ①__________考点03 the human beings rather than individuals.A lot of people try their best to search ②__________考点03 them.Some of the cultural relics ③__________考点09 (damage) while only a few ④__________考点09 (survive).All of us should increase the awareness of protecting our cultural ⑤__________考点04 (relic).In order to avoid this,every one of us should make ⑥__________考点04 (effort) to take action to protect them.There is no doubt ⑦__________考点11 it is our responsibility ⑧__________考点11 (protect) cultural relics,⑨__________考点06 (especial) the young people.If you take the⑩__________考点04 (responsible),you will be happy and proud.It’s high time we should protect our cultural relics.
参考答案
一、短文改错
A、答案： One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his 
. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy 
a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After 
at the toy for some time, he turned around and found 
或where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and 
to cry. A woman saw him crying and 
him to wait outside 
shop. Five minutes later,Tony saw 
parents. Mom said, "How nice to see you again! Dad and I were 
worried." Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
解析：
1.第一句:parent→parents 结合下文的“his parents were missing”可知托尼是和爸爸妈妈一起去购物中心的,因此应用复数形式parents。
2.第三句:on→in结合生活常识可知,这里表示玩具在商店橱窗里摆放着,故应用in。
3.第四句:去掉very这里so... that...引导结果状语从句,表示“如此……以至于……”,因此应去掉very。
4.第五句:looks→looking结合语境可知这里应用动名词作介词After的宾语,故应把looks改为looking。
5.第五句:where→that或者去掉where本句中连词that引导的从句充当动词found的宾语,that不作句子成分只起连接作用,所以也可以省略掉连词that。
6.第六句:begun→began这里提对过去发生的事情进行客观叙述,应用一般过去时,故应把begun改为began。
7.第七句:telling→told此处and连接的是两个并列的动作,在时态上应保持一致,故应把telling改为told。
8.第七句:a→the结合语境可知,同一名词第二次提到应表示特指,故砬把shop前的a改为the。
9.第八句:parents前加his结合语境可知,这里parents并不是表示泛指,而是指托尼的爸爸妈妈,故应在parents前加his。
10.第九句:terrible →terribly 修饰形容词应用副词,故用 terribly。
B、答案： The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about 
to do during the holiday. We can 
between staying at home and 
a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable 
there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about 
world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden 
view and gain 
we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can(or
) go to places of interest nearby. I 
that it is a good idea. It does not cost 
, yet we can still learn a lot.
解析：考察记叙文,“我”和同学们对暑假的旅游计划的讨论。
1、how 改为what 考察特殊结构。“特殊疑问词+to do”在本句中作为短语talk about 的宾语,其中what 还要作为动词do 的逻辑宾语。句意:同学们和我在讨论暑假期间做什么。
2、chose 改为choose 考察句子结构。“情态动词+动词原形”才可以在句中作为谓语部分,而本句中chose是过去式。
3、take改为taking 考查并列结构。本句中动名词短语staying at home与taking a trip构成并列关系,都作为介词between的宾语。
4、but改为and 考查连词。句意:如果我们待在家里,很舒服也没有必要花钱。上下文之间是并列关系,而不是转折关系,所以使用and连接上下文。
5、about后加the 考查定冠词。在英语中定冠词the通常表示特指,本句中the修饰world表示特指这个世界。
6、your改为our 考查代词。应该使用our与本句的主语we保持一致。句意:如果我们出国旅游,我们就拓宽视野并学到书本上学不到的知识。
7、knowledges改为knowledge 考查名词单复数。本句中名词knowledge是不可数名词,没有复数形式。
8、删除can或can改为should 考查虚拟语气。动词suggest作为建议的时候,后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”,所以本句可以删除can或can改为should。
9、thought改为think 考查时态。本文介绍我和同学们商量暑假旅游的事情,全文以一般现在时为主,所以本句使用现在时think。
10、many改为much 考查代词。本句中代词much代替不可数名词much money作为动词cost的宾语,而many通常代替可数名词复数形式。
C、答案：
Last night, I had a strange but interesting dream. On the way back to home, I came across a child from another planet. His clothes 
to be shining and looked beautiful. As I got 
to him, he looked frightened and turned his back to me. Though I couldn’t speak 
language, I used hand gestures to talk 
him. A while later, he told me lots of amazing 
on his planet, which made me laugh. But all of 
sudden, he began to cry, and then he explained he had lost his way 
couldn’t find his home. 
that, I offered to help him. His family had a telephone number like ours, so I asked him to call his parents using my phone. Soon 
making the call he disappeared.
解析：
第一处：删除to【解析】home为副词，其前不能用介词，故删除to。
第二处：seem→seemed【解析】由时间状语Last night可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故将seem改为 seemed 。
第三处：closely→close【解析】get close to…为固定搭配， 意为“接近……”。close在此处为副词，意为“近地”;closely为副词，意为“仔细地；密切地” 。故将closely改为close。
第四处：her→his【解析】此处代词应与上文中的he保持一致，故将her改为his。
第五处:about→with【解析】此处表示与某人谈话，应用介词 with , talk with sb.意为“和某人谈话”，talk about sth.意为 “谈论某事”，故将about改为with。
第六处:thing →things【解析】thing为可数名词，其前有lots of 修饰，应用复数形式。故将thing改为things。
第七处:在of后加a【解析】all of a sudden为固定搭配，意为 “突然”。故在of后加a。
第八处:but→and【解析】前文“他迷路了”和后文“找不到家” 之间为顺承关系，而非转折关系。故将but改为and。
第九处:Seen→Seeing【解析】分析句子结构可知，offered为本句的谓语，且逗号前后无连词，所以see应用其非谓语动词形式，see与其逻辑主语I之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故将Seen改为Seeing。
第十处：before→after【解析】由句意及语境可知，他应是在打电话之后消失了，故将before改为after。
D、答案：
On a 
night, I was alone at home. After finishing my homework, I was about to go to bed. All of 
sudden, the light went out. Meanwhile, there was a flash of lightning 
by thunderstorms. I was so scared that I ran to my bed hid myself under the blanket. To make matters 
, my parents went to hospital to accompany with my sick grandfather. I felt too frightened because my mind was full of scary 
. After some time passed, I 
asleep at last. At breakfast I told my parents 
I had seen last night. My parents were also frightened and they promised that they would 
leave me at home alone.
解析：
第一处：storm→stormy 【解析】考査形容词。修饰名称night应用形容词stormy。
第二处:sudden前加a【解析】考査冠词。all of a sudden为固定短语，意为“突然”。
第三处：following→followed【解析】考査非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处是there be句型，应用follow的非谓语动词形式作定语，修饰a flash of lightning,且 a flash of lightning 和 follow 之间是动宾关系，故应用 过去分词作定语。
第四处:but→and【解析】考查连词。分析语境可知，上文表示的 是“我’’如此害怕以致跑到床上，下文表示的是“我”将自己藏在毯了下面。由此可知前后是并列关系，故用and连接。
第五处:bad→worse【解析】考査比较级。make matters worse为固定短语，意为“使情况更糟糕的是”。
第六处：删掉with【解析】考査及物动词的用法。accompany是及 物动词，后面可直接接宾语，故介词with多余。
第七处:thought→ thoughts【解析】考查名词的单复数。thought 作“想法;看法”讲时是可数名词，应用thought的复数形式和full of 搭配。
第八处：fall→fell【解析】考査时态。通读文章可知，本文讲述的 是一个暴风雨的夜晚，主要使用一般过去时。
第九处:that→what【解析】考査宾语从句。分析句子可知，told my parents后是宾语从句，宾语从句中seen后缺少宾语，故用what引导 宾语从句。
第十处：ever→never【解析】考査副词。句意：我的父母也很害怕，他们答应以后不会再将我一个人留在家里。表示“永不”应用副词never。
二、语法填空
（1）答案：a; one; other; fewer; What; lost; to; itself; learned; valuable
解析：
1. a 考查冠词。泛指一场比赛
2. one考查限定词。one…the other一方……另一方
3. other考查限定词。All the other 指其余的11个代表队
4. fewer考查限定词。与上文的the most points相对,得到较少的分
5. What考查引导词。what引导主语从句,what作do的宾语
6. lost考查动词。一般过去时态,这里是一种假设
7. to考查不定式结构。填小品词to,作后置定语
8. itself考查反身代词。词组devote itself to专心于;itself是our team的反身代词
9. learned考查动词。过去分词做定语修饰lessons
10. valuable考查词类的转换:名词转换为形容词。此句是倒装句,valuable作表语,主语是the lessons.
（2）答案：Originally; appeared; constructing; were used; styles; their; which; held; If; from/against
解析：
在古代,风筝被称为”纸鸢",最初出现在春秋时期。现在各地制作风筝的基本步骤是一样的,但不同地区风筝的制作风格有所不同。山东潍坊的风筝以其工艺、材料、绘画和灵活的飞行动作而闻名。
1. Originally考査副词。句意:最初它被看作是一门技术,也在很多艺术作品中占重要地位,被认为具也独特的艺术价值。空格处修饰动词,应用副词,且位于句首,首字母应大写,故填Originally。
2. appeared考查动词的时态。句意:它最初出现在春秋时期。根据时间状语in the Spring and Autumn Period可知,此处表述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时,故填appeared。
3.constructing考查非谓语动词。句意:据史料记载,墨子曾花三年时间建造了一只在飞行一天后就失败的木制风筝。spend...( in) doing sth.意为"花费 做某事”,为固定搭配,故填constructing。
4. were used考查动时态和语态。句意:有一本书中提到, 木匠大师鲁班也做过一些风筝用来监视敌人的情况。分析句子结构可知,空格处为which引导的定语从句中的谓语,which指代some( kites),为复数,故从句中谓语动词也位用复数形式;且空格处和主语之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态;此处主句为一般过去时,从句也描述过去的情况, 因此也应用一般过去时,故填were used。
5. styles考査名词的数。句意:现在制作风筝的基本步骤是一样的,但不同地区风筝的制作风格有所不同。此处style 意为"特点;风格",为可数名词,且根据谓语动词vary可知,此处应用复数形式,故填styles。
6. their考查代词。句意:"世界风筝之都”——山东潍坊的风筝以其工艺、材料、绘画和灵活的飞行动作而闻名。空格处作名词 craftsmanship, materials, painting and flexible flying movement的定语,应用形容词性物主代词,故填their。
7. which考査定语从句。句意:其中一只长度超过300米的风筝在在意大利举行的国际风筝节上获得了第一名。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,指代One of these kites,指物,且在从句中作主语,故填which。
8. held考查非谓语动词。空格处和句子的谓语动词won之间无连词连接,故应用非谓语动词形式,且空格处与其逻辑主语the International Kite Festival之间为动宾关系,因此应用过去分词作后置定语,故填held。
9. If考査状语从句。句意:如果你对放风筝感兴趣,你应该选择一个阳光灿烂并且有风的日子,这样你就可以享受户外的空气,同时要注意避开电线。根据句意可知,空格处引导条件状语从句,表示"如果",且位于句首,首字母应大写,故填If。
10. from/against考査介词。句意:当然,一副太阳镜是很有用的,它可以保护你的眼睛免受阳光的照射。protect...from/against...意为"保护......以免受 ",为固定搭配,故填 from/against。
（3）答案：comparing; on; were asked; to use; the; But; their; advances; which; convenient
解析：1. 〔提示：考査非谓语动词。compare和the country有逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用动词-ing形式做 状语。〕2. 〔提示：考査动词短语。be based on表示“以....为基础”。〕3. 〔提示：考査语态。students和ask之间存动宾 关系，根据last year可知要用一般过去时的被动语态。〕4.〔提示：考查非谓语动词。want sb.to do sth. “想让某人做某事”。〕5. 〔提示：考查冠词。特指前面提到的four new great inventions。〕6. 〔提示:考查连词。上下文是转折关系，所以填But。〕7. 〔提示:考查代词。intelligence是表词，要用形容词 性的物主代词修饰8. 〔提示:考查名词复数。根据谓语动词have been making可知，advance要用复数形式。〕9. 〔提示:考査非限制性定语从句。先行词four great new inventions指的是事物，关系同在非限制性定语从句 中做主语，所以用which。〕10. 〔提示:考查形容词。分析句子成分可知，本题 考查“make+名词+形容词”形式。〕
（4）答案：to; for; have been damaged; survive; relics; efforts; that; to protect; especially; responsibility
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